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Jighacchāti imaṃ dhammadesanaṃ satthā āḷaviyaṃ viharanto ekaṃ upāsakaṃ ārabbha kathesi.
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This religious instruction was given by the Teacher while he was in residence at Āḷavi with reference to a certain lay disciple.
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Ekasmiñhi divase satthā jetavane gandhakuṭiyaṃ nisinnova paccūsakāle lokaṃ volokento āḷaviyaṃ ekaṃ duggatamanussaṃ disvā tassūpanissayasampattiṃ ñatvā pañcasatabhikkhuparivāro āḷaviṃ agamāsi.
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For one day, as the Teacher seated in the Perfumed Chamber at Jetavana surveyed the world at dawn, he beheld a certain poor man at Āḷavi. Perceiving that he possessed the faculties requisite for attaining the Fruit of Conversion, he surrounded himself with a company of five hundred monks and went to Āḷavi.
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Āḷavivāsino satthāraṃ nimantayiṃsu.
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The inhabitants of Āḷavi straightway invited the Teacher to be their guest.
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Sopi duggatamanusso "satthā kira āgato"ti sutvā "satthu santike dhammaṃ sossāmī"ti manaṃ akāsi.
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That poor man also heard that the Teacher had arrived and made up his mind to go and hear the Teacher preach the Law.
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Taṃdivasameva cassa eko goṇo palāyi.
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But that very day an ox of his strayed off.
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So "kiṃ nu kho goṇaṃ pariyesissāmi, udāhu dhammaṃ suṇāmī"ti cintetvā "goṇaṃ pariyesitvā pacchā dhammaṃ sossāmī"ti pātova gehā nikkhami.
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So he considered within himself, “Shall I seek that ox, or shall I go and hear the Law?” And he came to the following conclusion, “I will first seek that ox and then go and hear the Law.” Accordingly, early in the morning, he set out to seek his ox.
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Āḷavivāsinopi buddhappamukhaṃ bhikkhusaṅghaṃ nisīdāpetvā parivisitvā anumodanatthāya pattaṃ gaṇhiṃsu.
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The residents of Āḷavi provided seats for the Congregation of Monks presided over by the Buddha, served them with food, and after the meal took the Teacher’s bowl, that he might pronounce the words of thanksgiving.
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Satthā "yaṃ nissāya ahaṃ tiṃsayojanamaggaṃ āgato, so goṇaṃ pariyesituṃ araññaṃ paviṭṭho, tasmiṃ āgateyeva dhammaṃ desessāmī"ti tuṇhī ahosi.
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Said the Teacher, “He for whose sake I came hither a journey of thirty leagues has gone into the forest to seek his ox which was lost. Not until he returns, will I preach the Law.” And he held his peace.
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Sopi manusso divā goṇaṃ disvā gogaṇe pakkhipitvā "sacepi aññaṃ natthi, satthu vandanamattampi karissāmī"ti jighacchāpīḷitopi gehaṃ gamanāya manaṃ akatvā vegena satthu santikaṃ āgantvā satthāraṃ vanditvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi.
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While it was still day, that poor man found his ox and straightway drove the ox back to the herd. Then he thought to himself, “Even if I can do nothing else, I will at least pay my respects to the Teacher.” Accordingly, although he was oppressed with the pangs of hunger, he decided not to go home, but went quickly to the Teacher, and having paid obeisance to the Teacher, sat down respectfully on one side.
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Satthā tassa ṭhitakāle dānaveyyāvaṭikaṃ āha – "atthi kiñci bhikkhusaṅghassa atirittabhatta"nti?
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When the poor man came and stood before the Teacher, the Teacher said to the steward of the alms, “Is there any food remaining over and above to the Congregation of Monks?”
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"Bhante, sabbaṃ atthī"ti.
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“Reverend Sir, the food has not been touched.”
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Tena hi "imaṃ parivisāhī"ti.
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“Well then, serve this poor man with food.”
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So satthārā vuttaṭṭhāneyeva taṃ nisīdāpetvā yāgukhādanīyabhojanīyehi sakkaccaṃ parivisi.
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So when the steward had provided that poor man with a seat in a place indicated by the Teacher, he served him dutifully with rice-porridge and other food, both hard and soft.
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So bhuttabhatto mukhaṃ vikkhālesi.
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When the poor man had eaten his meal, he rinsed his mouth.
