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Nikkhittassāti desitassa.
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Desanāpi hi desetabbassa sīlādiatthassa vineyyasantānesu nikkhipanato "nikkhepo"ti vuccati.
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Suttanikkhepaṃ vicāretvā vuccamānā pākaṭā hotīti sāmaññato bhagavato desanāsamuṭṭhānassa vibhāgaṃ dassetvā "etthāyaṃ desanā evaṃsamuṭṭhānā"ti desanāya samuṭṭhāne dassite suttassa sammadeva nidānaparijānanena vaṇṇanāya suviññeyyattā vuttaṃ.
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Evañhi "assutavā bhikkhave puthujjano"tiādinā, "yopi so, bhikkhave, bhikkhu arahaṃ khīṇāsavo"tiādinā (ma. ni. 1.8), "tathāgatopi kho, bhikkhave, arahaṃ sammāsambuddho"tiādinā (ma. ni. 1.12) ca pavattadesanā anusandhidassanasukhatāya suviññeyyā hoti.
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Tattha yathā anekasataanekasahassabhedānipi suttantāni saṃkilesabhāgiyādipadhānanayavasena soḷasavidhataṃ nātivattanti, evaṃ attajjhāsayādisuttanikkhepavasena catubbidhabhāvanti āha "cattāro hi suttanikkhepā"ti.
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Ettha ca yathā attajjhāsayassa aṭṭhuppattiyā ca parajjhāsayapucchāhi saddhiṃ saṃsaggabhedo sambhavati "attajjhāsayo ca parajjhāsayo ca, attajjhāsayo ca pucchāvasiko ca, aṭṭhuppattiko ca parajjhāsayo ca, aṭṭhuppattiko ca pucchāvasiko cā"ti ajjhāsayapucchānusandhisabbhāvato, evaṃ yadipi aṭṭhuppattiyā attajjhāsayenapi saṃsaggabhedo sambhavati, attajjhāsayādīhi pana purato ṭhitehi aṭṭhuppattiyā saṃsaggo natthīti nayidha niravaseso vitthāranayo sambhavatīti "cattāro suttanikkhepā"ti vuttaṃ, tadantogadhattā vā sambhavantānaṃ sesanikkhepānaṃ mūlanikkhepavasena cattārova dassitā.
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Tathādassanañcettha ayaṃ saṃsaggabhedo gahetabboti.
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Tatrāyaṃ vacanattho – nikkhipīyatīti nikkhepo, suttaṃ eva nikkhepo suttanikkhepo.
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Atha vā nikkhipanaṃ nikkhepo, suttassa nikkhepo suttanikkhepo, suttadesanāti attho.
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Attano ajjhāsayo attajjhāsayo, so assa atthi kāraṇabhūtoti attajjhāsayo.
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Attano ajjhāsayo etassāti vā attajjhāsayo.
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Parajjhāsayepi eseva nayo.
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Pucchāya vaso pucchāvaso, so etassa atthīti pucchāvasiko.
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Suttadesanāvatthubhūtassa atthassa uppatti atthuppatti, atthuppattiyeva aṭṭhuppatti ttha-kārassa ṭṭha-kāraṃ katvā.
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Sā etassa atthīti aṭṭhuppattiko.
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Atha vā nikkhipīyati suttaṃ etenāti suttanikkhepo, attajjhāsayādi eva.
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Etasmiṃ pana attavikappe attano ajjhāsayo attajjhāsayo.
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Paresaṃ ajjhāsayo parajjhāsayo.
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Pucchīyatīti pucchā, pucchitabbo attho.
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Pucchanavasena pavattaṃ dhammapaṭiggāhakānaṃ vacanaṃ pucchāvasikaṃ, tadeva nikkhepa-saddāpekkhāya pulliṅgavasena "pucchāvasiko"ti vuttaṃ.
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Tathā aṭṭhuppatti eva aṭṭhuppattikoti evampettha attho veditabbo.
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Apicettha paresaṃ indriyaparipākādikāraṇanirapekkhattā attajjhāsayassa visuṃ suttanikkhepabhāvo yutto kevalaṃ attano ajjhāsayeneva dhammatantiṭhapanatthaṃ pavattitadesanattā.
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Parajjhāsayapucchāvasikānaṃ pana paresaṃ ajjhāsayapucchānaṃ desanāpavattihetubhūtānaṃ uppattiyaṃ pavattitānaṃ kathamaṭṭhuppattiyaṃ anavarodho, pucchāvasikaaṭṭhuppattikānaṃ vā parajjhāsayānurodhena pavattikānaṃ kathaṃ parajjhāsaye anavarodhoti?
