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СНп 1.6 Наставление об упадке Перевод Палийский оригинал
| пали | Kennet Norman - english | Narada thera - english | Piyadassi thera - english | khantibalo - русский | Комментарии |
| Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. | Thus have I heard. Once the Blessed One was staying at Savatthi, in the Jetavana in Anathapindika's park. | Thus have I heard. Once the Exalted One was dwelling at Anathapindika's monastery, in the Jeta Grove, near Savatthi. | Thus have I heard: On one occasion the Blessed One was living near Savatthi, at Jetavana, at Anathapindika's monastery. | Так я слышал: однажды Благословенный находился в Саваттхи, в роще [принца] Джеты, в монастыре Анатхапиндики. | |
| Atha kho aññatarā devatā abhikkantāya rattiyā abhikkantavaṇṇā kevalakappaṃ jetavanaṃ obhāsetvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. | Then, as night was passing away, a deity of surpassing radiance, illuminating the whole Jetavana, came up to the Blessed One and stood on one side after saluting him. | Now when the night was far spent a certain deity whose surpassing splendor illuminated the entire Jeta Grove, came to the presence of the Exalted One and, drawing near, respectfully saluted Him and stood at one side. | Now when the night was far advanced, a certain deity, whose surpassing radiance illuminated the whole of Jetavana, came to the presence of the Blessed One, respectfully saluted him, and stood beside him. | И вот однажды, когда ночь была почти на исходе одно божество явилось в рощу Джеты, и, осветив всю её своим великолепным сиянием, подошло к Благословенному. Подойдя, оно выразило почтение Благословенному и встало в одной стороне. | |
| Ekamantaṃ ṭhitā kho sā devatā bhagavantaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi – | Standing there that deity addressed the Blessed One with a verse. | Standing thus, he addressed the Exalted One in verse: | Standing thus he addressed the Blessed One in verse: | Стоя в одной стороне оно обратилось к Благословенному стихами: | |
| 91. | |||||
| "Parābhavantaṃ purisaṃ, mayaṃ pucchāma gotama [gotamaṃ (sī. syā.)] ; | 91. we ask Gotama about the unsuccessful man. | The Deity: we ask thee, O Gotama, about man's decline. | [The Deity:] 1. About the declining man we question thee, Gotama. | Мы спрашиваем вас, о Готама, о человеке, приходящем в упадок. | |
| Bhagavantaṃ [bhavantaṃ (syā. ka.)] puṭṭhumāgamma, kiṃ parābhavato mukhaṃ". | 91. 'Having come to ask the Blessed One. What is the cause of the unsuccessful [man] ?' | Having come here with our questions to the Exalted One, Pray, tell us the cause of downfall! | We have come to ask the Blessed One: What is the cause of his downfall? | Мы пришли спросить вас, – в чём причина его упадка? | |
| 92. | |||||
| "Suvijāno bhavaṃ hoti, suvijāno [duvijāno (syā. ka.)] parābhavo; | 92. 'The successful one is easy to know; the unsuccessful one is easy to know. | The Buddha: Easily known is the progressive one, easily known he who declines. | [The Buddha:] 2. Easily known is the progressive one, easily known is the declining one. | – Легко узнать процветающего, легко узнать и приходящего в упадок; | |
| Dhammakāmo bhavaṃ hoti, dhammadessī parābhavo". | The successful one loves the doctrine; the unsuccessful one hates the doctrine.' | He who loves Dhamma progresses; he who is averse to it, declines. | The lover of the Dhamma prospers. The hater of the Dhamma declines. | кто возлюбил учение [о благом], тот процветает, кто возненавидел его, тот терпит упадок. | |
| 93. | |||||
| "Iti hetaṃ vijānāma, paṭhamo so parābhavo; | 93. 'We know that to be so indeed; that is the first failure. | The Deity: Thus much do we see: this is the first cause of one's downfall. | 3. We understand this as explained (by thee); this is the first cause of his downfall. | – Мы понимаем, это действительно так, это первая причина упадка. | |