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Ṭhapetvā kira imaṃ ṭhānaṃ tīsu piṭakesu aññattha gatāgatassa bhattavicāraṇaṃ nāma natthi.
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(We are told that with this single exception there is no other instance on record in the Three Piṭakas of the Tathāgata’s having thus inquired about the supply of food.)
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Tassa passaddhadarathassa cittaṃ ekaggaṃ ahosi.
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As soon as the poor man’s physical sufferings had been relieved, his mind became tranquil.
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Athassa satthā anupubbiṃ kathaṃ kathetvā saccāni pakāsesi.
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Then the Teacher preached the Law in orderly sequence, expounding one after another the Four Noble Truths.
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So desanāvasāne sotāpattiphale patiṭṭhahi.
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At the conclusion of the lesson, the poor man was established in the Fruit of Conversion.
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Satthāpi anumodanaṃ katvā uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkāmi.
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Then the Teacher pronounced the words of thanksgiving, and having so done, arose from his seat and departed.
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Mahājano satthāraṃ anugantvā nivatti.
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The multitude accompanied him a little way and then turned back.
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Bhikkhū satthārā saddhiṃ gacchantāyeva ujjhāyiṃsu – "passathāvuso, satthu kammaṃ, aññesu divasesu evarūpaṃ natthi, ajja panekaṃ manussaṃ disvāva yāguādīni vicāretvā dāpesī"ti.
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The monks who accompanied the Teacher were highly indignant and said, “Just consider, brethren, what the Teacher did. Nothing of the sort ever happened before. But to-day, seeing a certain poor man, the Teacher inquired about the supply of food and directed that food to be given to another.”
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Satthā nivattitvā ṭhitakova "kiṃ kathetha, bhikkhave"ti pucchitvā tamatthaṃ sutvā "āma, bhikkhave, ahaṃ tiṃsayojanaṃ kantāraṃ āgacchanto tassa upāsakassūpanissayaṃ disvā āgato, so ativiya jighacchito, pātova paṭṭhāya goṇaṃ pariyesanto araññe vicari.
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The Teacher turned around, stopped, [30.76] and said, “Monks, what are you saying?” When he heard what they were saying, he said to them, “It is even so, monks. When I came hither a journey of thirty leagues, a long and difficult journey, my sole reason for coming hither was the fact that I saw that this lay disciple possessed the faculties requisite for the attainment of the Fruit of Conversion. Early in the morning, oppressed with the pangs of hunger, this man went to the forest and spent the day in the forest seeking his ox which was lost.
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'Jighacchadukkhena dhamme desiyamānepi paṭivijjhituṃ na sakkhissatī'ti cintetvā evaṃ akāsiṃ, jighacchārogasadiso rogo nāma natthī"ti vatvā imaṃ gāthamāha –
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Therefore I thought to myself, ‘If I preach the Law to this man while he is suffering from the pangs of hunger, he will not be able to comprehend it.’ Therefore was it that I did what I did. Monks, there is no affliction like the affliction of hunger.” So saying, he pronounced the following Stanza,
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203.
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"Jighacchāparamā rogā, saṅkhāraparamā dukhā;
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Hunger is the greatest of afflictions; the Aggregates of Being are the principal source of suffering;
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Etaṃ ñatvā yathābhūtaṃ, nibbānaṃ paramaṃ sukha"nti.
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If a man thoroughly understand this, he has attained Nibbāna, Supreme Happiness.
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Tattha jighacchāparamā rogāti yasmā añño rogo sakiṃ tikicchito vinassati vā tadaṅgavasena vā pahīyati, jighacchā pana niccakālaṃ tikicchitabbāyevāti sesarogānaṃ ayaṃ paramā nāma.
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Saṅkhārāti pañca khandhā.
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Etaṃ ñatvāti jighacchāsamo rogo natthi, khandhapariharaṇasamaṃ dukkhaṃ nāma natthīti etamatthaṃ yathābhūtaṃ ñatvā paṇḍito nibbānaṃ sacchi karoti.
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Nibbānaṃ paramaṃ sukhanti tañhi sabbasukhānaṃ paramaṃ uttamaṃ sukhanti attho.
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Desanāvasāne bahū sotāpattiphalādīni pāpuṇiṃsūti.
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Ekaupāsakavatthu pañcamaṃ.
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