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Na codetabbametaṃ.
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Paresañhi abhinīhāraparipucchādivinimuttasseva suttadesanākāraṇuppādassa aṭṭhuppattibhāvena gahitattā parajjhāsayapucchāvasikānaṃ visuṃ gahaṇaṃ.
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Tathā hi brahmajāla (dī. ni. 1.1) dhammadāyādasuttādīnaṃ (ma. ni. 1.29) vaṇṇāvaṇṇaāmisuppādādidesanānimittaṃ "aṭṭhuppattī"ti vuccati.
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Paresaṃ pucchaṃ vinā ajjhāsayaṃ eva nimittaṃ katvā desito parajjhāsayo, pucchāvasena desito pucchāvasikoti pākaṭoyamatthoti.
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Attanoajjhāsayeneva kathesi dhammatantiṭhapanatthanti daṭṭhabbaṃ.
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Sammappadhānasuttantahārakoti anupubbena nikkhittānaṃ saṃyuttake sammappadhānapaṭisaṃyuttānaṃ suttānaṃ āvaḷi.
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Tathā iddhipādahārakādayo.
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Vimuttiparipācanīyā dhammā saddhindriyādayo.
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Ajjhāsayanti adhimuttiṃ.
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Khantinti diṭṭhinijjhānakkhantiṃ.
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Mananti cittaṃ.
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Abhinihāranti paṇidhānaṃ.
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Bujjhanabhāvanti bujjhanasabhāvaṃ, paṭivijjhanākāraṃ vā.
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Uppanne māne nikkhittanti sambandho.
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Itthiliṅgādīni tīṇi liṅgāni.
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Nāmādīni cattāri padāni.
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Paṭhamādayo satta vibhattiyo.
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Muñcitvā na kiñci katheti sabhāvaniruttiyā tatheva pavattanato.
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Gaṇṭhibhūtaṃ padaṃ.
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Yathā hi rukkhassa gaṇṭhiṭṭhānaṃ dubbinibbedhaṃ duttacchitañca hoti, evamevaṃ yaṃ padaṃ atthato vivarituṃ na sakkā, taṃ "gaṇṭhipada"nti vuccati.
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Anupahaccāti anuddharitvā.
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Yena yena sambandhaṃ gacchati, tassa tassa anavasesataṃ dīpetīti iminā imassa sabba-saddassa sappadesataṃ dasseti.
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Sabba-saddo hi sabbasabbaṃ padesasabbaṃ āyatanasabbaṃ sakkāyasabbanti catūsu visayesu diṭṭhappayogo.
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Tathā hesa "sabbe dhammā sabbākārena buddhassa bhagavato ñāṇamukhe āpāthamāgacchantī"tiādīsu (mahāni. 156; cūḷani. 85; paṭi. ma. 3.6) sabbasabbasmiṃ āgato.
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"Sabbesaṃ vo, sāriputta, subhāsitaṃ pariyāyenā"tiādīsu (ma. ni. 1.345) padesasabbasmiṃ.
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"Sabbaṃ vo, bhikkhave, desessāmi - pe - cakkhuñceva rūpā ca - pe - mano ceva dhammā cā"ti (saṃ. ni. 4.23) ettha āyatanasabbasmiṃ.
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"Sabbaṃ sabbato sañjānātī"tiādīsu (ma. ni. 1.5) sakkāyasabbasmiṃ.
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Tattha sabbasabbasmiṃ āgato nippadeso, itaresu tīsupi āgato sappadeso, idha pana sakkāyasabbasmiṃ veditabbo.
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Tathā hi vakkhati "sakkāyapariyāpannā pana tebhūmakadhammāva anavasesato veditabbā"ti (ma. ni. aṭṭha. 1.1 suttanikkhepavaṇṇanā).
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Saccesūti ariyasaccesu.
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Ete caturo dhammāti idāni vuccamāne saccādike cattāro dhamme sandhāya vadati.
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Tattha saccanti vacīsaccaṃ.
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Ṭhitīti vīriyaṃ, "dhitī"ti vā pāṭho, so evattho.
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Cāgoti alobho.
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Diṭṭhaṃ so ativattatīti yasmiṃ ete saccādayo dhammā upalabbhanti, so diṭṭhaṃ attano amittaṃ atikkamati, na tassa hatthataṃ gacchati, atha kho naṃ abhibhavati evāti attho.
