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Глава 3 Палийский оригинал
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1. Pathavīaṅgapañho Таблица Палийский оригинал |
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| 1."Bhante nāgasena, 'pathaviyā pañca aṅgāni gahetabbānī'ti yaṃ vadesi, katamāni tāni pañca aṅgāni gahetabbānī"ti? | “Revered Nāgasena, when you say five qualities of the earth must be adopted, which are these five qualities that must be adopted?" | ‘Venerable Nāgasena, those five qualities of the earth which you say he ought to take, which are they?’ | 21. Почтенный Нагасена, ты сказал, что следует взять пять качеств земли. Каковы эти пять качеств? | |
| "Yathā, mahārāja, pathavī iṭṭhāniṭṭhāni kappūrāgarutagaracandanakuṅkumādīni ākirantepi pittasemhapubbaruhirasedamedakheḷasiṅghāṇikalasika- muttakarīsādīni ākirantepi tādisā yeva, evameva kho, mahārāja, yoginā yogāvacarena iṭṭhāniṭṭhe lābhālābhe yasāyase nindāpasaṃsāya sukhadukkhe sabbattha tādinā yeva bhavitabbaṃ. | “As, sire, the earth remains the same whether one scatters agreeable or disagreeable things on to it: camphor, aloes, incense, jasmine, saffron and so on; or bile, phlegm, pus, blood, sweat, fat, saliva, mucus, synovial fluid, urine, dung and so on; even so, sire, the one who is devoted to mental training should be equipoised in all circumstances of what is agreeable or disagreeable, of gains and lack of gains, of fame and ill-fame, of blame and praise, of pleasure and pain. | ‘Just, O king, as the earth remains just the same whether one scatter upon it desirable things or the reverse—whether camphor and aloes and jasmine and sandal-wood and saffron, or whether bile and phlegm and pus and blood and sweat and fat and saliva and mucus and the fluid which lubricates the joints and urine and faeces—still it is the same; just so, O king, should the strenuous Bhikshu, earnest in effort, remain the same, unmoved at support or neglect, at fame or dishonour, at blame or praise, in happiness or in woe. | – Во-первых, государь, земля всегда одна и та же, осыпают ли ее желанными камфарой, агару, тагарой, сандалом, шафраном, изливают ли на неё нежеланные желчь, слизь, гной, кровь, пот, жир, слюну, сопли, истечения, мочу и кал. Вот точно так же, государь, и занимающемуся йогой йогу – встречает ли он желанное или нежеланное, прибыль или убыток, честь или бесчестье, хулу или похвалу, счастье или беду – всегда следует быть все тем же. | |
| Idaṃ, mahārāja, pathaviyā paṭhamaṃ aṅgaṃ gahetabbaṃ. | This, sire, is the first quality of the earth that must be adopted. | This, O king, is the first of the qualities of the earth he ought to have. | Это первое качество, государь, что следует взять у земли. | |
| "Puna caparaṃ, mahārāja, pathavī maṇḍanavibhūsanāpagatā sakagandhaparibhāvitā, evameva kho, mahārāja, yoginā yogāvacarena vibhūsanāpagatena sakasīlagandhaparibhāvitena bhavitabbaṃ. | “And again sire, the earth, without finery and adornment, is filled with its own scent; even so, sire, the one who is devoted to mental training should be without adornment and filled with the scent of his own morality. | ‘And again, O king, as the earth has no adornment, no garlands, but is suffused with the odour of itself; just so, O king, should the strenuous Bhikshu, earnest in effort, wear no finery, but rather be set round with the sweet savour of his own righteousness of life. | Далее, государь, земля не имеет нарядов и украшений, пахнет только самою собой. Вот точно так же, государь, и занимающемуся йогой йогу не следует иметь украшений и благоухать следует только своею нравственностью. | |
| Idaṃ, mahārāja, pathaviyā dutiyaṃ aṅgaṃ gahetabbaṃ. | This, sire, is the second quality of the earth that must be adopted. | This, O king, is the second quality of the earth he ought to have. | Это второе качество, государь, что следует взять у земли. | |
| "Puna caparaṃ, mahārāja, pathavī nirantarā akhaṇḍacchiddā asusirā bahalā ghanā vitthiṇṇā, evameva kho, mahārāja, yoginā yogāvacarena nirantaramakhaṇḍacchiddamasusirabahalaghanavitthiṇṇasīlena bhavitabbaṃ. | “And again, sire, the earth is solid, compact, not hollow, thick, dense and extended; even so, sire, the one who is devoted to mental training must develop morality that is solid, faultless, compact, not hollow, thick, dense and extended. | ‘And again, O king, as the earth is solid, without holes or interstices, thick, dense, and spreads itself out on every side; just so, O king, should the strenuous Bhikshu, earnest in effort, be endowed with an unbroken righteousness of life with no gaps or cracks in it, thick, dense, and spreading itself out on every side. | Далее, государь, земля едина, без дыр, без прорех, плотна, тверда, далеко простирается. Вот точно так же, государь, и нравственность занимающегося йогой йога должна быть едина, цельна, без дыр, без прорех, плотна, тверда и простираться на всё. | |
| Idaṃ, mahārāja, pathaviyā tatiyaṃ aṅgaṃ gahetabbaṃ. | This, sire, is the third quality of the earth that must be adopted. | This, O king, is the third quality of the earth he ought to have. | Это третье качество, государь, что следует взять у земли. | |
| "Puna caparaṃ, mahārāja, pathavī gāmanigamanagarajanapadarukkhapabbatanadītaḷākapokkharaṇīmigapakkhimanujanaranārigaṇaṃ dhārentīpi akilāsu hoti, evameva kho, mahārāja, yoginā yogāvacarena ovadantenapi anusāsantenapi viññāpentenapi sandassentenapi samādapentenapi samuttejentenapi sampahaṃsentenapi dhammadesanāsu akilāsunā bhavitabbaṃ. | “And again, sire, the earth is untiring though it supports villages, market-towns, cities, country districts, trees, mountains, rivers, ponds, lakes, wild animals, birds, men and groups of men and women; even so, sire, the one who is devoted to mental training should be untiring in exhorting and instructing and advising and gladdening and arousing and inciting and delighting (others) and in teaching Dhamma. | ‘And again, O king, as the earth is never weary, though it bears up the villages and towns and cities and countries, the trees and hills and rivers and ponds and lakes, the wild creatures and birds and men, multitudes of men and women; just so, O king, should the strenuous Bhikshu, earnest in effort, be never weary in giving exhortation and admonition and instruction and education, in rousing and inciting and gladdening, and at the expositions of the faith. | Далее, государь, земля держит на себе деревни, торжки, города, области, деревья, горы, реки, пруды, озера, сонмы зверей, птиц, мужчин и женщин и в этом неутомима. Вот точно так же, государь, и занимающемуся йогой йогу следует проповедовать Учение, быть для других наставителем, воспитателем, разъяснителем, излагателем, побудителем, споспешателем и вдохновителем и быть в этом неутомимым. | |
| Idaṃ, mahārāja, pathaviyā catutthaṃ aṅgaṃ gahetabbaṃ. | This, sire, is the fourth quality of the earth that must be adopted. | This, O king, is the fourth quality of the earth he ought to have. | Это четвертое качество, государь, что следует взять у земли. | |
| "Puna caparaṃ, mahārāja, pathavī anunayappaṭighavippamuttā, evameva kho, mahārāja, yoginā yogāvacarena anunayappaṭighavippamuttena pathavisamena cetasā viharitabbaṃ. | “And again, sire, the earth is free from approval and repugnance; even so, sire, the one who is devoted to mental training must abide with a mind that, like the earth, is free from approval and repugnance. | ‘And again, O king, as the earth is free alike from fawning and from ill-will ; just so, O king, should the strenuous Bhikshu, earnest in effort, continue in spirit, like the earth, free alike from fawning upon any man, from ill-will to any man. | Далее, государь, земля свободна от пристрастия и неприязни. Вот точно так же, государь, и занимающемуся йогой йогу следует быть свободным от пристрастия и неприязни и быть в своих мыслях беспристрастным, подобно земле. | |
| Idaṃ, mahārāja, pathaviyā pañcamaṃ aṅgaṃ gahetabbaṃ. | This, sire, is the fifth quality of the earth that must be adopted.” | This is the fifth quality of the earth he ought to have. | Это пятое качество, государь, что следует взять у земли. | |
| Bhāsitampetaṃ, mahārāja, upāsikāya cūḷasubhaddāya sakasamaṇe parikittayamānāya – | For it was said, O king, by the devoted woman, culla Subhaddā, when she was exalting the recluses of her own sect: | Ведь есть, государь, изречение мирянки Субхадры Малой, прославляющее шраманов, чьим наставлениям она следовала: | ||
| "'Ekañce bāhaṃ vāsiyā, tacche kupitamānasā [kupitamānaso (ka.)] ; | “Were one, enraged, to cut their one arm with an axe, | «Однажды на монаха я Со злости подняла топор, | ||
| Ekañcebāhaṃ gandhena, ālimpeyya pamoditā [pamodito (ka.)]. | Another, pleased, to anoint the other with sweet scent, | Другим была довольна так, Что благовоньем умастила. | ||
| "'Amusmiṃ paṭigho natthi, rāgo asmiṃ na vijjati; | No ill-will would they bear the one, nor love the other. | Ничуть не рассердился тот, А этот лаской не прельстился. | ||
| Pathavīsamacittā te, tādisā samaṇā mamā"'ti. | Their hearts are like the earth, unmoved are my recluses.” ’ | Вот каковы мои монахи – Земле подобны беспристрастьем!» | ||
| Pathavīaṅgapañho paṭhamo. | ||||
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2. Āpaṅgapañho Таблица Палийский оригинал |
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| 2."Bhante nāgasena, 'āpassa pañca aṅgāni gahetabbānī'ti yaṃ vadesi, katamāni tāni pañca aṅgāni gahetabbānī"ti? | “Revered Nāgasena, when you say five qualities of water must be adopted, which are these five qualities that must be adopted?" | ‘Venerable Nāgasena, the five qualities of water which you say he ought to take, which are they?’ | 22. Почтенный Нагасена, ты сказал, что следует взять пять качеств воды. Каковы эти пять качеств? | |
