| пали | N.K.G. Mendis - english
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Rhys Davids T.W. - english
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Парибок А.В. - русский
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9."Bhante nāgasena, tumhe bhaṇatha 'yaṃ kiñci karaṇīyaṃ tathāgatassa, sabbaṃ taṃ bodhiyā yeva mūle pariniṭṭhitaṃ, natthi tathāgatassa uttariṃ karaṇīyaṃ, katassa vā paticayo'ti, idañca temāsaṃ paṭisallānaṃ dissati.
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King Milinda said: “Revered Nāgasena, you say: ‘Whatever was to be done by the Tathāgata was all accomplished at the root of the Bodhi Tree; there was then nothing further he had to do, nothing he had to add to what he had already done.’ But then there is also talk of three months’ solitary meditation.87
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‘Venerable Nāgasena, your people say that everything which a Tathāgata has to accomplish that had the Blessed One already carried out when he sat at the foot of the Tree of Wisdom. There was then nothing that he had yet to do, nothing that he had to add to what he had already done. But then there is also talk of his having immediately afterwards remained plunged for three months in ecstatic contemplation.
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Почтенный Нагасена, вы утверждаете: «Все дела свершил Татхагата под древом просветления, не осталось у Татхагаты более ни дел, ни нужды повторять свершенное»417. Однако, считается, что он три месяца пребывал в созерцании418.
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Yadi, bhante nāgasena, yaṃ kiñci karaṇīyaṃ tathāgatassa, sabbaṃ taṃ bodhiyā yeva mūle pariniṭṭhitaṃ, natthi tathāgatassa uttariṃ karaṇīyaṃ, katassa vā paticayo, tena hi 'temāsaṃ paṭisallīno'ti yaṃ vacanaṃ, taṃ micchā.
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If the first statement is correct then the second must be false.
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If the first statement be correct, then the second must be false.
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Если, почтенный Нагасена, «все дела свершил Татхагата под древом просветления» и «не осталось у Татхагаты более ни дел, ни нужды повторять свершенное», то ложно утверждать, будто три месяца он провел в созерцании.
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Yadi temāsaṃ paṭisallīno, tena hi 'yaṃ kiñci karaṇīyaṃ, tathāgatassa, sabbaṃ taṃ bodhiyā yeva mūle pariniṭṭhita'nti tampi vacanaṃ micchā.
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If the second is right then the first must be wrong.
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And if the second be right, then the first must be wrong.
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Если он три месяца провел в созерцании, то ложно утверждать, будто «все дела свершил Татхагата под древом просветления, не осталось у Татхагаты более ни дел, ни нужды повторять свершенное».
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Natthi katakaraṇīyassa paṭisallānaṃ, sakaraṇīyasseva paṭisallānaṃ yathā nāma byādhitasseva bhesajjena karaṇīyaṃ hoti, abyādhitassa kiṃ bhesajjena.
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For there is no need for solitary meditation for one who has done what was to be done. Solitary meditation is for one who still has something to be done. It is the sick man who has need for medicine, not the healthy;
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There is no need of any contemplation to him who has already accomplished his task. It is the man who still has something left to do, who has to think about it. It is the sick man who has need of medicine, not the healthy;
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Не нужно созерцание всего достигшему, лишь недостигшему нужно созерцание. Только больному нужно лекарство, что здоровому до лекарства?
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Chātasseva bhojanena karaṇīyaṃ hoti, achātassa kiṃ bhojanena.
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the hungry man who has need for food, not the man whose hunger has been quenched.
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the hungry man who has need of food, not the man whose hunger is quenched.
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Ведь только голодному нужна еда, что сытому до еды?
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Evameva kho, bhante nāgasena, natthi katakaraṇīyassa paṭisallānaṃ, sakaraṇīyasseva paṭisallānaṃ.
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This too is a double-headed dilemma, and you have to solve it!’
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Вот точно так же, почтенный Нагасена, не нужно созерцание всего достигшему, лишь недостигшему нужно созерцание.
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Ayampi ubhato koṭiko pañho tavānuppatto, so tayā nibbāhitabbo"ti.
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This too is a double-pronged question; it is put to you; it is for you to solve it.”
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‘Both statements, O king, are true. Contemplation has many virtues.
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Вот еще вопрос обоюдоострый. Тебе он поставлен, тебе его и решать.
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"Yaṃ kiñci, mahārāja, karaṇīyaṃ tathāgatassa, sabbaṃ taṃ bodhiyā yeva mūle pariniṭṭhitaṃ, natthi tathāgatassa uttariṃ karaṇīyaṃ, katassa vā paticayo, bhagavā ca temāsaṃ paṭisallīno, paṭisallānaṃ kho, mahārāja, bahuguṇaṃ, sabbepi tathāgatā paṭisallīyitvā sabbaññutaṃ pattā, taṃ te sukataguṇamanussarantā paṭisallānaṃ sevanti.
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“Both statements, sire, are true. Solitary meditation has many special qualities. All Tathāgatas when they have attained omniscience have meditated in solitude. It is while they are recollecting these special qualities of what was well done that they practise solitary meditation.