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Sabhāve vattati asabhāvadhammassa kāraṇāsambhavato.
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Na hi nissabhāvā dhammā kenaci nibbattīyanti.
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Attano lakkhaṇaṃ dhārentīti yadipi lakkhaṇavinimuttā dhammā nāma natthi, tathāpi yathā diṭṭhitaṇhāparikappitākāramattā attasubhasukhasassatādayo, pakatiyādayo, dabbādayo, jīvādayo, kāyādayo lokavohāramattasiddhā gagaṇakusumādayova saccikaṭṭhaparamatthato na upalabbhanti, na evamete, ete pana saccikaṭṭhaparamatthabhūtā upalabbhanti, tato eva sattādivisesavirahato dhammamattā sabhāvavantoti dassanatthaṃ "attano lakkhaṇaṃ dhārentī"ti vuttaṃ.
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Bhavati hi bhedābhāvepi sukhāvabodhanatthaṃ upacāramattasiddhena bhedena niddeso yathā "silāputtakassa sarīra"nti.
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Dhārīyanti vā yathāsabhāvato avadhārīyanti ñāyantīti dhammā, kakkhaḷaphusanādayo.
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Asādhāraṇahetumhīti asādhāraṇakāraṇe, sakkāyadhammesu tassa tassa āveṇikapaccayeti attho.
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Kiṃ pana tanti?
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Taṇhāmānadiṭṭhiyo, avijjādayopi vā.
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Yatheva hi pathavīādīsu maññanāvatthūsu uppajjamānā taṇhādayo maññanā tesaṃ pavattiyā mūlakāraṇaṃ, evaṃ avijjādayopi.
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Tathā hi "assutavā puthujjano"tiādinā "apariññātaṃ tassāti vadāmī"ti (ma. ni. 1.2) "nandī dukkhassa mūla"nti (ma. ni. 1.13) ca anvayato, "khayā rāgassa - pe - vītamohattā"ti byatirekato ca tesaṃ mūlakāraṇabhāvo vibhāvito.
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Pariyāyeti desetabbamatthaṃ avagameti bodhayatīti pariyāyo, desanā.
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Pariyāyati attano phalaṃ pariggahetvā vattati tassa vā kāraṇabhāvaṃ gacchatīti pariyāyo, kāraṇaṃ.
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Pariyāyati aparāparaṃ parivattatīti pariyāyo, vāro.
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Evaṃ pariyāyasaddassa desanākāraṇavāresu pavatti veditabbā.
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Yathārutavasena aggahetvā niddhāretvā gahetabbatthaṃ neyyatthaṃ.
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Tebhūmakā dhammāva anavasesato veditabbā maññanāvatthubhūtānaṃ sabbesaṃ pathavīādidhammānaṃ adhippetattā.
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Kāraṇadesananti kāraṇañāpanaṃ desanaṃ.
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Taṃ atthanti taṃ sabbadhammānaṃ mūlakāraṇasaṅkhātaṃ, kāraṇadesanāsaṅkhātaṃ vā atthaṃ.
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Tenevāha "taṃ kāraṇaṃ taṃ desana"nti.
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Ekatthametanti etaṃ padadvayaṃ ekatthaṃ.
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Sādhu-saddo eva hi ka-kārena vaḍḍhetvā "sādhuka"nti vutto.
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Teneva hi sādhusaddassa atthaṃ vadantena atthuddhāravasena sādhukasaddo udāhaṭo.
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Dhammarucīti puññakāmo.
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Paññāṇavāti paññavā.
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Addubbhoti adūsako, anupaghātakoti attho.
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Idhāpīti imasmiṃ mūlapariyāyasuttepi.
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Ayanti sādhukasaddo.
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Ettheva daḷhīkammeti sakkaccakiriyāyaṃ.
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Āṇattiyanti āṇāpane.
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"Suṇātha sādhukaṃ manasi karothā"ti hi vutte sādhukasaddena savanamanasikārānaṃ sakkaccakiriyā viya tadāṇāpanampi vuttaṃ hoti.
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Āyācanatthatā viya cassa āṇāpanatthatā veditabbā.
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Idānettha evaṃ yojanā veditabbāti sambandho.
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Sotindriyavikkhepavāraṇaṃ savane niyojanavasena kiriyantarapaṭisedhanabhāvato, sotaṃ odahathāti attho.
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Manindriyavikkhepanivāraṇaṃ aññacintāpaṭisedhanato.