| "Yathā, mahārāja, āpo susaṇṭhitamakampitamaluḷitasabhāvaparisuddho, evameva kho, mahārāja, yoginā yogāvacarena kuhanalapananemittakanippesikataṃ apanetvā susaṇṭhitamakampitamaluḷitasabhāvaparisuddhācārena bhavitabbaṃ. | “As, sire, water is well poised, unshaken, untroubled and quite pure by nature, even so, sire, the one who is devoted to mental training, dispelling trickery, cajolery, insinuation and belittling, should be well poised, unshaken, untroubled and quite pure by nature in good habits. | ‘Just, O king, as water is firmly fixed (in pools, wells, &c.), shakes not, and (in its ordinary state) is not disturbed, and is pure by nature; just so, O king, should the strenuous Bhikshu, earnest in effort, putting away hypocrisy, and whining, and intimating their wants, and improper influences of all sorts, be fixed, unshaken, undisturbed, and pure in nature. | – Во-первых, государь, вода по своей природе определенна, неволнуема, незамутненна и вполне чиста. Вот точно так же, государь, и занимающемуся йогой йогу следует оставить всякое лицемерие, попрошайничество, занятие предсказаниями, фокусничеством и тому подобным и быть по своей природе определенным, неволнуемым, незамутненным и вполне чистым. | |
| Idaṃ, mahārāja, āpassa paṭhamaṃ aṅgaṃ gahetabbaṃ. | This, sire is the first quality of water that must be adopted. | This, O king, is the first quality of water he ought to have. | Это первое качество, государь, что следует взять у воды. | |
| "Puna caparaṃ, mahārāja, āpo sītalasabhāvasaṇṭhito, evameva kho, mahārāja, yoginā yogāvacarena sabbasattesu khantimettānuddayasampannena hitesinā anukampakena bhavitabbaṃ. | “And again, sire, water is poised cool by nature; even so, sire, the one who is devoted to mental training, out of compassion for all beings and seeking their welfare, should be possessed of forbearance, loving kindness and mercy. | ‘And again, O king, as water is always of a refreshing nature; just so, O king, should the strenuous Bhikshu, earnest in effort, be full of pity, and love, and kindness to all beings, seeking the good of all, in mercy to all. | Далее, государь, вода по природе постоянно свежа. Вот точно так же, государь, и занимающемуся йогой йогу следует со всеми живыми существами быть терпеливым, дружелюбным, снисходительным, жалеть их и желать им блага. | |
| Idaṃ, mahārāja, āpassa dutiyaṃ aṅgaṃ gahetabbaṃ. | This, sire, is the second quality of water that must be adopted. | This, O king, is the second quality of water he ought to have. | Это второе качество, государь, что следует взять у воды. | |
| "Puna caparaṃ, mahārāja, āpo asuciṃ suciṃ karoti, evameva kho, mahārāja, yoginā yogāvacarena gāme vā araññe vā upajjhāye upajjhāyamattesu ācariye ācariyamattesu sabbattha anadhikaraṇena bhavitabbaṃ anavasesakārinā. | “And again, sire, water makes pure what was impure; even so, sire, the one who is devoted to mental training, whether he be in a village or a forest, should in all circumstances be one who, by not (meriting) a legal question, does not give an occasion to a preceptor, a teacher, or to grades of teachers (to make a legal question against him).172 | ‘And again, O king, as water makes the dirty clean; just so, O king, should the strenuous Bhikshu, earnest in effort, be in all places, whether in the village or in the forest, free from disputes with, free from offence against his teachers, his masters, or those standing towards him like a teacher. | Далее, государь, вода нечистое очищает. Вот точно так же, государь, и занимающемуся йогой йогу не следует в деревне, в лесу, с учителем, с наставником и с теми, кто подобен наставникам, пререкаться или давать повод для упрека. | |
| Idaṃ, mahārāja, āpassa tatiyaṃ aṅgaṃ gahetabbaṃ. | This, sire, is the third quality of water that must be adopted. | This, O king, is the third quality of water he ought to have. | Это третье качество, государь, что следует взять у воды. | |
| "Puna caparaṃ, mahārāja, āpo bahujanapatthito, evameva kho, mahārāja, yoginā yogāvacarena appicchasantuṭṭhapavivittapaṭisallānena satataṃ sabbalokamabhipatthitena bhavitabbaṃ. | “And again, sire, water is desired by the manyfolk; even so, sire, the one who is devoted to mental training, because he is of few wishes, content, aloof, solitary in meditation, must be one who is constantly much desired by the whole world. | ‘And again, O king, as water is desired of all men; just so, O king, should the strenuous Bhikshu, earnest in effort, wishing for little, content, given to solitude and retirement, be always an object of desire to all the world. | Далее, государь, вода многим людям желанна. Вот точно так же, государь, и занимающемуся йогой йогу следует быть нетребовательным, непритязательным, любящим уединение, малообщительным и потому всегда быть всему миру весьма желанным. | |
| Idaṃ, mahārāja, āpassa catutthaṃ aṅgaṃ gahetabbaṃ. | This, sire, is the fourth quality of water that must be adopted. | This, O king, is the fourth quality of water he ought to have. | Это четвертое качество, государь, что следует взять у воды. | |
| "Puna caparaṃ, mahārāja, āpo na kassaci ahitamupadahati, evameva kho, mahārāja, yoginā yogāvacarena parabhaṇḍanakalahaviggahavivādarittajjhānaaratijananaṃ kāyavacīcittehi pāpakaṃ na karaṇīyaṃ. | “And again, sire, water furnishes woe to no one; even so, sire, the one who is devoted to mental training should not do evil by body, speech or mind for producing in others strife, quarrels, contentions, disputes, neglected meditation and dislike. | ‘And again, O king, as water works no harm to any man; just so, O king, should the strenuous Bhikshu, earnest in effort, never do any wrong, whether in deed or word or thought, which would produce in others either strife, or quarrel, or contention, or dispute, or a feeling of emptiness, or anger, or discontent. | Далее, государь, от воды никому не бывает дурного. Вот точно так же, государь, и занимающемуся йогой йогу не следует телом, словом или мыслью совершать грехи, порождающие ссоры, свары, споры, пререкания, пустые терзания и неудовлетворенность. | |
| Idaṃ, mahārāja, āpassa pañcamaṃ aṅgaṃ gahetabbaṃ. | This, sire, is the fifth quality of water that must be adopted.” | This, O king, is the fifth quality of water he ought to have. | Это пятое качество, государь, что следует взять у воды. | |
| Bhāsitampetaṃ mahārāja, bhagavatā, devātidevena kaṇhajātake – | For it was said, O king, by the Blessed One, the god over all gods, in the Kaṇha Jātaka: | Ведь есть, государь, в джатаке о Кришне изречение Блаженного, бога богов: | ||
| "'Varañce me ado sakka, sabbabhūtānamissara; | “If you would grant a boon to me, O Sakka, lord of every creature— | «Владыка всех живых существ, О Шакра! Вот что я хочу: | ||
| Na mano vā sarīraṃ vā, maṃ-kate sakka kassaci; | Let none, Sakka, on my account, Be harmed, whether in mind or body, | Из-за меня пусть никогда Никто ни телом, ни умом | ||
| Kadāci upahaññetha, etaṃ sakka varaṃ vare"'ti. | At any time or place. This, Sakka, This would I choose as boon of boons.” ’ | Страдания не испытает. Даруй мне эту милость, Шакра»860. | ||
| Āpaṅgapañho dutiyo. | ||||
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3. Tejaṅgapañho Таблица Палийский оригинал |
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| 3."Bhante nāgasena, 'tejassa pañca aṅgāni gahetabbānī'ti yaṃ vadesi, katamāni tāni pañca aṅgāni gahetabbānī"ti? | “Revered Nāgasena, when you say five qualities of fire must be adopted, which are these five qualities which must be adopted? ” | ‘Venerable Nāgasena, those five qualities of fire which you say he ought to take, which are they?’ | 23. Почтенный Нагасена, ты сказал, что следует взять пять качеств огня. Каковы эти пять качеств? | |
| "Yathā, mahārāja, tejo tiṇakaṭṭhasākhāpalāsaṃ ḍahati, evameva kho, mahārāja, yoginā yogāvacarena ye te abbhantarā vā bāhirā vā kilesā iṭṭhāniṭṭhārammaṇānubhavanā, sabbe te ñāṇagginā ḍahitabbā. | “As, sire, fire burns grass, sticks, branches and foliage, even so, sire, the one who is devoted to mental training must burn with the fire of knowledge all those defilements which, whether internal or external, are the experiencing of agreeable and disagreeable objects. | ‘just, O king, as fire burns grass, and sticks, and branches, and leaves; just so, O king, should the strenuous Bhikshu, earnest in effort, burn out in the fire of wisdom all evil dispositions which feed on objects of thought, whether subjective or objective, whether desirable or the reverse. | – Во-первых, государь, огонь сжигает сено, хворост, ветви и сухую листву. Вот точно так же, государь, и занимающемуся йогой йогу следует сжечь огнем знания все аффекты, внешние они или внутренние и опираются ли они на желанные или нежеланные предметы опыта. | |
| Idaṃ, mahārāja, tejassa paṭhamaṃ aṅgaṃ gahetabbaṃ. | This, sire, is the first quality of fire that must be adopted. | This, O king, is the first quality of fire he ought to have. | Это первое качество, государь, что следует взять у огня. | |
| "Puna caparaṃ, mahārāja, tejo niddayo akāruṇiko, evameva kho, mahārāja, yoginā yogāvacarena sabbakilesesu kāruññānuddayā na kātabbā. | “And again, sire, fire is merciless and unpitying; even so, sire, the one who is devoted to mental training should not show pity and mercy for any of the defilements. | ‘And again, O king, as fire has no pity, neither mercy; just so, O king, should the strenuous Bhikshu, earnest in effort, show no pity, neither mercy, to any evil dispositions. | Далее, государь, огонь беспощаден и безжалостен. Вот точно так же, государь, и занимающемуся йогой йогу не следует жалеть и щадить какие-либо аффекты. | |