| Dutiyaṃ bhagavā brūhi, kiṃ parābhavato mukhaṃ". | Tell us the second one, Blessed One. What is the cause of the unsuccessful [man] ?' | Pray, tell us the second cause. [1] | Tell us the second, O Blessed One. What is the cause of his downfall? | О втором теперь поведайте нам, о Благословенный, – в чем причина его упадка? | |
| 94. | |||||
| "Asantassa piyā honti, sante na kurute piyaṃ; | 94. 'Bad men are dear to him; he does not hold good men dear. | The Buddha: The wicked are dear to him, with the virtuous he finds no delight, | 4. The vicious are dear to him. He likes not the virtuous; | – Порочные люди приятны ему, праведные же ему не приятны; | |
| Asataṃ dhammaṃ roceti, taṃ parābhavato mukhaṃ". | He approves of the bad men's [evil] doctrine. That is the cause of the unsuccessful [man]: | he prefers the creed of the wicked — this is a cause of one's downfall. | he approves the teachings of the ill-natured — this is the cause of his downfall. | он одобряет учение порочных – такова причина его упадка. | |
| 95. | |||||
| "Iti hetaṃ vijānāma, dutiyo so parābhavo; | 95. 'We know that to be so indeed; that is the second failure. | 5. We understand this as explained by thee; this is the second cause of his downfall. | – Мы понимаем, это действительно так, это вторая причина упадка. | ||
| Tatiyaṃ bhagavā brūhi, kiṃ parābhavato mukhaṃ". | Tell us the third one, Blessed One. What is the cause of the unsuccessful [man]?' | Tell us the third, O Blessed One. What is the cause of his downfall? | О третьем теперь поведайте нам, о Благословенный, – в чем причина его упадка? | ||
| 96. | |||||
| "Niddāsīlī sabhāsīlī, anuṭṭhātā ca yo naro; | 96. 'If any man is fond of sleep, fond of society, and does not exert himself, | Being fond of sleep, fond of company, indolent, | 6. The man who is fond of sleep and company, inactive | – Сонливый, любящий компании, не прилагающий усилий человек, |
Интересно как можно быть одновременно сонливым и любить компании? Все комментарии (1) |
| Alaso kodhapaññāṇo, taṃ parābhavato mukhaṃ". | [but] is lazy, and has anger as a characteristic that is the cause of the unsuccessful [man].' | lazy and irritable — this is a cause of one's downfall. | and lazy, and manifesting anger —this is the cause of his downfall. | ленивый и с присущим ему гневом - такова причина его упадка. | |
| 97. | |||||
| "Iti hetaṃ vijānāma, tatiyo so parābhavo; | 97. 'We know that to be so indeed; that is the third failure. | 7. We understand this as explained by thee; this is the third cause of his downfall. | – Мы понимаем, это действительно так, это третья причина упадка. | ||
| Catutthaṃ bhagavā brūhi, kiṃ parābhavato mukhaṃ". | Tell us the fourth one, Blessed One. What is the cause of the unsuccessful [man]?' | Tell us the fourth, O Blessed One. What is the cause of his downfall? | О четвёртом теперь поведайте нам, о Благословенный, – в чем причина его упадка? | ||
| 98. | |||||
| "Yo mātaraṃ [yo mātaraṃ vā (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)] pitaraṃ vā, jiṇṇakaṃ gatayobbanaṃ; | 98. 'If anyone, does not support his mother or father when they are old and past their youth, | not to support father and mother who are old and past their youth | 8. Whoever does not support his mother and father who are old, and past their prime | – Тот, кто мать или отца, состарившихся, чья молодость прошла, | |
| Pahu santo na bharati, taṃ parābhavato mukhaṃ". | [although] being able, that is the cause of the unsuccessful [man]. | Though being well-to-do, — this is a cause of one's downfall. | being affluent, — this is the cause of his downfall. | будучи способен, не поддерживает – такова причина его упадка. | |