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Purimanti "suṇāthā"ti padaṃ.
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Etthāti suṇātha, manasi karothā"ti padadvaye, etasmiṃ vā adhikāre.
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Byañjanavipallāsaggāhavāraṇaṃ sotadvāre vikkhepapaṭibāhakattā.
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Na hi yāthāvato suṇantassa saddato vipallāsaggāho hoti.
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Atthavipallāsaggāhavāraṇaṃ manindriyavikkhepapaṭibāhakattā.
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Na hi sakkaccaṃ dhammaṃ upadhārentassa atthato vipallāsaggāho hoti.
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Dhammassavane niyojeti suṇāthāti vidahanato.
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Dhāraṇūpaparikkhāsūti upaparikkhaggahaṇena tulanatīraṇādike diṭṭhiyā ca suppaṭivedhaṃ saṅgaṇhāti.
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Sabyañjanoti ettha yathādhippetamatthaṃ byañjayatīti byañjanaṃ, sabhāvanirutti.
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Saha byañjanenāti sabyañjano, byañjanasampannoti attho.
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Araṇīyato upagandhabbato anuṭṭhātabbato attho, catupārisuddhisīlādiko.
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Saha atthenāti sāttho, atthasampannoti attho.
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Dhammagambhīrotiādīsu dhammo nāma tanti.
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Desanā nāma tassā manasā vavatthāpitāya tantiyā desanā.
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Attho nāma tantiyā attho.
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Paṭivedho nāma tantiyā tantiatthassa ca yathābhūtāvabodho.
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Yasmā cete dhammadesanāatthapaṭivedhā sasādīhi viya mahāsamuddo mandabuddhīhi dukkhogāḷhā alabbhaneyyapatiṭṭhā ca, tasmā gambhīrā.
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Tena vuttaṃ "yasmā ayaṃ dhammo - pe - sādhukaṃ manasi karothā"ti.
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Ettha ca paṭivedhassa dukkarabhāvato dhammatthānaṃ desanāñāṇassa dukkarabhāvato desanāya dukkhogāhatā, paṭivedhassa pana uppādetuṃ asakkuṇeyyattā tabbisayañāṇuppattiyā ca dukkarabhāvato dukkhogāhatā veditabbā.
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Desanaṃ nāma uddisanaṃ.
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Tassa niddisanaṃ bhāsananti idhādhippetanti āha "vitthāratopi naṃ bhāsissāmīti vuttaṃ hotī"ti.
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Paribyattaṃ kathanaṃ vā bhāsanaṃ.
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Sāḷikāyiva nigghosoti sāḷikāya ālāpo viya madhuro kaṇṇasukho pemanīyo.
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Paṭibhānanti saddo.
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Udīrayīti uccārīyati, vuccati vā.
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Evaṃvutte ussāhajātāti evaṃ "suṇātha sādhukaṃ manasi karotha bhāsissāmī"ti vutte na kira satthā saṅkhepeneva desessati, vitthārenapi bhāsissatīti sañjātussāhā haṭṭhatuṭṭhā hutvā.
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Idhāti iminā vuccamānaadhikaraṇaṃ tassa puggalassa uppattiṭṭhānabhūtaṃ adhippetanti āha "desāpadese nipāto"ti.
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Lokanti okāsalokaṃ.
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Idha tathāgato loketi hi jātikhettaṃ, tatthāpi ayaṃ cakkavāḷo adhippeto.
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Samaṇoti sotāpanno.
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Dutiyo samaṇoti sakadāgāmī.
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Vuttañhetaṃ "katamo ca, bhikkhave, samaṇo?
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Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu tiṇṇaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ parikkhayā sotāpanno hotī"ti (a. ni. 4.241) "katamo ca, bhikkhave, dutiyo samaṇo?
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Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu tiṇṇaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ parikkhayā rāgadosamohānaṃ tanuttā sakadāgāmī hotī"ti ca (a. ni. 4.241).
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Idheva tiṭṭhamānassāti imissā eva indasālaguhāyaṃ tiṭṭhamānassa.
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2.Assutavāti ettha (a. ni. ṭī. 1.1.51) sutanti sotadvārānusārena upadhāritaṃ, upadhāraṇaṃ vā, sutaṃ assatthīti sutavā.
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Vā-saddassa hi attho atthitāmattādivasena anekavidho.
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Tathā hi "antavā ayaṃ loko parivaṭumo"tiādīsu (dī. ni. 1.54; paṭi. ma. 1.140) atthitāmattaṃ attho.