| Idaṃ, mahārāja, tejassa dutiyaṃ aṅgaṃ gahetabbaṃ. | This, sire, is the second quality of fire that must be adopted. | This, O king, is the second quality of fire he ought to have. | Это второе качество, государь, что следует взять у огня. | |
| "Puna caparaṃ, mahārāja, tejo sītaṃ paṭihanati, evameva kho, mahārāja, yoginā yogāvacarena vīriyasantāpatejaṃ abhijanetvā kilesā paṭihantabbā. | “And again, sire, fire wards off cold; even so, sire, the one who is devoted to mental training, generating energy, ardour and incandescence, must ward off the defilements. | ‘And again, O king, as fire destroys cold; just so, O king, should the strenuous Bhikshu, earnest in effort, lighting up in his heart the burning fire of zeal, destroy all evil dispositions therein. | Далее государь, огонь гонит холод прочь. Вот точно так же, государь, и занимающемуся йогой йогу следует породить жаркий огонь усилия и прогнать аффекты прочь. | |
| Idaṃ, mahārāja, tejassa tatiyaṃ aṅgaṃ gahetabbaṃ. | This, sire, is the third quality of fire that must be adopted. | This, O king, is the third quality of fire he ought to have. | Это третье качество, государь, что следует взять у огня. | |
| "Puna caparaṃ, mahārāja, tejo anunayappaṭighavippamutto uṇhamabhijaneti, evameva kho, mahārāja, yoginā yogāvacarena anunayappaṭighavippamuttena tejosamena cetasā viharitabbaṃ. | “And again, sire, fire, free from approval and repugnance, generates warmth; even so, sire, the one who is devoted to mental training, free from approval and repugnance, must abide with a mind like fire. | ‘And again, O king, as fire, seeking no favour of any man, bearing no ill-will to any man, makes heat for all; just so, O king, should the strenuous Bhikshu, earnest in effort, dwell in spirit like the fire, fawning on none, bearing ill-will to none. | Далее, государь, огонь порождает жар, будучи свободен от пристрастия и неприязни. Вот точно так же, государь, и занимающемуся йогой йогу следует быть свободным от пристрастия и неприязни и уподобить свою мысль огню. | |
| Idaṃ, mahārāja, tejassa catutthaṃ aṅgaṃ gahetabbaṃ. | This, sire, is the fourth quality of fire that must be adopted. | This, O king, is the fourth quality of fire he ought to have. | Это четвертое качество, государь, что следует взять у огня. | |
| "Puna caparaṃ, mahārāja, tejo andhakāraṃ vidhamitvā [vidhamati (sī. pī. ka.)] ālokaṃ dassayati, evameva kho, mahārāja, yoginā yogāvacarena avijjandhakāraṃ vidhamitvā ñāṇālokaṃ dassayitabbaṃ. | “And again, sire, fire dispels darkness and makes light appear; even so, sire, the one who is devoted to mental training, dispelling the darkness of ignorance, must make the light of knowledge appear. | ‘And again, O king, as fire dispels darkness, and makes the light appear; just so, O king, should the strenuous Bhikshu, earnest in effort, dispel the darkness of ignorance, and make the light of knowledge to appear. | Далее, государь, огонь рассеивает тьму и являет свет. Вот точно так же, государь, и занимающемуся йогой йогу следует рассеять тьму неведения и явить свет знания. | |
| Idaṃ, mahārāja, tejassa pañcamaṃ aṅgaṃ gahetabbaṃ. | This, sire, is the fifth quality of fire that must be adopted." | This is the fifth quality of fire he ought to have. | Это пятое качество, государь, что следует взять у огня. | |
| Bhāsitampetaṃ, mahārāja, bhagavatā devātidevena sakaṃ puttaṃ rāhulaṃ ovadantena – | For it was said, O king, by the Blessed One, the god over all gods, in his exhortation to Rāhula, his son: | Ведь есть, государь, изречение Блаженного, бога богов, в котором он наставляет своего сына Рахулу: | ||
| 'Tejosamaṃ [ma. ni. 2.119], rāhula, bhāvanaṃ bhāvehi, tejosamaṃ hi te, rāhula, bhāvanaṃ bhāvayato uppannā? | “Practise thyself, Rāhula, in that meditation which acts like fire. Thereby | «Осваивай, Рахула, уподобление мысли огню. Если ты будешь осваивать уподобление огню, | ||
| Manāpāmanāpā phassā cittaṃ na pariyādāya ṭhassantī"'ti. | shall no wrong dispositions, which have not yet arisen, arise within thee, nor shall they that have arisen bear sway over thy heart.” ’ | то невозникшие неблагие дхармы так и не возникнут, а возникшие неблагие дхармы не смогут овладеть твоею мыслью»861. |
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| Tejaṅgapañho tatiyo. | ||||
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4. Vāyuṅgapañho Таблица Палийский оригинал |
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| 4."Bhante nāgasena, 'vāyussa pañca aṅgāni gahetabbānī'ti yaṃ vadesi, katamāni tāni pañca aṅgāni gahetabbānī"ti? | “Revered Nāgasena, when you say five qualities of the wind must be adopted, which are these five qualities that must be adopted?" | ‘Venerable Nāgasena, those five qualities of wind which you say he ought to take, which are they?’ | 24. Почтенный Нагасена, ты сказал, что следует взять пять качеств ветра. Каковы эти пять качеств? | |
| "Yathā, mahārāja, vāyu supupphitavanasaṇḍantaraṃ abhivāyati, evameva kho, mahārāja, yoginā yogāvacarena vimuttivarakusumapupphitārammaṇavanantare ramitabbaṃ. | “As, sire, the wind blows through a woodland thicket that is in full bloom, even so, sire, the one who is devoted to mental training must delight in the woodland of the objective supports (for meditation) that are in bloom with the lovely flowers of emancipation. | ‘Just, O king, as wind pervades the spaces in the woods and groves in flowering time; so, O king, should the strenuous Bhikshu, earnest in effort, rejoice in the groves of meditation that are all in blossom with the sweet flowers of emancipation. | – Во-первых, государь, ветер овевает цветущие леса и рощи. Вот точно так же, государь, и занимающемуся йогой йогу следует найти утеху в лесу опор созерцания, цветущем прекрасными цветами свободы. | |
| Idaṃ, mahārāja, vāyussa paṭhamaṃ aṅgaṃ gahetabbaṃ. | This, sire, is the first quality of the wind that must be adopted. | This, O king, is the first quality of wind he ought to have. | Это первое качество, государь, что следует взять у ветра. | |
| "Puna caparaṃ, mahārāja, vāyu dharaṇīruhapādapagaṇe mathayati, evameva kho, mahārāja, yoginā yogāvacarena vanantaragatena saṅkhāre vicinantena kilesā mathayitabbā. | “And again, sire, the wind agitates a group of dharaṇīruha trees; even so, sire, the one who is devoted to mental training, going into a woodland, should agitate the defilements by investigating the formations. | ‘And again, O king, as wind sets all the trees that grow upon the earth in agitation, bends them down; just so, O king, should the strenuous Bhikshu, earnest in effort, retiring into the midst of the woods, there examining into the true nature of all existing things (all phenomena, Saṁkhāras), beat down all evil dispositions. | Далее, государь, ветер сотрясает множество деревьев и кустов. Вот точно так же, государь, и занимающемуся йогой йогу следует, находясь в лесу, исследовать слагаемые и сотрясти аффекты. | |
| Idaṃ, mahārāja, vāyussa dutiyaṃ aṅgaṃ gahetabbaṃ. | This, sire, is the second quality of the wind that must be adopted. | This, O king, is the second quality of wind he ought to have. | Это второе качество, государь, что следует взять у ветра. | |
| "Puna caparaṃ, mahārāja, vāyu ākāse carati, evameva kho, mahārāja, yoginā yogāvacarena lokuttaradhammesu mānasaṃ sañcārayitabbaṃ. | “And again, sire, the wind moves about in space; even so, sire, the one who is devoted to mental training should make his mind move about in the supramundane states.173 | ‘And again, O king, as the wind wanders through the sky; just so, O king, should the strenuous Bhikshu, earnest in effort, accustom his mind to wander among transcendental things. | Далее, государь, ветер веет в пространстве. Вот точно так же, государь, и занимающемуся йогой йогу следует направлять свой ум к сверхмирским дхармам. | |
| Idaṃ, mahārāja, vāyussa tatiyaṃ aṅgaṃ gahetabbaṃ. | This, sire, is the third quality of the wind that must be adopted. | This is the third quality of wind he ought to have. | Это третье качество, государь, что следует взять у ветра. | |
| "Puna caparaṃ, mahārāja, vāyu gandhaṃ anubhavati, evameva kho, mahārāja, yoginā yogāvacarena attano sīlavarasurabhigandho [sīlasurabhigando (sī. pī.)] anubhavitabbo. | “And again, sire, the wind carries scent; even so, sire, the one who is devoted to mental training must carry his own fragrant scent of morality. | ‘And again, O king, as wind carries perfume along; just so, O king, should the strenuous Bhikshu, earnest in effort, carry along with him alway the fragrant perfume of his own righteousness of life. | Далее, государь, ветер распространяет запахи. Вот точно так же, государь, и занимающемуся йогой йогу следует распространять благоухание своей нравственности. | |
| Idaṃ, mahārāja, vāyussa catutthaṃ aṅgaṃ gahetabbaṃ. | This, sire, is the fourth quality of the wind that must be adopted. | This, O king, is the fourth quality of wind he ought to have. | Это четвертое качество, государь, что следует взять у ветра. | |