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All the Tathāgatas attained, in contemplation, to Buddhahood, and practised it in the recollection of its good qualities.
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– Все дела, государь, свершил Татхагата под древом просветления, не осталось у Татхагаты более ни дел, ни нужды повторять свершенное. И пребывал Блаженный три месяца в созерцании. У созерцания много достоинств, государь; созерцая, достигли всеведения все татхагаты, и прилежат они созерцанию, убедившись, что оно приносит благо.
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Yathā, mahārāja, puriso rañño santikā laddhavaro paṭiladdhabhogo taṃ sukataguṇamanussaranto aparāparaṃ rañño upaṭṭhānaṃ eti.
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As, sire, when a man has gained a boon in the presence of a king and obtained property, then, on recollecting the special quality of what was well done, he remains constantly in attendance on that king; or as, sire, a man who was gravely ill, when he has frequented a physician and achieved a cure, constantly frequents that physician—
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And they did so in the same way as a man who had received high office from a king would, in the recollection of its advantages, of the prosperity he enjoyed by means of it, remain constantly in attendance on that king
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Ведь если некий человек был однажды награжден царем за службу, нажил себе состояние, то он будет служить царю и впредь, убедившись, что это приносит благо.
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Evameva kho, mahārāja, sabbepi tathāgatā paṭisallīyitvā sabbaññutaṃ pattā, taṃ te sukataguṇamanussarantā paṭisallānaṃ sevanti.
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even so, sire, all the Tathāgatas when they have attained omniscience have meditated in solitude.
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Вот точно так же, государь, созерцая, достигли всеведения все татхагаты, и прилежат они созерцанию, убедившись, что оно приносит благо.
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"Yathā vā pana, mahārāja, puriso āturo dukkhito bāḷhagilāno bhisakkamupasevitvā sotthimanuppatto taṃ sukataguṇamanussaranto aparāparaṃ bhisakkamupasevati.
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—in the same way as a man who, having been afflicted and pained with a dire disease, and having recovered his health by the use of medicine, would use the same medicine again and again, calling to mind its virtue.’
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Или, государь, если расхворавшийся, измучившийся, тяжелобольной человек последовал советам врача и благодаря им поправился, то он будет следовать его советам и впредь, убедившись, что это приносит благо.
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Evameva kho, mahārāja, sabbepi tathāgatā paṭisallīyitvā sabbaññutaṃ pattā, taṃ te sukataguṇamanussarantā paṭisallānaṃ sevanti.
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It is while they are recollecting these special qualities of what was well done that they practise solitary meditation.
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Вот точно так же, государь, созерцая, достигли всеведения все татхагаты, и прилежат они созерцанию, убедившись, что оно приносит благо.
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"Aṭṭhavīsati kho panime, mahārāja, paṭisallānaguṇā, ye guṇe samanussarantā [samanupassantā (sī. pī.)] tathāgatā paṭisallānaṃ sevanti.
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“It is on beholding twenty-eight special qualities in solitary meditation, sire, that Tathāgatas practise solitary meditation.
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‘And there are, O king, these twenty and eight good qualities of meditation in the perception of which the Tathāgatas devoted themselves to it.
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У созерцания есть двадцать восемь достоинств, памятуя о них, прилежат татхагаты созерцанию.
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Katame aṭṭhavīsati?
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What are the twenty-eight?
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And which are they?
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Достоинства эти вот какие:
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Idha, mahārāja, paṭisallānaṃ paṭisallīyamānaṃ attānaṃ rakkhati, āyuṃ vaḍḍheti, balaṃ deti, vajjaṃ pidahati, ayasamapaneti, yasamupaneti, aratiṃ vinodeti, ratimupadahati, bhayamapaneti, vesārajjaṃ karoti, kosajjamapaneti, vīriyamabhijaneti, rāgamapaneti, dosamapaneti, mohamapaneti, mānaṃ nihanti, vitakkaṃ bhañjati, cittaṃ ekaggaṃ karoti, mānasaṃ snehayati [sobhayati (sī.)], hāsaṃ janeti, garukaṃ karoti, lābhamuppādayati, namassiyaṃ karoti, pītiṃ pāpeti, pāmojjaṃ karoti, saṅkhārānaṃ sabhāvaṃ dassayati, bhavappaṭisandhiṃ ugghāṭeti, sabbasāmaññaṃ deti.
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Solitary meditation protects him who meditates, it increases the lifespan, it gives strength, cleanses him from faults, removes him from a bad reputation, conduces to fame, dispels discontent, furnishes content, removes fear, makes for self-confidence, removes indolence, generates energy, removes lust, removes hatred, removes delusion, humbles pride, breaks down all doubt, makes the mind one-pointed, makes the mind pliable, produces joy, makes him serious, gains him much advantage, it makes him worthy of reverence, brings rapture, it fills him with delight, shows the true nature of formations, uproots becoming and rebirth, and yields complete recluseship.