| 99. | |||||
| "Iti hetaṃ vijānāma, catuttho so parābhavo; | 99. 'We know that to be so indeed; that is the fourth failure. | 9. We understand this as explained by thee; this is the fourth cause of his downfall. | – Мы понимаем, это действительно так, это четвёртая причина упадка. | ||
| Pañcamaṃ bhagavā brūhi, kiṃ parābhavato mukhaṃ". | Tell us the fifth one, Blessed One. What is the cause of the unsuccessful [man]?' | Tell us the fifth, O Blessed One. What is the cause of his downfall? | О пятом теперь поведайте нам, о Благословенный, – в чем причина его упадка? | ||
| 100. | |||||
| "Yo brāhmaṇaṃ [yo brāhmaṇaṃ vā (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)] samaṇaṃ vā, aññaṃ vāpi vanibbakaṃ; | 100. 'If anyone by speaking falsely deceives a brahman or ascetic or even another mendicant, | a brahman or ascetic or any other mendicant | 10. Whoever either a brahmana, or a samana (a holy man), or any other mendicant | – Тот, кто брахмана, отшельника или даже другого человека, живущего подаянием, | |
| Musāvādena vañceti, taṃ parābhavato mukhaṃ". | that is the cause of the unsuccessful [man]. | To deceive by falsehood — this is a cause of one's downfall. | by falsehood deceives — this is the cause of his downfall. | ложной речью обманывает – такова причина его упадка. | |
| 101. | |||||
| "Iti hetaṃ vijānāma, pañcamo so parābhavo; | 101 . 'We know that to be so indeed; that is the fifth failure. | 11. We understand this as explained by thee; this is the fifth cause of his downfall. | – Мы понимаем, это действительно так, это пятая причина упадка. | ||
| Chaṭṭhamaṃ bhagavā brūhi, kiṃ parābhavato mukhaṃ". | Tell us the sixth one, Blessed One. What is the cause of the unsuccessful [man]?' | Tell us the six, O Blessed One. What is the cause of his downfall? | О шестом теперь поведайте нам, о Благословенный, – в чем причина его упадка? | ||
| 102. | |||||
| "Pahūtavitto puriso, sahirañño sabhojano; | 102. 'A man with abundant wealth, having gold [and] food, | To have much wealth and ample gold and food, | 12. The person who is possessed of much wealth, who has gold, and who has an abundance of food, | – Человек со многими богатствами, обладает золотом и пищей, | |
| Eko bhuñjati sādūni, taṃ parābhavato mukhaṃ". | enjoys his dainties alone. That is the cause of the unsuccessful [man].' | but to enjoy one's luxuries alone — this is a cause of one's downfall. | but enjoys his delicacies all by himself — this is the cause of his downfall. | но он ест лакомства один – такова причина его упадка. | |
| 103. | |||||
| "Iti hetaṃ vijānāma, chaṭṭhamo so parābhavo; | 103. 'We know that to be so indeed; that is the sixth failure. | 13. We understand this as explained by thee; this is the sixth cause of his downfall. | – Мы понимаем, это действительно так, это шестая причина упадка. | ||
| Sattamaṃ bhagavā brūhi, kiṃ parābhavato mukhaṃ". | Tell us the seventh one, Blessed One. What is the cause of the unsuccessful man? | Tell us the seventh, O Blessed One. What is the cause of his downfall? | О седьмом теперь поведайте нам, о Благословенный, – в чем причина его упадка? | ||
| 104. | |||||
| "Jātitthaddho dhanatthaddho, gottatthaddho ca yo naro; | 'If any man, being haughty because of his birth, wealth, and clan, | To be proud of birth, of wealth or clan, | 14. The man who, proud of his birth, of his wealth, and of his clan, | – Тот человек, который гордится своим происхождением, богатством и родом, | |
| Saññātiṃ atimaññeti, taṃ parābhavato mukhaṃ". | despises his own relative, this is the cause of the unsuccessful [man].' | and to despise one's own kinsmen — this is a cause of one's downfall. | despises his relations — this is the cause of his downfall. | презирает своего родственника, – такова причина его упадка. | |