| "Puna caparaṃ, mahārāja, vāyu nirālayo aniketavāsī, evameva kho, mahārāja, yoginā yogāvacarena nirālayamaniketamasanthavena sabbattha vimuttena bhavitabbaṃ. | “And again, sire, the wind is without an abode, it does not dwell in a house; even so, sire, the one who is devoted to mental training should in all circumstances be freed, without an abode, houseless and independent. | ‘And again, O king, as wind has no house, no home to dwell in; just so, O king, should the strenuous Bhikshu, earnest in effort, remain alway without a house, without a home to dwell in, not addicted to society, set free in mind. | Далее, государь, ветер бесприютен и не имеет пристанища. Вот точно так же, государь, и занимающемуся йогой йогу следует быть без приюта, без пристанища, без крова и быть от всего свободным. | |
| Idaṃ, mahārāja, vāyussa pañcamaṃ aṅgaṃ gahetabbaṃ. | This, sire, is the fifth quality of the wind that must be adopted.” | This, O king, is the fifth quality of wind he ought to have. | Это пятое качество, государь, что следует взять у ветра. | |
| Bhāsitampetaṃ, mahārāja, bhagavatā devātidevena suttanipāte – | For it was said, O king, by the Blessed One, the god over all gods, in the Sutta Nipāta: | Ведь есть, государь, в Сборных сутрах изречение Блаженного, бога богов: | ||
| "'Santhavāto bhayaṃ jātaṃ, niketā jāyate rajo; | “In friendship of the world anxiety is born, In household life distraction’s dust lies thick; | «В сближенье возникла опасность, Под кровом рождается страсть, | ||
| Aniketamasanthavaṃ, etaṃ ve munidassana"'nti. | The state set free from home and friendship’s ties— That, and that only, is the recluse’s aim.” ’ | Жить без сближенья, без крова – Вот истинно взгляд мудрецов»862. | ||
| Vāyuṅgapañho catuttho. | ||||
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5. Pabbataṅgapañho Таблица Палийский оригинал |
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| 5."Bhante nāgasena, 'pabbatassa pañca aṅgāni gahetabbānī'ti yaṃ vadesi, katamāni tāni pañca aṅgāni gahetabbānī"ti ? | “Revered Nāgasena, when you say five qualities of the mountain must be adopted, which are these five qualities that must be adopted? | ‘Venerable Nāgasena, the five qualities of the rock that you say he ought to have, which are they?’ | 25. Почтенный Нагасена, ты сказал, что следует взять пять качеств скалы. Каковы эти пять качеств? | |
| "Yathā, mahārāja, pabbato acalo akampito [akampiyo (sī. pī.)] asampavedhī, evameva kho, mahārāja, yoginā yogāvacarena sammānane vimānane sakkāre asakkāre garukāre agarukāre yase ayase nindāya pasaṃsāya sukhe dukkhe iṭṭhāniṭṭhesu sabbattha rūpasaddagandharasaphoṭṭhabbadhammesu rajanīyesu na rajjitabbaṃ, dussanīyesu na dussitabbaṃ, muyhanīyesu na muyhitabbaṃ, na kampitabbaṃ na calitabbaṃ, pabbatena viya acalena bhavitabbaṃ. | “As, sire, the mountain is unshaken, untrembling and immovable, even so, sire, the one who is devoted to mental training in regard to the respect and contempt, the honours and lack of honours, the reverence and lack of reverence, the renown and lack of renown, in regard to the blame and praise (shown him), in regard to pleasure and pain, and among what is agreeable or disagreeable: visible forms, sounds, smells, tastes, touches and mental objects—should in no circumstances be stirred to lust by things causing lust, be stirred to hatred by things causing hatred, be deluded by things causing delusion; he should not tremble or shake, he should be unshaken like the mountain. | ‘Just, O king, as rock is firm, unshaken, immoveable; just so, O king, should the strenuous Bhikshu, earnest in effort, never be excited by alluring things—forms, or sounds, or scents, or tastes, or touch—by veneration or contempt, by support or by neglect, by reverence or its absence, by honour or dishonour, by praise or blame, nor should he be offended by things that give offence, nor bewildered on occasions of bewilderment, neither should he quake nor tremble, but like a rock should he be firm. | – Во-первых, государь, скала недвижна, несокрушима, неколебима. Вот точно так же, государь, и занимающемуся йогой йогу – встречает ли он уважение или неуважение, почтение или непочтительность, достойное или недостойное обращение, честь или бесчестье, хулу или похвалу, приятное или неприятное, желанные или нежеланные зримые образы, звуки, запахи, вкусы, касания, дхармы,– ему не следует испытывать страсть к тому, что склоняет к страсти, испытывать враждебность к тому, что склоняет к враждебности, впадать в заблуждение о том, что склоняет к заблуждению, не следует колебаться и трепетать, но следует быть неколебимым, подобно скале. | |
| Idaṃ, mahārāja, pabbatassa paṭhamaṃ aṅgaṃ gahetabbaṃ. | This, sire, is the first quality of the mountain that must be adopted. | This, O king, is the first quality of the rock he ought to have. | Это первое качество, государь, что следует взять у скалы. | |
| Bhāsitampetaṃ, mahārāja, bhagavatā devātidevena – | For it was said, O king, by the Blessed One, the god over all gods: | Ведь есть, государь, изречение Блаженного, бога богов: | ||
| "'Selo yathā ekaghano [ekagghano (ka.) dha. pa. 81 dhammapade], vātena na samīrati; | “The solid rock’s not shaken by the wind, | «Как твердая скала Неколебима ветром, | ||
| Evaṃ nindāpasaṃsāsu, na samiñjanti paṇḍitā'ti. | Just so the wise man falters not, nor shakes, At praise or blame.” | Так умным безразлична Хула и похвала»863. | ||
| "Puna caparaṃ, mahārāja, pabbato thaddho na kenaci saṃsaṭṭho, evameva kho, mahārāja, yoginā yogāvacarena thaddhena asaṃsaṭṭhena bhavitabbaṃ, na kenaci saṃsaggo karaṇīyo. | “And again, sire, a mountain is firm, not associating with anything; even so, sire, the one who is devoted to mental training must be firm and ungregarious, given to association with none. | ‘And again, O king, as a rock is firm, unmixed with extraneous things; just so, O king, should the strenuous Bhikshu, earnest in effort, be firm and independent, given to association with none. | Далее, государь, скала тверда, и ничто к ней не прилепляется. Вот точно так же, государь, и занимающемуся йогой йогу следует быть твердым и ни к чему не прилепляться. | |
| Idaṃ, mahārāja, pabbatassa dutiyaṃ aṅgaṃ gahetabbaṃ. | This, sire, is the second quality of the mountain that must be adopted. | This, O king, is the second quality of the rock he ought to have. | Это второе качество, государь, что следует взять у скалы. | |
| Bhāsitampetaṃ, mahārāja, bhagavatā devātidevena – | For it was said, O king, by the Blessed One, the god over all gods: | Ведь есть, государь, изречение Блаженного, бога богов: | ||
| "'Asaṃsaṭṭhaṃ gahaṭṭhehi, anāgārehi cūbhayaṃ; | “The man who mixes not with householders, Nor with the homeless, | «Кто ни к домохозяевам, Ни к бесприютным странникам Мыслью не прилепляется, | ||
| Anokasārimappicchaṃ, tamahaṃ brūmi brāhmaṇa'nti. | but who wanders lone, Without a home, and touched by few desires— That is the man I call a Brāhmaṇa.” | Кочует без пристанища, Всегда непритязателен – Того зову я брахманом»864. | ||
| "Puna caparaṃ, mahārāja, pabbate bījaṃ na virūhati, evameva kho, mahārāja, yoginā yogāvacarena sakamānase kilesā na virūhāpetabbā. | “And again, sire, no seed grows on a mountain; even so, sire, the one who is devoted to mental training should not allow the defilements to grow in his own mind. | ‘And again, O king, as on the rock no seed will take root; just so, O king, should the strenuous Bhikshu, earnest in effort, never permit evil dispositions to take root in his mind. | Далее, государь, на скале не прорастают семена. Вот точно так же, государь, и занимающемуся йогой йогу не следует давать в своей мысли прорасти семенам аффектов. | |
| Idaṃ, mahārāja, pabbatassa tatiyaṃ aṅgaṃ gahetabbaṃ. | This, sire, is the third quality of the mountain that must be adopted. | This, O king, is the third quality of rock that he ought to have. | Это третье качество, государь, что следует взять у скалы. | |
| Bhāsitampetaṃ, mahārāja, therena subhūtinā – | For it was said, O king, by Subhūti, the Elder: | Ведь есть, государь, изречение тхеры Субхутия: | ||
| "'Rāgūpasaṃhitaṃ cittaṃ, yadā uppajjate mama; | “When lustful thoughts arise within my heart, | «Если со страстью связанная Мысль во мне нарождается, | ||
| Sayaṃva paccavekkhāmi [paccavekkhitvā (sabbattha)], ekaggo [ekako (sabbattha)] taṃ damemahaṃ. | Examining myself, alone I beat them down. | Сам я осознаю ее И в одиночку обуздываю: | ||
| "'Rajjase [rajjasi (sī.), rañjasi (pī.)] rajanīye ca, dussanīye ca dussase; | Thou who’rt by lust excited, who by things That give offence, allowest of offence, | «Вижу я, одолели тебя Враждебность, страсть, | ||
| Muyhase [muyhasi (sī.)] mohanīye ca, nikkhamassu vanā tuvaṃ. | Feeling bewildered when strange things occur, Thou shouldst retire far from the lonely woods. | заблуждение! Уходи из лесу немедленно! | ||
| "'Visuddhānaṃ ayaṃ vāso, nimmalānaṃ tapassinaṃ; | For they’re the dwelling-place of men made pure, Austere in life, free from the stains of sin. | Здесь обитель очистившихся, Безупречных подвижников. | ||
| Mā kho visuddhaṃ dūsesi, nikkhamassu vanā tuva'nti. | Defile not that pure place. Leave thou the woods.” | Не оскверняй чистоты ее, Уходи из лесу немедленно!»865 | ||
| "Puna caparaṃ, mahārāja, pabbato accuggato, evameva kho, mahārāja, yoginā yogāvacarena ñāṇaccuggatena bhavitabbaṃ. | “And again, sire, a mountain is very lofty; even so, sire, the one who is devoted to mental training must become very lofty in knowledge. | ‘And again, just as the rock rises aloft, just so should the strenuous Bhikshu, earnest in effort, rise aloft through knowledge. | Далее, государь, скала высоко вознесена. Вот точно так же, государь, и занимающемуся йогой йогу следует высоко вознести свое знание. | |
| Idaṃ, mahārāja, pabbatassa catutthaṃ aṅgaṃ gahetabbaṃ. | This, sire, is the fourth quality of the mountain that must be adopted. | This is the fourth quality of the rock he ought to have. | Это четвертое качество, государь, что следует взять у скалы. | |