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"Dhanavā bhogavā, lābhī annassā"ti ca ādīsu bahubhāvo.
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"Rogavā hoti rogābhibhūto"tiādīsu kāyābādho.
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"Kuṭṭhī kuṭṭhacīvarenā"tiādīsu nindā, "issukī maccharī saṭho māyāvino keṭubhino"tiādīsu abhiṇhayogo.
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"Daṇḍī chattī alambarī"tiādīsu (visuddhi. 1.142) saṃsaggo.
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"Paṇḍito vāpi tena so"tiādīsu (dha. pa. 63) upamānaṃ, sadisabhāvoti attho.
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"Taṃ vāpi dhīrā muniṃ vedayantī"tiādīsu (su. ni. 213) samuccayo.
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"Ke vā ime kassa vā"tiādīsu (pārā. 296) saṃsayo.
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"Ayaṃ vā imesaṃ samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ sabbabālo sabbamūḷho"tiādīsu (dī. ni. 1.181) vibhāvano.
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"Na vāyaṃ kumāro mattamaññāsī"tiādīsu (saṃ. ni. 2.154) padapūraṇaṃ.
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"Ye hi keci, bhikkhave, samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā"tiādīsu (ma. ni. 1.170) vikappo.
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"Sakyaputtassa sirīmato (dī. ni. 3.277), sīlavato sīlasampattiyā kalyāṇo kittisaddo abbhuggacchatī"ti (dī. ni. 2.150; 3.316; a. ni. 5.213; mahāva. 285) ca ādīsu pasaṃsā.
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"Paññavā hoti udayatthagāminiyā paññāya samannāgato ariyāya nibbedhikāya sammā dukkhakkhayagāminiyā"tiādīsu (dī. ni. 3.317, 355) atisayo.
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Idhāpi atisayo, pasaṃsā vā attho, tasmā yassa pasaṃsitaṃ, atisayena vā sutaṃ atthi, so sutavāti saṃkilesaviddhaṃsanasamatthaṃ pariyattidhammassavanaṃ, taṃ sutvā tathattāya paṭipatti ca "sutavā"ti iminā saddena pakāsitā.
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Atha vā sotabbayuttaṃ sutvā kattabbanipphattivasena suṇīti sutavā, tappaṭikkhepena na sutavāti assutavā.
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Ayañhi a-kāro "ahetukā dhammā (dha. sa. 2.dukamātikā), abhikkhuko āvāso"tiādīsu (pāci. 1046, 1047) taṃsahayoganivattiyaṃ icchito.
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"Apaccayā dhammā"ti (dha. sa. 7.dukamātikā) taṃsambandhībhāvanivattiyaṃ.
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Paccayuppannañhi paccayasambandhīti appaccayuppannattā ataṃsambandhitā ettha jotitā.
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"Anidassanā dhammā"ti (dha. sa. 9.dukamātikā) taṃsabhāvanivattiyaṃ.
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Nidassanañhi daṭṭhabbatā.
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Atha vā passatīti nidassanaṃ, cakkhuviññāṇaṃ, taggahetabbabhāvanivattiyaṃ yathā "anāsavā dhammā"ti (dha. sa. 15.dukamātikā), "appaṭighā dhammā (dha. sa. 10.dukamātikā), anārammaṇā dhammā"ti (dha. sa. 55.dukamātikā) taṃkiccanivattiyaṃ, "arūpino dhammā (dha. sa. 11.dukamātikā) acetasikā dhammā"ti (dha. sa. 57.dukamātikā) tabbhāvanivattiyaṃ.
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Tadaññathā hi ettha pakāsitā.
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"Amanusso"ti tabbhāvamattanivattiyaṃ.
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Manussamattaṃ natthi, aññaṃ samānanti.
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Sadisatā hi ettha sūcitā.
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"Assamaṇo samaṇapaṭiñño, anariyo"ti (a. ni. 3.13) ca taṃsambhāvanīyaguṇanivattiyaṃ.
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Garahā hi idha ñāyati.
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"Kacci bhoto anāmayaṃ, anudarā kaññā"ti (jā. 2.20.129) tadanappabhāvanivattiyaṃ, "anuppannā dhammā"ti (dha. sa. 17.tikamātikā) taṃsadisabhāvanivattiyaṃ.