| 105. | |||||
| "Iti hetaṃ vijānāma, sattamo so parābhavo; | 105. 'We know that to be so indeed; that is the seventh failure. | 15. We understand this as explained by thee; this is the seventh cause of his downfall. | – Мы понимаем, это действительно так, это седьмая причина упадка. | ||
| Aṭṭhamaṃ bhagavā brūhi, kiṃ parābhavato mukhaṃ". | Tell us the eighth one, Blessed One. What is the cause of the unsuccessful [man] | Tell us the eighth, O Blessed One. What is the cause of his downfall? | О восьмом теперь поведайте нам, о Благословенный, – в чем причина его упадка? | ||
| 106. | |||||
| "Itthidhutto surādhutto, akkhadhutto ca yo naro; | 106. 'If any man; being a rogue with women, drink, and dice, | To be a rake, a drunkard, a gambler, | 16. The man who is addicted to women (given to a life of debauchery), is a drunkard, a gambler, | – Тот человек, кто пристрастился к женщинам, спиртным напиткам и азартным играм, | |
| Laddhaṃ laddhaṃ vināseti, taṃ parābhavato mukhaṃ". | squanders whatever he has received, that is the cause of the unsuccessful [man]. | and to squander all one earns — this is a cause of one's downfall. | and a squanderer of his earnings — this is the cause of his downfall. | всё приобретённое им расточает – такова причина его упадка. | |
| 107. | |||||
| "Iti hetaṃ vijānāma, aṭṭhamo so parābhavo; | 107. <20> 'We know that to be so indeed; that is the eighth failure. | 17. We understand this as explained by thee; this is the eighth cause of his downfall. | – Мы понимаем, это действительно так, это восьмая причина упадка. | ||
| Navamaṃ bhagavā brūhi, kiṃ parābhavato mukhaṃ". | Tell us the ninth one, Blessed One. What is the cause of the unsuccessful [man]?' | Tell us the ninth, O Blessed One. What is the cause of his downfall? | О девятом теперь поведайте нам, о Благословенный, – в чем причина его упадка? | ||
| 108. | |||||
| "Sehi dārehi asantuṭṭho [dārehyasantuṭṭho (ka.)], vesiyāsu padussati [padissati (sī.)] ; | 108. 'Being dissatisfied with his own wife, he is seen among prostitutes, | Not to be contented with one's own wife, and to be seen with harlots | 18. Not satisfied with one's own wives,[2] he is seen among the whores | – Тот, кто не довольствуется своими жёнами, кого видят в компании проституток | |
| Dussati [dissati (sī. pī.)] paradāresu, taṃ parābhavato mukhaṃ". | [and] he is seen among other men's wives. That is the cause of the unsuccessful [man].' | and the wives of others — this is a cause of one's downfall. | and the wives of others — this is the cause of his downfall. | и чужих жён – такова причина его упадка. | |
| 109. | |||||
| "Iti hetaṃ vijānāma, navamo so parābhavo; | 109. 'We know that to be so indeed; that is the ninth failure. | 19. We understand this as explained by thee; this is the ninth cause of his downfall. | – Мы понимаем, это действительно так, это девятая причина упадка. | ||
| Dasamaṃ bhagavā brūhi, kiṃ parābhavato mukhaṃ". | Tell us the tenth one, Blessed One. What is the cause of the unsuccessful [man]?' | Tell us the tenth, O Blessed One. What is the cause of his downfall? | О десятом теперь поведайте нам, о Благословенный, – в чем причина его упадка? | ||
| 110. | |||||
| "Atītayobbano poso, āneti timbarutthaniṃ; | 110 'A man past his youth brings home [a girl] with breasts like timbaru fruit. | Being past one's youth, to take a young wife | 20. A person past his youth takes as wife, a girl in her teens, | – Человек, чья молодость прошла, приводит в дом [девушку] с грудью как плод Тимбару |
Переводчики на англ. целомудренно переводят "молодую девушку" или даже девушку младше 20 лет. :-) Все комментарии (1) |