| Bhāsitampetaṃ, mahārāja, bhagavatā devātidevena – | For it was said, O king, by the Blessed One, the god over all gods: | Ведь есть, государь, изречение Блаженного, бога богов: | ||
| "'Pamādaṃ appamādena, yadā nudati paṇḍito; | “When the wise man by earnestness has driven Vanity far away, the terraced heights | «Когда умный прогонит прочь Небеспечливостью беспечность, | ||
| Paññāpāsādamāruyha, asoko sokiniṃ pajaṃ; | Of wisdom doth he climb, and, free from care, Looks over the vain world, the careworn crowd— | Он воссядет в чертоге мудрых И, лишенный печали, посмотрит На печалящихся людей, | ||
| Pabbataṭṭhova bhūmaṭṭhe [bhummaṭṭhe (sī. pī.)], dhīro bāle avekkhatī'ti. | As he who standing on the mountain top Can watch his fellow-men still toiling on the plain.” | Как с горы на равнину смотрят, Как разумный на глупых смотрит»866. | ||
| "Puna caparaṃ, mahārāja, pabbato anunnato anonato, evameva kho, mahārāja, yoginā yogāvacarena unnatāvanati na karaṇīyā. | “And again, sire, the mountain cannot be elevated or bent down; even so, sire, the one who is devoted to mental training should overcome (being) uplifted or downcast. | ‘And again, O king, just as the rock cannot be lifted up nor bent down; just so, O king, should the strenuous Bhikshu, earnest in effort, be neither lifted up nor depressed. | Далее, государь, скала не возносится выше и не умаляется ниже того, что она есть. Вот точно так же, государь, и занимающемуся йогой йогу не следует в мыслях возноситься или умаляться. | |
| Idaṃ, mahārāja, pabbatassa pañcamaṃ aṅgaṃ gahetabbaṃ. | This, sire, is the fifth quality of the mountain that must be adopted.” | This, O king, is the fifth quality of the rock he ought to have. | Это пятое качество, государь, что следует взять у скалы. | |
| Bhāsitampetaṃ, mahārāja, upāsikāya cūḷasubhaddāya sakasamaṇe parikittayamānāya – | For it was said, O king, by the devout woman, culla Subhaddā, when she was exalting the recluses of her own sect: | Ведь есть, государь, изречение мирянки Субхадры Малой, прославляющее шраманов, чьим наставлениям она следовала: | ||
| "'Lābhena unnato loko, alābhena ca onato; | “The world is lifted up by gain, depressed by loss. | «Всем людям свойственно считать, Что их везение возносит, А невезенье умаляет. | ||
| Lābhālābhena ekatthā [ekaṭṭhā (sī. pī.)], tādisā samaṇā mamā"'ti. | My Samaṇas remain alike in gain or loss.” ’ | Не таковы мои монахи: Они в везенье, невезенье Всегда собою остаются». | ||
| Pabbataṅgapañho pañcamo. | ||||
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6. Ākāsaṅgapañho Таблица Палийский оригинал |
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| 6."Bhante nāgasena, 'ākāsassa pañca aṅgāni gahetabbānī'ti yaṃ vadesi, katamāni tāni pañca aṅgāni gahetabbānī"ti? | “Revered Nāgasena, when you say five qualities of space must be adopted, which are these five qualities that must be adopted?" | ‘Venerable Nāgasena, those five qualities of space which you say he ought to have, which are they?’ | 26. Почтенный Нагасена, ты сказал, что следует взять пять качеств пространства. Каковы эти пять качеств? | |
| "Yathā, mahārāja, ākāso sabbaso agayho, evameva kho, mahārāja, yoginā yogāvacarena sabbaso kilesehi agayhena bhavitabbaṃ. | “As, sire, space is everywhere impossible to grasp, even so, sire, the one who is devoted to mental training must everywhere be impossible for the defilements to grasp. | ‘Just, O king, as space is everywhere impossible to grasp; just so, O king, should it be impossible for the strenuous Bhikshu, earnest in effort, to be anywhere taken hold of by evil dispositions. | – Во-первых, государь, пространство ни с какой стороны схватить нельзя. Вот точно так же, государь, и занимающемуся йогой йогу следует быть таким, чтобы аффекты ни с какой стороны не могли его схватить. | |
| Idaṃ, mahārāja, ākāsassa paṭhamaṃ aṅgaṃ gahetabbaṃ. | This, sire, is the first quality of space that must be adopted. | This, O king, is the first quality of space he ought to have. | Это первое качество, государь, что следует взять у пространства. | |
| "Puna caparaṃ, mahārāja, ākāso isitāpasabhūtadijagaṇānusañcarito, evameva kho, mahārāja, yoginā yogāvacarena 'aniccaṃ dukkhaṃ anattā'ti saṅkhāresu mānasaṃ sañcārayitabbaṃ. | “And again, sire, space is frequented by seers, ascetics, (non-human) beings and flocks of birds; even so, sire, the one who is devoted to mental training must make his mind move about among the formations, thinking: ‘They are impermanent, suffering, non-self.’ | ‘And again, O king, as space is the familiar resort of Rishis, and ascetics, and gods, and flocks of birds; just so, O king, should the strenuous Bhikshu, earnest in effort, make his mind wander easily over all things with the knowledge that each individual (Saṁkhāra) is impermanent, born to sorrow, and without any abiding principle (any soul). | Далее, государь, пространство освоено провидцами, подвижниками, божествами и стаями птиц. Вот точно так же, государь, и занимающемуся йогой йогу следует освоить своим умом знание того, что все слагаемые бренны, тягостны и без самости. | |
| Idaṃ, mahārāja, ākāsassa dutiyaṃ aṅgaṃ gahetabbaṃ. | This, sire, is the second quality of space that must be adopted. | This, O king, is the second quality of space he ought to have. | Это второе качество, государь, что следует взять у пространства. | |
| "Puna caparaṃ, mahārāja, ākāso santāsanīyo, evameva kho, mahārāja, yoginā yogāvacarena sabbabhavapaṭisandhīsu mānasaṃ ubbejayitabbaṃ, assādo na kātabbo. | “And again, sire, space is awe-inspiring; even so, sire, the one who is devoted to mental training should make his mind anxious about rebirth in any of the becomings, and satisfaction (in them) should not be built up. | ‘And again, O king, as space inspires terror; just so, O king , should the strenuous Bhikshu, earnest in effort, train his mind to be in terror of rebirths in any kind of existence. To seek no happiness therein. | Далее, государь, пространство внушает страх. Вот точно так же, государь, и занимающемуся йогой йогу следует содрогаться при мысли о любых возможных в будущем рождениях, не следует видеть в них ничего отрадного. | |
| Idaṃ, mahārāja, ākāsassa tatiyaṃ aṅgaṃ gahetabbaṃ. | This, sire, is the third quality of space that must be adopted. | This, O king, is the third quality of space he ought to have. | Это третье качество, государь, что следует взять у пространства. | |
| "Puna caparaṃ, mahārāja, ākāso ananto appamāṇo aparimeyyo, evameva kho, mahārāja, yoginā yogāvacarena anantasīlena aparimitañāṇena bhavitabbaṃ. | “And again, sire, space is infinite, boundless and immeasurable; even so, sire, the one who is devoted to mental training must be of infinite morality and unmeasured knowledge. | ‘And again, O king, as space is infinite, boundless, immeasurable; just so, O king, should the righteousness of the strenuous Bhikshu, earnest in effort, know no limit, and his knowledge be beyond measure. | Далее, государь, пространство бесконечно, безмерно, неизмеримо. Вот точно так же, государь, и занимающемуся йогой йогу следует обладать бесконечной нравственностью и безмерным знанием. | |
| Idaṃ, mahārāja, ākāsassa catutthaṃ aṅgaṃ gahetabbaṃ. | This, sire, is the fourth quality of space that must be adopted. | This, O king, is the fourth quality of space he ought to have. | Это четвертое качество, государь, что следует взять у пространства. | |
| "Puna caparaṃ, mahārāja, ākāso alaggo asatto appatiṭṭhito apalibuddho, evameva kho, mahārāja, yoginā yogāvacarena kule gaṇe lābhe āvāse palibodhe paccaye sabbakilesesu ca sabbattha alaggena bhavitabbaṃ, anāsattena appatiṭṭhitena apalibuddhena bhavitabbaṃ. | “And again, sire, space does not hang on to, is not taken hold of by, does not repose on and is unimpeded by (anything); even so, sire, the one who is devoted to mental training must in all circumstances be one who does not hang on to a family, a group, a gain, a residence, an impediment, a requisite (of a monk’s life), or any of the defilements; he must be one who is not taken hold of, does not repose on, and is not impeded (by them). | ‘And again, O king, as space does not hang on to anything, does not cling to anything, does not rest on anything, is not stopped by anything; just so, O king, should the strenuous Bhikshu, earnest in effort, neither in any way depend on, nor cling to, nor rest on, nor be hindered by either the families that minister to him, or the pupils who resort to him, or the support he receives, or the dwelling he occupies, or any obstacles to the religious life, or any requisites that he may want, or any kind of evil inclination. | Далее, государь, пространство ни к чему не льнет, ни с чем не связано, ни на чем не основано, ничем не спутано. Вот точно так же, государь, и занимающемуся йогой йогу ни к семье, ни к окружению, ни к прибыли, ни к жилью, ни к помехам, ни к личным вещам – ни к чему не следует льнуть, ни с чем не следует связываться, ни на чем не следует основываться, ничем не следует опутываться. | |
| Idaṃ, mahārāja, ākāsassa pañcamaṃ aṅgaṃ gahetabbaṃ. | This, sire, is the fifth quality of space that must be adopted.” | This, O king, is the fifth quality of space he ought to have. | Это пятое качество, государь, что следует взять у пространства. | |