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Atītānañhi uppannapubbattā uppādidhammānañca paccayekadesanipphattiyā āraddhuppādibhāvato kālavimuttassa ca vijjamānattā uppannānukūlatā pageva paccuppannānanti tabbidūratāva ettha viññāyati "asekkhā dhammā"ti (dha. sa. 11.tikamātikā) tadapariyosānanivattiyaṃ.
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Tanniṭṭhānañhi ettha pakāsitanti.
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Evamanekesaṃ atthānaṃ jotako.
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Idha pana "arūpino dhammā acetasikā dhammā"tiādīsu viya tabbhāvanivattiyaṃ daṭṭhabbo, aññattheti attho.
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Etenassa sutādiñāṇavirahataṃ dasseti.
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Tena vuttaṃ "āgamādhigamābhāvā ñeyyo assutavā itī"ti.
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Idāni tassa atthaṃ vivaranto yasmā khandhadhātvādikosallenapi maññanāpaṭisedhanasamatthaṃ bāhusaccaṃ hoti.
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Yathāha "kittāvatā nu kho, bhante, bahussuto hoti?
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Yato kho bhikkhu khandhakusalo hoti dhātu, āyatana, paṭiccasamuppādakusalo hoti, ettāvatā kho bhikkhu bahussuto hotī"ti, tasmā "yassa hi khandhadhātuāyatanasaccapaccayākārasatipaṭṭhānādīsūtiādi vuttaṃ.
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Tattha vācuggatakaraṇaṃ uggaho.
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Atthaparipucchanaṃ paripucchā.
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Kusalehi saha codanāpariharaṇavasena vinicchayakaraṇaṃ vinicchayo.
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Maggaphalanibbānāni adhigamo.
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Bahūnaṃ (dha. sa. mūlaṭī. 1007) nānappakārānaṃ kilesasakkāyadiṭṭhīnaṃ avihatattā tā janenti, tāhi vā janitāti puthujjanā.
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Avighātameva vā jana-saddo vadati.
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Puthu satthārānaṃ mukhamullokikāti ettha puthu janā satthupaṭiññā etesanti puthujjanāti vacanattho.
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Puthu sabbagatīhi avuṭṭhitāti ettha janetabbā, jāyanti vā ettha sattāti janā, nānāgatiyo, tā puthū etesanti puthujjanā.
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Ito pare jāyanti etehīti janā, abhisaṅkhārādayo, te etesaṃ puthū vijjantīti puthujjanā.
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Abhisaṅkharaṇādiattho eva vā jana-saddo daṭṭhabbo.
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Oghā kāmoghādayo.
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Rāgaggiādayo santāpā.
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Te eva, sabbepi vā kilesā pariḷāhā.
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Puthu pañcasu kāmaguṇesu rattāti ettha jāyatīti jano, rāgo gedhoti evamādiko, puthu jano etesanti puthujjanā.
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Puthūsu vā janā jātā rattāti evaṃ rāgādiattho eva vā janasaddo daṭṭhabbo.
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Rattāti vatthaṃ viya raṅgajātena cittassa vipariṇāmakarena chandarāgena rattā sārattā.
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Giddhāti abhikaṅkhanasabhāvena abhijjhānena giddhā gedhaṃ āpannā.
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Gadhitāti ganthitā viya dummocanīyabhāvena tattha paṭibaddhā.
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Mucchitāti kilesavasena visaññībhūtā viya anaññakiccā mucchaṃ mohamāpannā.
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Ajjhosannāti anaññasādhāraṇe viya katvā gilitvā pariniṭṭhapetvā ṭhitā.
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Laggāti vaṅkadaṇḍake viya āsattā mahāpalipe vā yāva nāsikaggā palipannapuriso viya uddharituṃ asakkuṇeyyabhāvena nimuggā, lagitāti makkaṭālepe ālaggabhāvena paccuḍḍito viya makkaṭo pañcannaṃ indriyānaṃ vasena ālaggitā.
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Palibuddhāti baddhā, upaddutā vā.
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Āvuṭāti āvunitā, nivutāti nivāritā.
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Ovutāti paliguṇṭhitā, pariyonaddhā vā.
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Pihitāti pidahitā, paṭicchannāti paṭicchāditā.
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Paṭikujjitāti heṭṭhāmukhajātā.
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Puthūnaṃ vā gaṇanapathamatītānantiādinā puthu jano puthujjanoti dasseti.
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"Assutavā"ti etena avijjandhatā vuttāti āha "andhaputhujjano vutto hotī"ti.
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Ārakattā (saṃ. ni. ṭī. 2.3.1) kilesehi maggena samucchinnattā.