| Tassā issā na supati, taṃ parābhavato mukhaṃ". | He cannot sleep for jealousy of her. That is the cause of the unsuccessful [man].' | and to be unable to sleep for jealousy of her — this is a cause of one's downfall. | and sleeps not being jealous of her[3] — this is the cause of his downfall. | и не спит из ревности к ней – такова причина его упадка. | |
| 111. | |||||
| "Iti hetaṃ vijānāma, dasamo so parābhavo; | 111. 'We know that to be so indeed; that is the tenth failure. | 21. We understand this as explained by thee; this is the tenth cause of his downfall. | – Мы понимаем, это действительно так, это десятая причина упадка. | ||
| Ekādasamaṃ bhagavā brūhi, kiṃ parābhavato mukhaṃ". | Tell us the eleventh one, Blessed One. What is the cause of the unsuccessful [man]?' | Tell us the eleventh, O Blessed One. What is the cause of his downfall? | Об одиннадцатом теперь поведайте нам, о Благословенный, – в чем причина его упадка? | ||
| 112. | |||||
| "Itthiṃ soṇḍiṃ vikiraṇiṃ, purisaṃ vāpi tādisaṃ; | 112. 'He places a woman who is addicted to drink or a spendthrift, or even a man of similar character. | a woman given to drink and squandering, or a man of a like behavior | 22. a woman given to drink and squandering, or a man of similar nature | – Тот, кто женщину или мужчину с пристрастиями, растратчика, |
Itthiṃ soṇḍiṃ все переводчики переводят как "женщина, пристрастившаяся к алкоголю", однако комментарий объясняет это место как "жадная и скупая в отно... Все комментарии (1) |
| Issariyasmiṃ ṭhapeti [ṭhāpeti (sī. pī.), thapeti (ka.)], taṃ parābhavato mukhaṃ". | in [a position of] authority That is the cause of the unsuccessful [man]; | To place in authority — this is a cause of one's downfall. | наделяет властью – такова причина его упадка. | ||
| 113. | |||||
| "Iti hetaṃ vijānāma, ekādasamo so parābhavo; | 113. 'We know that to be so indeed; that is the eleventh failure. | 23. We understand this as explained by thee; this is the eleventh cause of his downfall. | – Мы понимаем, это действительно так, это одиннадцатая причина упадка. | ||
| Dvādasamaṃ bhagavā brūhi, kiṃ parābhavato mukhaṃ". | Tell us the twelfth one, Blessed One. What is the cause of the unsuccessful [man]?' | Tell us the twelfth, O Blessed One. What is the cause of his downfall? | О двенадцатом теперь поведайте нам, о Благословенный, – в чем причина его упадка? | ||
| 114. | |||||
| "Appabhogo mahātaṇho, khattiye jāyate kule; | 114. 'One with little wealth [but] great craving is born in a khattiya family. | To be of noble birth, with vast ambition and of slender means, | 24. He who having but little possessions but great ambition (greed), is of warrior birth | – Мало богатств у него и большие амбиции, рождён он в семье кшатриев, | |
| So ca rajjaṃ patthayati, taṃ parābhavato mukhaṃ". | He desires kingship in this world. That is the cause of the unsuccessful [man]. | and to crave for rulership — this is a cause of one's downfall. | and aspires selfishly to (an unattainable) sovereignty — this is the cause of his downfall. | и стремится к большой власти он - такова причина его упадка. | |
| 115. | |||||
| "Ete parābhave loke, paṇḍito samavekkhiya; | 115. Seeing these failures in the world, a wise man, | Knowing well these causes of downfall in the world, | 25. Fully realizing these (twelve) causes of downfall in the world, | Мудрый человек, изучив причины упадка в этом мире | |
| Ariyo dassanasampanno, sa lokaṃ bhajate siva"nti. | a noble one endowed with insight, resorts to the blissful world.' | the noble sage endowed with insight shares a happy realm. | the sage, endowed with ariyan insight, shares a realm of security (Nibbana). | не ведёт себя так, обладает глубоким видением, прибегает к блаженному миру. | |
| Parābhavasuttaṃ chaṭṭhaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ. |