| Bhāsitampetaṃ, mahārāja, bhagavatā devātidevena sakaṃ puttaṃ rāhulaṃ ovadantena – 'seyyathāpi, rāhula [ma. ni. 2.119], ākāso na katthaci patiṭṭhito, evameva kho tvaṃ, rāhula, ākāsasamaṃ bhāvanaṃ bhāvehi, ākāsasamaṃ hi te, rāhula, bhāvanaṃ bhāvayato uppannā manāpāmanāpā phassā cittaṃ pariyādāya ṭhassantī"'ti. | For it was said, O king, by the Blessed One, the god over all gods, in his exhortation to Rāhula, his son: “Just, Rāhula, as space rests nowhere on anything, so shouldst thou practise thyself in that meditation which is like space. Thereby shall neither pleasant nor unpleasant sensations, as they severally arise, bear sway over thy heart.” ’ | Ведь есть, государь, изречение Блаженного, бога богов, в котором он наставляет своего сына Рахулу: «Пространство ни на чем не основывается, Рахула. Вот и ты, Рахула, осваивай уподобление мысли пространству. Если ты будешь осваивать уподобление пространству, то никакие возникающие соприкосновения, приятные или неприятные, не смогут овладеть твоею мыслью»867. | ||
| Ākāsaṅgapañho chaṭṭho. | ||||
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7. Candaṅgapañho Таблица Палийский оригинал |
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| 7."Bhante nāgasena, 'candassa pañca aṅgāni gahetabbānī'ti yaṃ vadesi, katamāni tāni pañca aṅgāni gahetabbānī"ti? | “Revered Nāgasena, when you say five qualities of the moon must be adopted, which are these five qualities that must be adopted? | ‘Venerable Nāgasena, those five qualities of the moon which you say he ought to have, which are they?’ | 27. Почтенный Нагасена, ты сказал, что следует взять пять качеств месяца. Каковы эти пять качеств? | |
| "Yathā, mahārāja, cando sukkapakkhe udayanto uttaruttariṃ vaḍḍhati, evameva kho, mahārāja, yoginā yogāvacarena ācārasīlaguṇavattappaṭipattiyā āgamādhigame paṭisallāne satipaṭṭhāne indriyesu guttadvāratāya bhojane mattaññutāya jāgariyānuyoge uttaruttariṃ vaḍḍhitabbaṃ. | “As, sire, the moon, rising in the bright fortnight, waxes more and more, even so, sire, the one who is devoted to mental training must grow more and more in good conduct, morality, the special qualities, the practice of the duties, in the tradition and spiritual realization, in solitary meditation, in the foundations of mindfulness, in guarding the doors of the sense faculties, in moderation in eating, and in intentness on watchfulness. | ‘Just, O king, as the moon, rising in the bright fortnight, waxes more and more; just so, O king, should the strenuous Bhikshu, earnest in effort, grow more and more in good conduct and righteousness and virtue and the constant performance of duty, and in knowledge of the scriptures and study, and in the habit of retirement, and in self-possession, and in keeping the doors of his senses guarded, and in moderation in food, and in the practice of vigils. | – Во-первых, государь, восходя в светлые пятнадцать дней после новолуния, месяц все растет и растет. Вот точно так же, государь, и у занимающегося йогой йога достоинства правильного, должного нравственного поведения, учености и освоения, уединенного созерцания, постановок памятования, стережения шести проходов, знания меры в еде, преданности бодрствованию должны все возрастать и возрастать. | |
| Idaṃ, mahārāja, candassa paṭhamaṃ aṅgaṃ gahetabbaṃ. | This, sire, is the first quality of the moon that must be adopted. | This, O king, is the first quality of the moon he ought to have. | Это первое качество, государь, что следует взять у месяца. | |
| "Puna caparaṃ, mahārāja, cando uḷārādhipati, evameva kho, mahārāja, yoginā yogāvacarena uḷārena chandādhipatinā bhavitabbaṃ. | “And again, sire, the moon is a mighty ruler; even so, sire, the one who is devoted to mental training must be a mighty ruler over desire. | ‘And again, O king, as the moon is a mighty lord ; just so, O king, should the strenuous Bhikshu, earnest in effort, be a mighty lord over his own will. | Далее, государь, месяц – это могучий владыка. Вот точно так же, государь, и занимающемуся йогой йогу следует быть могучим владыкой своих хотений. | |
| Idaṃ, mahārāja, candassa dutiyaṃ aṅgaṃ gahetabbaṃ. | This, sire, is the second quality of the moon that must be adopted. | This, O king, is the second quality of the moon he ought to have. | Это второе качество, государь, что следует взять у месяца. | |
| "Puna caparaṃ, mahārāja, cando nisāya carati, evameva kho, mahārāja, yoginā yogāvacarena pavivittena bhavitabbaṃ. | “And again, sire, the moon moves at night; even so, sire, the one who is devoted to mental training must be aloof. | ‘And again, O king, as the moon wanders at night; just so, O king, should the strenuous Bhikshu, earnest in effort, be given to solitude. | Далее, государь, месяц странствует по небу ночью. Вот точно так же, государь, и занимающемуся йогой йогу следует пребывать в уединении. | |
| Idaṃ, mahārāja, candassa tatiyaṃ aṅgaṃ gahetabbaṃ. | This, sire, is the third quality of the moon that must be adopted. | This, O king, is the third quality of the moon he ought to have. | Это третье качество, государь, что следует взять у месяца. | |
| "Puna caparaṃ, mahārāja, cando vimānaketu, evameva kho, mahārāja, yoginā yogāvacarena sīlaketunā bhavitabbaṃ. | “And again, sire, the moon has his mansion as his banner; even so, sire, must the one who is devoted to mental training have morality as his banner. | ‘And again, O king, as the moon hoists a standard over his mansion; just so, O king, should the strenuous Bhikshu, earnest in effort, hoist the standard of righteousness. | Далее, государь, над небесным дворцом месяца возвышается стяг. Вот точно так же, государь, и занимающемуся йогой йогу следует иметь свой стяг – нравственность. | |
| Idaṃ, mahārāja, candassa catutthaṃ aṅgaṃ gahetabbaṃ. | This, sire, is the fourth quality of the moon that must be adopted. | This, O king, is the fourth quality of the moon he ought to have. | Это четвертое качество, государь, что следует взять у месяца. | |
| "Puna caparaṃ, mahārāja, cando āyācitapatthito udeti, evameva kho, mahārāja, yoginā yogāvacarena āyācitapatthitena kulāni upasaṅkamitabbāni. | “And again, sire, the moon rises as promised and desired; even so, sire, must the one who is devoted to mental training visit families as promised and desired. | ‘And again, O king, as the moon rises when begged and prayed to do so; just so, O king, should the strenuous Bhikshu, earnest in effort, frequent for alms those families who have asked and invited him to do so. | Далее, государь, месяц восходит, когда его просят и ждут. Вот точно так же, государь, и занимающемуся йогой йогу следует приходить в дома, куда его просят прийти и где ждут. | |
| Idaṃ, mahārāja, candassa pañcamaṃ aṅgaṃ gahetabbaṃ. | This, sire, is the fifth quality of the moon that must be adopted.” | This, O king, is the fifth quality of the moon he ought to have. | Это пятое качество, государь, что следует взять у месяца. | |
| Bhāsitampetaṃ, mahārāja, bhagavatā devātidevena saṃyuttanikāyavare 'candūpamā, bhikkhave, kulāni upasaṅkamatha, apakasseva kāyaṃ apakassa cittaṃ niccanavakā kulesu appagabbhā"'ti [appagabbāti (ka.) saṃ. ni. 2.146]. | For it was said, O king, by the Blessed One, the god over all gods, in the most excellent Saṁyutta Nikāya “Like the moon, O brethren, let your visits be paid to the laity. Drawing back alike in outward demeanour and in inward spirit, be ye always, as strangers on their first visit, retiring in the presence of the laity. [As the man who looks down a deep well, or a mountain precipice, or a river in flood, would be abashed alike in body and in mind; so be ye, O brethren, as the moon in your visits to the laity. Holding alike in your outward demeanour and your inward spirit, be ye alway, as strangers on their first visit, retiring in the presence of the laity].” ’ | Ведь есть, государь, в превосходном Своде связок изречение Блаженного, бога богов: «Будьте, монахи, подобны месяцу, когда приходите в дома мирян, сдержите тело, сдержите мысль, всегда будьте в домах, как новички, не заноситесь»868. | ||
| Candaṅgapañho sattamo. | ||||
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8. Sūriyaṅgapañho Таблица Палийский оригинал |
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| 8."Bhante nāgasena, 'sūriyassa [suriyassa (sī. syā. pī.)] satta aṅgāni gahetabbānī'ti yaṃ vadesi, katamāni tāni satta aṅgāni gahetabbānī"ti? | “Revered Nāgasena, when you say seven qualities of the sun must be adopted, which are these seven qualities that must be adopted? | ‘Venerable Nāgasena, the seven qualities of the sun you say he ought to have, which are they?’ | 28. Почтенный Нагасена, ты сказал, что следует взять семь качеств солнца. Каковы эти семь качеств? | |
| "Yathā, mahārāja, sūriyo sabbaṃ udakaṃ parisoseti, evameva kho, mahārāja, yoginā yogāvacarena sabbakilesā anavasesaṃ parisosetabbā. | “As, sire, the sun causes all water to dry up, even so, sire, the one who is devoted to mental training must cause all the defilements to dry up completely. | ‘Just, O king, as the sun evaporates all water; just so, O king, should the strenuous Bhikshu, earnest in effort, cause all evil inclinations, without any exception, to dry up within him. | – Во-первых, государь, солнце высушивает всякую влагу. Вот точно так же, государь, и занимающемуся йогой йогу следует без остатка иссушить все аффекты. | |
| Idaṃ, mahārāja, sūriyassa paṭhamaṃ aṅgaṃ gahetabbaṃ. | This, sire, is the first quality of the sun that must be adopted. | This, O king, is the first quality of the sun he ought to have. | Это первое качество, государь, что следует взять у солнца. | |