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Meditation preserves him who meditates, it gives him long life, and endows him with power, it cleanses him from faults, it removes from him any bad reputation giving him a good name, it destroys discontent in him filling him with content, it releases him from all fear endowing him with confidence, it removes sloth far from him filling him with zeal, it takes away lust and ill-will and dullness, it puts an end to pride, it breaks down all doubt, it makes his heart to be at peace, it softens his mind, it makes him glad, it makes him grave, it gains him much advantage, it makes him worthy of reverence, it fills him with joy, it fills him with delight, it shows him the transitory nature of all compounded things, it puts an end to rebirth, it obtains for him all the benefits of renunciation.
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находящемуся в созерцании оно служит защитой, продлевает жизнь, дает силы, оберегает от зазорного, не допускает до бесчестия, дает славу, избавляет от неудовлетворенности, доставляет удовлетворенность, устраняет опасность, наделяет опытностью, избавляет от вялости, возбуждает усердие, избавляет от страсти, избавляет от враждебности, избавляет от заблуждения, смиряет гордыню, разрешает сомнения, сосредоточивает мысли, смягчает ум, веселит, придает значительности, приводит к успеху, дарует великое уважение, приносит довольство, приводит в восхищение, проясняет ему природу слагаемых, пресекает корень бытию, приобщает ко всем плодам шраманства.
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Ime kho, mahārāja, aṭṭhavīsati paṭisallānaguṇā, ye guṇe samanussarantā tathāgatā paṭisallānaṃ sevanti.
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These, O king, are the twenty and eight virtues of meditation on the perception of which the Tathāgatas devote themselves to it.
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Таковы, государь, двадцать восемь достоинств созерцания. Памятуя о них, прилежат татхагаты созерцанию.
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"Api ca kho, mahārāja, tathāgatā santaṃ sukhaṃ samāpattiratiṃ anubhavitukāmā paṭisallānaṃ sevanti pariyositasaṅkappā.
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But it is because The Tathāgatas, O king, long for the enjoyment of the bliss of attainment, of the joy of the tranquil state of Nirvāna, that they devote themselves to meditation, with their minds fixed on the end they aim at.
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А еще, государь, хоть и исчерпаны у татхагат все намерения, прилежат они созерцанию, стремясь испытать счастливую, сладостную, умиротворенную сосредоточенность.
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Catūhi kho, mahārāja, kāraṇehi tathāgatā paṭisallānaṃ sevanti.
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“Moreover, sire, for four reasons Tathāgatas practise solitary meditation.
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‘And there are four, reasons for which the Tathāgatas, O king, devote themselves to meditation.
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По четырем причинам, государь, прилежат татхагаты созерцанию,
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Katamehi catūhi?
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For what four?
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And what are the four?
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вот по каким:
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Vihāraphāsutāyapi, mahārāja, tathāgatā paṭisallānaṃ sevanti, anavajjaguṇabahulatāyapi tathāgatā paṭisallānaṃ sevanti, asesaariyavīthitopi tathāgatā paṭisallānaṃ sevanti, sabbabuddhānaṃ thutathomitavaṇṇitapasatthatopi tathāgatā paṭisallānaṃ sevanti.
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So that they may dwell at ease, for an abundance of the faultless good qualities, on account of it being the road to all noble things, and because it has been praised, lauded and exalted by all Buddhas.
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That they may dwell at ease, O king—and on account of the abundance of the advantages of meditation, advantages without drawback—and on account of its being the road to all noble things without exception-and because it has been praised and lauded and exalted and magnified by all the Buddhas.
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покойно пребывать в нем, государь, потому прилежат татхагаты созерцанию; обильно оно чистыми достоинствами, потому прилежат татхагаты созерцанию; таков путь всех без изъятия ариев, потому прилежат татхагаты созерцанию; славно оно, прославлено, восхвалено, возвеличено всеми просветленными, потому прилежат татхагаты созерцанию.
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Imehi kho, mahārāja, catūhi kāraṇehi tathāgatā paṭisallānaṃ sevanti.
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It is for these four reasons that Tathāgatas practise solitary meditation;
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These are the reasons for which the Tathāgatas devote themselves to it.
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Вот по этим причинам, государь, прилежат татхагаты созерцанию –
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Iti kho, mahārāja, tathāgatā paṭisallānaṃ sevanti na sakaraṇīyatāya, na katassa vā paticayāya, atha kho guṇavisesadassāvitāya tathāgatā paṭisallānaṃ sevantī"ti.
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it is not because they still have something further to be done or because there is something to be added to what has been done. Tathāgatas practise solitary meditation because of their realization of the divers advantages of its special qualities.”
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So it is not, great king, because they have anything left to do, or anything to add to what they have already accomplished, but because they have perceived how diversified are the advantages it possesses, that they devote themselves to meditation.’
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не потому, что остались у них дела или нужда повторять свершенное419.
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"Sādhu, bhante nāgasena, evametaṃ tathā sampaṭicchāmī"ti.
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“It is good, revered Nāgasena. That is so and I accept what you say.”
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‘Very good, Nāgasena! That is so, and I accept it as you say.’
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– Отлично, почтенный Нагасена. Да, это так, я с этим согласен.
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Uttarikaraṇīyapañho navamo.
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