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Anayeti avaḍḍhiyaṃ, anattheti attho.
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Anaye vā anupāye.
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Nairiyanato avattanato.
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Ayeti vaḍḍhiyaṃ, atthe, upāye vā.
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Araṇīyatoti payirupāsitabbato.
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Niruttinayena padasiddhi veditabbā purimesu atthavikappesu.
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Pacchime pana saddasatthavasenapi.
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Yadipi ariya-saddo "ye hi vo ariyā parisuddhakāyakammantā"tiādīsu (ma. ni. 1.35) visuddhāsayapayogesu puthujjanesupi vattati.
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Idha pana ariyamaggādhigamena sabbalokuttarabhāvena ca ariyabhāvo adhippetoti dassento āha "buddhā"tiādi.
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Tattha "paccekabuddhā tathāgatasāvakā ca sappurisā"ti idaṃ ariyā sappurisāti idha vuttapadānaṃ atthaṃ asaṅkarato dassetuṃ vuttaṃ.
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Yasmā pana nippariyāyato ariyasappurisabhāvā abhinnasabhāvā.
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Tasmā "sabbeva vā"tiādi vuttaṃ.
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Ettāvatāhi buddhasāvako vutto.
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Tassa hi ekantena kalyāṇamitto icchitabbo paratoghosamantarena paṭhamamaggassa anuppajjanato.
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Visesato cassa bhagavāva kalyāṇamitto adhippeto.
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Vuttañhetaṃ "mamañhi, ānanda, kalyāṇamittaṃ āgamma jātidhammā sattā jātiyā parimuccantī"tiādi (saṃ. ni. 5.2).
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So eva ca aveccapasādādhigamena daḷhabhatti nāma.
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Vuttampi cetaṃ "yaṃ mayā sāvakānaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ paññattaṃ, taṃ mama sāvakā jīvitahetupi nātikkamantī"ti (udā. 45).
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Kataññutādīhi paccekabuddhā buddhāti ettha kataṃ jānātīti kataññū.
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Kataṃ viditaṃ pākaṭaṃ karotīti katavedī.
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Anekesupi hi kappasatasahassesu kataṃ upakāraṃ jānanti paccekabuddhā pākaṭañca karonti satijananaāmisapaṭiggahaṇādinā, tathā saṃsāradukkhadukkhitassa sakkaccaṃ karonti kiccaṃ, yaṃ attanā kātuṃ sakkā.
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Sammāsambuddho pana kappānaṃ asaṅkhyeyyasahassesupi kataṃ upakāraṃ maggaphalānaṃ upanissayañca jānāti, pākaṭañca karoti, sīho viya ca evaṃ sabbattha sakkaccameva dhammadesanaṃ karonto buddhakiccaṃ karoti.
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Yāya paṭipattiyā diṭṭhā nāma honti, tassā appaṭipajjanabhāvo, tattha ca ādarābhāvo ariyānaṃ adassanasīlatā ca, na ca dassane sādhukāritā ca veditabbā.
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Cakkhunā adassāvīti etta cakkhu nāma na maṃsacakkhu eva, atha kho dibbacakkhupīti āha "dibbacakkhunā vā"ti.
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Ariyabhāvoti yehi yogato "ariyā"ti vuccanti.
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Te maggaphaladhammā daṭṭhabbā.
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Tatrāti ñāṇadassanasseva dassanabhāve.
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Vatthūti adhippetatthañāpanakāraṇaṃ.
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Evaṃ vuttepīti evaṃ aññāpadesena attūpanāyikaṃ katvā vuttepi.
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Dhammanti lokuttaradhammaṃ, catusaccadhammaṃ vā.
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Ariyakaradhammā aniccānupassanādayo vipassiyamānā aniccādayo, cattāri vā ariyasaccāni.
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Avinītoti na vinīto, adhisīlasikkhādivasena na sikkhito.
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Yesaṃ saṃvaravinayādīnaṃ abhāvena ayaṃ avinītoti vuccati, te tāva dassetuṃ "duvidho vinayo nāmā"tiādimāha.
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Tattha sīlasaṃvaroti pātimokkhasaṃvaro veditabbo, so ca atthato kāyikavācasiko avītikkamo.
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Satisaṃvaroti indriyarakkhā, sā ca tathāpavattā sati eva.