| "Puna caparaṃ, mahārāja, sūriyo tamandhakāraṃ vidhamati, evameva kho, mahārāja, yoginā yogāvacarena sabbaṃ rāgatamaṃ dosatamaṃ mohatamaṃ mānatamaṃ diṭṭhitamaṃ kilesatamaṃ sabbaṃ duccaritatamaṃ vidhamayitabbaṃ. | “And again, sire, the sun dispels the darkness of the night; even so, sire, the one who is devoted to mental training must dispel the darkness of lust, the darkness of hatred, the darkness of delusion, the darkness of pride, the darkness of wrong view, the darkness of the defilements and the darkness of all misconduct. | ‘And again, O king, as the sun dispels the darkness; just so, O king, should the strenuous Bhikshu, earnest in effort, dispel all the darkness of lust, and of anger, and of dullness, and of pride, and of heresy, and of evil, and of all unrighteousness. | Далее, государь, солнце рассеивает непроглядную тьму. Вот точно так же, государь, и занимающемуся йогой йогу следует рассеять всяческую тьму страсти, тьму враждебности, тьму заблуждения, тьму лжемудрия, тьму гордости, тьму аффектов, тьму любых дурных поступков. | |
| Idaṃ, mahārāja, sūriyassa dutiyaṃ aṅgaṃ gahetabbaṃ. | This, sire, is the second quality of the sun that must be adopted. | This, O king, is the second quality of the sun he ought to have. | Это второе качество, государь, что следует взять у солнца. | |
| "Puna caparaṃ, mahārāja, sūriyo abhikkhaṇaṃ carati, evameva kho, mahārāja, yoginā yogāvacarena abhikkhaṇaṃ yoniso manasikāro kātabbo. | “And again, sire, the sun moves constantly; even so, sire, the one who is devoted to mental training must pay proper attention constantly. | ‘And again, O king, as the sun is always in motion; just so, O king, should the strenuous Bhikshu, earnest in effort, be ever thoughtful. | Далее, государь, солнце всегда в движении. Вот точно так же, государь, и занимающемуся йогой йогу следует всегда быть подлинно внимательным. | |
| Idaṃ, mahārāja, sūriyassa tatiyaṃ aṅgaṃ gahetabbaṃ. | This, sire, is the third quality of the sun that must be adopted. | This, O king, is the third quality of the sun he ought to have. | Это третье качество, государь, что следует взять у солнца. | |
| "Puna caparaṃ, mahārāja, sūriyo raṃsimālī, evameva kho, mahārāja, yoginā yogāvacarena ārammaṇamālinā bhavitabbaṃ. | “And again, sire, the sun has a halo of rays; even so, sire, the one who is devoted to mental training must be one who has a halo of objective supports (for meditation). | ‘And again, O king, as the sun has a halo of rays; just so, O king, should the strenuous Bhikshu, earnest in effort, have a halo of meditation. | Далее, государь, солнце всегда в венце своих лучей. Вот точно так же, государь, и занимающемуся йогой йогу следует быть в венце опор созерцания. | |
| Idaṃ, mahārāja, sūriyassa catutthaṃ aṅgaṃ gahetabbaṃ. | This, sire, is the fourth quality of the sun that must be adopted. | This, O king, is the fourth quality of the sun he ought to have. | Это четвертое качество, государь, что следует взять у солнца. | |
| "Puna caparaṃ, mahārāja, sūriyo mahājanakāyaṃ santāpento carati, evameva kho, mahārāja, yoginā yogāvacarena ācārasīlaguṇavattappaṭipattiyā jhānavimokkhasamādhisamāpattiindriyabalabojjhaṅgasatipaṭṭhānasammappadhānaiddhipādehi sadevako loko santāpayitabbo. | “And again, sire, the sun moves about warming a great body of people; even so, sire, the one who is devoted to mental training must warm the world with good conduct, morality, the special qualities, the practice of the duties, with meditation, the deliverances, concentration, the attainments, the spiritual faculties, the powers, the factors of enlightenment, the foundations of mindfulness, the right efforts and the bases of psychic power. | ‘And again, O king, as the sun continually warms multitudes of people; just so, O king, should the strenuous Bhikshu, earnest in effort, rejoice the whole world of gods and men with good conduct, and righteousness, and virtue , and the performance of duty, and with the Ghānas, and the Vimokkhas, and Samādhi, and the Samāpattis (various modes of transcendental meditation or ecstacy), and with the five moral powers, and the seven kinds of wisdom, and the four modes of being mindful and self-possessed, and the fourfold great struggle against evil, and the pursuit of the four roads to saintship. | Далее, государь, солнце движется, согревая великое множество людей. Вот точно так же, государь, и занимающемуся йогой йогу следует своим нравственным, достойным, должным поведением, созерцаниями, развязками, сосредоточениями, звеньями просветления, постановками памятования, истинными начинаниями, основами сверхобычных сил согревать весь мир с богами. | |
| Idaṃ, mahārāja, sūriyassa pañcamaṃ aṅgaṃ gahetabbaṃ. | This, sire, is the fifth quality of the sun that must be adopted. | This, O king, is the fifth quality of the sun he ought to have. | Это пятое качество, государь, что следует взять у солнца. | |
| "Puna caparaṃ, mahārāja, sūriyo rāhubhayā bhīto carati, evameva kho, mahārāja, yoginā yogāvacarena duccaritaduggativisamakantāravipākavinipātakilesajālajaṭite diṭṭhisaṅghāṭapaṭimukke kupathapakkhande kummaggapaṭipanne [kumaggapaṭipanne (syā. ka.)] satte disvā mahatā saṃvegabhayena mānasaṃ saṃvejetabbaṃ. | “And again, sire, the sun moves about terrified of Rāhu, the monster of the eclipse; even so, sire, the one who is devoted to mental training must be strongly stirred in his mind with a great stirring fear when he sees beings entangled in the net of the defilements, in the Downfall, and in the fruition of the lawless wilderness of bad conduct and bad destinations, who are fastened to a mass of false views, have taken a wrong path and are following the wrong way. | ‘And again, O king, as the sun is terrified with the fear of Rāhu (the demon of eclipses); just so, O king, should the strenuous Bhikshu, earnest in effort, seeing how beings are entangled in the waste wildernesses of evil life and rebirth in states of woe, caught in the net of the mournful results here of evil done in former births, or of punishment in purgatory, or of evil inclinations, terrify his mind with a great anxiety and fear. | Далее, государь, солнце в страхе бежит от асура Раху869. Вот точно так же, государь, и занимающемуся йогой йогу следует при виде застрявших в зарослях-аффектах, попавших из-за своих дурных поступков, плод которых – преисподняя, в губительную пустыню дурных уделов, придавленных под бременем дурных воззрений, застрявших на неверном пути, идущих дурною стезей существ ужаснуться в своем уме великим ужасом. | |
| Idaṃ, mahārāja, sūriyassa chaṭṭhaṃ aṅgaṃ gahetabbaṃ. | This, sire, is the sixth quality of the sun that must be adopted. | This, O king, is the sixth quality of the sun he ought to have. | Это шестое качество, государь, что следует взять у солнца. | |
| "Puna caparaṃ, mahārāja, sūriyo kalyāṇapāpake dasseti, evameva kho, mahārāja, yoginā yogāvacarena indriyabalabojjhaṅgasatipaṭṭhānasammappadhānaiddhipādalokiyalokuttaradhammā dassetabbā. | “And again, sire, the sun makes manifest what is good and what is evil; even so, sire, the one who is devoted to mental training must make manifest the spiritual faculties, the powers, the factors of enlightenment, the foundations of mindfulness, the right efforts, the bases of psychic power, and mundane and supramundane states. | ‘And again, O king, as the sun makes manifest the evil and the good; just so, O king, should the strenuous Bhikshu, earnest in effort, make manifest The moral powers, and the kinds of wisdom, and the modes of being mindful and self-possessed, and the struggle against evil, and the paths to saintship, and all qualities temporal and spiritual. | Далее, государь, солнце простирает свет на благое и дурное. Вот точно так же, государь, и занимающемуся йогой йогу следует простереть свет йогических орудий, сил, постановок памятования, истинных начинаний, основ сверхобычных сил, благих мирских и сверхмирских дхарм. | |
| Idaṃ, mahārāja, sūriyassa sattamaṃ aṅgaṃ gahetabbaṃ. | This, sire, is the seventh quality of the sun that must be adopted.” | This, O king, is the seventh quality of the sun he ought to have. | Это седьмое качество, государь, что следует взять у солнца. | |
| Bhāsitampetaṃ, mahārāja, therena vaṅgīsena – | For it was said, O king, by Vaṅgīsa, the Elder: | Ведь есть, государь, изречение тхеры Вангиши870: | ||
| "'Yathāpi sūriyo udayanto, rūpaṃ dasseti pāṇinaṃ; | “As the rising sun makes plain to all that live | «Как солнце восходящее Живым являет образы | ||
| Suciñca asuciñcāpi, kalyāṇañcāpi pāpakaṃ. | Forms pure and impure, forms both good and bad, | Нечистые и чистые, Благие и греховные, | ||
| "'Tathā bhikkhu dhammadharo, avijjāpihitaṃ janaṃ; | So should the Bhikshu, to men, in ignorance blind, | Так и знаток Учения Всем людям, тьмой окутанным, | ||
| Pathaṃ dasseti vividhaṃ, ādiccovudayaṃ yathā"'ti. | Make manifest The many-sided Noble Path of bliss Bearing the scriptures ever in his mind like the rising orb” ’ | Пути являет многие, Как солнце восходящее»871. | ||
| Sūriyaṅgapañho aṭṭhamo. | ||||
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9. Sakkaṅgapañho Таблица Палийский оригинал |
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| 9."Bhante nāgasena, 'sakkassa tīṇi aṅgāni gahetabbānī'ti yaṃ vadesi, katamāni tāni tīṇi aṅgāni gahetabbānī"ti? | ‘Venerable Nāgasena, the three qualities of Sakka (the king of the gods) which you say he ought to take, which are they?’ | 29. Почтенный Нагасена, ты сказал, что следует взять три качества Шакры. Каковы эти три качества? | ||
| "Yathā, mahārāja, sakko ekantasukhasamappito, evameva kho, mahārāja, yoginā yogāvacarena ekantapavivekasukhābhiratena bhavitabbaṃ. | ‘Just, O king, as Sakka enjoys perfect bliss; just so, O king, should the strenuous Bhikshu, earnest in effort, rejoice in the perfect bliss of retirement. | – Во-первых, государь, Шакра наслаждается полным счастьем. Вот точно так же, государь, и занимающемуся йогой йогу следует радоваться счастью полного уединения. | ||
| Idaṃ, mahārāja, sakkassa paṭhamaṃ aṅgaṃ gahetabbaṃ. | This, O king, is the first quality of Sakka he ought to have. | Это первое качество, государь, что следует взять у Шакры. | ||
| "Puna caparaṃ, mahārāja, sakko deve disvā paggaṇhāti, hāsamabhijaneti, evameva kho, mahārāja, yoginā yogāvacarena kusalesu dhammesu alīnamatanditaṃ santaṃ mānasaṃ paggahetabbaṃ, hāsamabhijanetabbaṃ, uṭṭhahitabbaṃ ghaṭitabbaṃ vāyamitabbaṃ. | ‘And again, O king, as when Sakka when he sees his gods around him keeps them in his favour, fills them with joy; just so, O king, should the strenuous Bhikshu, earnest in effort, keep his mind detached, alert, and tranquil, should make joy spring up within him, should rouse himself, exert himself, be full of zeal. | Далее, государь, когда Шакра видит небожителей, он привлекает их к своему двору и радуется этому. Вот точно так же, государь, и занимающемуся йогой йогу следует без вялости и лени привлекать к своему спокойному уму благие дхармы, радоваться этому, деятельно для этого стараться и прилагать усилия. | ||
| Idaṃ, mahārāja, sakkassa dutiyaṃ aṅgaṃ gahetabbaṃ. | This, O king is the second quality of Sakka he ought to have. | Это второе качество, государь, что следует взять у Шакры. | ||
| "Puna caparaṃ, mahārāja, sakkassa anabhirati nuppajjati, evameva kho, mahārāja, yoginā yogāvacarena suññāgāre anabhirati na uppādetabbā. | ‘And again, O king, as Sakka feels no discontent; just so, O king, should the strenuous Bhikshu, earnest in effort, never allow himself to become discontented with solitude. | Далее, государь, у Шакры не бывает неудовлетворенности. Вот точно так же, государь, и у занимающегося йогой йога не должна в пустой горнице возникать неудовлетворенность. | ||
| Idaṃ, mahārāja, sakkassa tatiyaṃ aṅgaṃ gahetabbaṃ. | This, O king, is the third quality of Sakka he ought to have. | Это третье качество, государь, что следует взять у Шакры. | ||
| Bhāsitampetaṃ, mahārāja, therena subhūtinā – | For it was said, O king, by Subhūti, the Elder: | Ведь есть, государь, изречение тхеры Субхутия: | ||
| "'Sāsane te mahāvīra, yato pabbajito ahaṃ; | “Since I, great hero, have renounced the world, According to the doctrine that you teach, | «Великий муж! С тех самых пор, Как пострижение я принял, | ||
| Nābhijānāmi uppannaṃ, mānasaṃ kāmasaṃhita"'nti. | I will not grant that any thought of lust Or craving care has risen in my breast.” ’ | Мой ум всегда свободен был От помышлений об усладах». | ||
| Sakkaṅgapañho navamo. | ||||
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10. Cakkavattiṅgapañho Таблица Палийский оригинал |
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| 10."Bhante nāgasena, 'cakkavattissa cattāri aṅgāni gahetabbānī'ti yaṃ vadesi, katamāni tāni cattāri aṅgāni gahetabbānī"ti? | Venerable Nāgasena, the four qualities of the sovran overlord which you say he ought to take, which are they?’ | 30. Почтенный Нагасена, ты сказал, что следует взять четыре качества миродержца. Каковы эти четыре качества? | ||
| "Yathā, mahārāja, cakkavattī catūhi saṅgahavatthūhi janaṃ saṅgaṇhāti, evameva kho, mahārāja, yoginā yogāvacarena catassannaṃ parisānaṃ mānasaṃ saṅgahetabbaṃ anuggahetabbaṃ sampahaṃsetabbaṃ. | ‘Just, O king, as the sovran overlord gains the favour of the people by the four elements of popularity (liberality, affability, justice, and impartiality); just so, O king, should the strenuous Bhikshu, earnest in effort, find favour with, please, and gladden the hearts of the brethren and rulers of the Order and the laity of either sex. | – Во-первых, государь, миродержец располагает к себе людей четырьмя вызывающими расположение достоинствами872. Вот точно так же, государь, и занимающемуся йогой йогу следует расположить к себе четыре общности людей, привечать их и вдохновлять. | ||
| Idaṃ, mahārāja, cakkavattissa paṭhamaṃ aṅgaṃ gahetabbaṃ. | This, O king, is the quality of the sovran overlord he ought to have. | Это первое качество, государь, что следует взять у миродержца. | ||
| "Puna caparaṃ, mahārāja, cakkavattissa vijite corā na uṭṭhahanti, evameva kho, mahārāja, yoginā yogāvacarena kāmarāgabyāpādavihiṃsāvitakkā na uppādetabbā. | ‘And again, O king, as the sovran overlord allows no robber bands to form in his realm; just so, O king, should the strenuous Bhikshu, earnest in effort, never allow lustful or angry or cruel ideas to arise within him. | Далее, государь, в подвластных миродержцу пределах не бывает грабителей. Вот точно так же, государь, и занимающемуся йогой йогу не следует допускать возникновения страстно-похотных, враждебных и вредительских помыслов. | ||
| Idaṃ, mahārāja, cakkavattissa dutiyaṃ aṅgaṃ gahetabbaṃ. | This, O king, is the second quality of the sovran overlord he ought to have. | Это второе качество, государь, что следует взять у миродержца. | ||
| Bhāsitampetaṃ, mahārāja, bhagavatā devātidevena – | For it was said, O king, by the Blessed One, the god over all gods: | Ведь есть, государь, изречение Блаженного, бога богов: | ||
| "'Vitakkūpasame ca yo rato, asubhaṃ bhāvayate [bhāvayatī (syā.) dha. pa. 350 dhammapade] sadā sato; | “The man who takes delight in the suppression Of evil thoughts, and alway self-possessed, Reflects on the impurity of things The world thinks beautiful, he will remove— | «Кто рад успокоенью помыслов, Кто созерцает омерзительность – | ||
| Esa kho byantikāhiti, esa checchati mārabandhana'nti. | Nay, cleave in twain, the bonds of the Evil One.” | Вот кто конец положит тяготам И узы Мары разорвет»873. | ||
| "Puna caparaṃ, mahārāja, cakkavattī divase divase samuddapariyantaṃ mahāpathaviṃ anuyāyati kalyāṇapāpakāni vicinamāno, evameva kho, mahārāja, yoginā yogāvacarena kāyakammaṃ vacīkammaṃ manokammaṃ divase divase paccavekkhitabbaṃ 'kiṃ nu kho me imehi tīhi ṭhānehi anupavajjassa divaso vītivattatī'ti. | ‘And again, O king, as the sovran overlord travels through the whole world even to its ocean boundary, examining into the evil and the good; just so, O king, should the strenuous Bhikshu, earnest in effort, examine himself day by day as to his acts and words and thoughts, saying to himself: “How may I pass the day blameless in these three directions?” | Далее, государь, миродержец объезжает каждый день всю великую землю, омываемую океанскими водами, и проверяет сам, что хорошо и что дурно. Вот точно так же, государь, и занимающемуся йогой йогу каждый день следует подумать и осознать свои телесные деяния, словесные деяния и умные деяния: проверить, все ли его деяния этих трех видов были в тот день безупречны. | ||
| Idaṃ, mahārāja, cakkavattissa tatiyaṃ aṅgaṃ gahetabbaṃ. | This, O king, is the third quality of the sovran overlord he ought to have. | Это третье качество, государь, что следует взять у миродержца. | ||
| Bhāsitampetaṃ, mahārāja, bhagavatā devātidevena aṅguttaranikāyavare – | For it was said, O king, by the Blessed One, the god over all gods, in the most excellent Ekuttara Nikāya: | Ведь есть, государь, в превосходном Численно-упорядоченном Своде изречение Блаженного, бога богов: | ||
| 'Kathambhūtassa me rattindivā vītivattantīti [vītipatantīti (sī. pī.)] pabbajitena abhiṇhaṃ paccavekkhitabba'nti. | “With constant care should the recluse Himself examine day by day— ’As days and nights pass quickly by How have they found me? and how left?’ ” | «Подвижник постоянно должен думать и осознавать: «Каков же я был за прошедшие день и ночь?»874. | ||
| "Puna caparaṃ, mahārāja, cakkavattissa abbhantarabāhirārakkhā susaṃvihitā hoti, evameva kho, mahārāja, yoginā yogāvacarena abbhantarānaṃ bāhirānaṃ kilesānaṃ ārakkhāya satidovāriko ṭhapetabbo. | ‘And again, O king, as the sovran overlord is completely provided with protection, both within and without; just so, O king, should the strenuous Bhikshu, earnest in effort, keep self-possession as his door-keeper for a protection against all evil, subjective and objective. | Далее, государь, у миродержца защита и от внешних и от внутренних врагов всегда надежна. Вот точно так же, государь, и занимающемуся йогой йогу следует для защиты от внешних и внутренних аффектов выставить привратника – памятование. | ||
| Idaṃ, mahārāja, cakkavattissa catutthaṃ aṅgaṃ gahetabbaṃ. | This, O king, is the fourth quality of the sovran overlord he ought to have. | Это четвертое качество, государь, что следует взять у миродержца. | ||
| Bhāsitampetaṃ, mahārāja, bhagavatā devātidevena – | For it was said, O king, by the Blessed One, the god over all gods: | Ведь есть, государь, изречение Блаженного, бога богов: | ||
| 'Satidovāriko, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako akusalaṃ pajahati kusalaṃ bhāveti, sāvajjaṃ pajahati, anavajjaṃ bhāveti, suddhamattānaṃ pariharatī"'ti. | “With self-possession as his door-keeper, O brethren, the disciple of the noble ones puts away evil and devotes himself to goodness, puts away what is matter of offence and devotes himself to blamelessness, preserves himself in purity of life.” ’ | «Имея привратником памятование, о монахи, арийский слушатель отбрасывает неблагое, осваивает благое, отбрасывает зазорное, осваивает незазорное, блюдет себя в чистоте»875. | ||
| Cakkavattiṅgapañho dasamo. | ||||
| Pathavīvaggo tatiyo. | Here ends the Third Chapter. | Третья глава закончена. | ||
| Tassuddānaṃ – | Памятка: | |||
| Pathavī āpo ca tejo ca, vāyo ca pabbatena ca; | Земля, вода, огонь и ветер, Скала, | |||
| Ākāso candasūriyo ca, sakko ca cakkavattināti. | пространство и луна, Солнце, Шакра, миродержец. | |||