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Ñāṇasaṃvaroti "sotānaṃ saṃvaraṃ brūmī"ti (su. ni. 1040) vatvā "paññāyete pidhīyare"ti vacanato sotasaṅkhātānaṃ taṇhādiṭṭhiduccaritaavijjāavasiṭṭhakilesānaṃ saṃvaro pidahanaṃ samucchedañāṇanti veditabbaṃ.
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Khantisaṃvaroti adhivāsanā, sā ca tathāpavattā khandhā, adoso vā.
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Paññāti eke, taṃ aṭṭhakathāya virujjhati.
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Vīriyasaṃvaro kāmavitakkādīnaṃ vinodanavasena pavattaṃ vīriyameva.
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Tena tena guṇaṅgena tassa tassa aguṇaṅgassa pahānaṃ tadaṅgapahānaṃ.
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Vikkhambhanena pahānaṃ vikkhambhanapahānaṃ.
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Sesapadatthayepi eseva nayo.
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Iminā pātimokkhasaṃvarenātiādi sīlasaṃvarādīnaṃ vivaraṇaṃ.
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Tattha samupetoti ettha iti-saddo ādisattho.
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Tena "sahagato samupagato"tiādinā vibhaṅge (vibha. 511) āgataṃ saṃvaravibhaṅgaṃ dasseti.
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Esa nayo sesesupi.
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Yaṃ panettha vattabbaṃ, taṃ anantarasutte āvi bhavissati.
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Kāyaduccaritādīnanti dussīlyasaṅkhātānaṃ kāyavacīduccaritādīnaṃ muṭṭhassaccasaṅkhātassa pamādassa abhijjhādīnaṃ vā akkhantiaññāṇakosajjānañca.
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Saṃvaraṇatoti pidahanato thakanato.
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Vinayanatoti kāyavācācittānaṃ virūpappavattiyā vinayanato apanayanato, kāyaduccaritādīnaṃ vā vinayanato, kāyādīnaṃ vā jimhappavattiṃ vicchinditvā ujukaṃ nayanatoti attho.
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Paccayasamavāye uppajjanārahānaṃ kāyaduccaritādīnaṃ tathā tathā anuppādanameva saṃvaraṇaṃ vinayanañca veditabbaṃ.
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Yaṃ pahānanti sambandho.
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"Nāmarūpaparicchedādīsu vipassanāñāṇesū"ti kasmā vuttaṃ, nanu nāmarūpaparicchedapaccayapariggahakaṅkhāvitaraṇāni na vipassanāñāṇāni sammasanākārena appavattanato?
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Saccametaṃ.
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Vipassanāñāṇassa pana adhiṭṭhānabhāvato evaṃ vuttaṃ.
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"Nāmarūpamattamidaṃ, natthi ettha attā vā attaniyaṃ vā"ti evaṃ pavattañāṇaṃ nāmarūpavavatthānaṃ.
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Sati vijjamāne khandhapañcakasaṅkhāte kāye, sayaṃ vā satī tasmiṃ kāye diṭṭhīti sakkāyadiṭṭhi.
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"Rūpaṃ attato samanupassatī"ti (saṃ. ni. 3.81; 4.345) evaṃ pavattā micchādiṭṭhi.
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Tasseva rūpārūpassa kammāvijjādipaccayapariggaṇhanañāṇaṃ paccayapariggaho.
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"Natthi hetu natthi paccayo sattānaṃ saṃkilesāyā"ti (dī. ni. 1.168) ādinayappavattā ahetukadiṭṭhi.
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"Issarapurisapajāpatipakatiaṇukālādīhi loko pavattati nivattati cā"ti pavattā visamahetudiṭṭhi.
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Tassevāti paccayapariggahasseva.
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Kaṅkhāvitaraṇenāti yathā etarahi nāmarūpassa kammādipaccayato uppatti, evaṃ atītānāgatesupīti tīsupi kālesu vicikicchāpanayanañāṇena.
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Kathaṃkathībhāvassāti "ahosiṃ nu kho ahamatītamaddhāna"nti (ma. ni. 1.18; saṃ. ni. 2.20) ādinayappavattāya saṃsayappavattiyā.
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Kalāpasammasanenāti "yaṃ kiñci rūpaṃ atītānāgatapaccuppanna"ntiādinā (ma. ni. 1.361; 2.113; 3.86, 89) khandhapañcakaṃ ekādasasu okāsesu pakkhipitvā sammasanavasena pavattena nayavipassanāñāṇena.
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Ahaṃ mamāti gāhassāti attattaniyagahaṇassa.
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Maggāmaggavavatthānenāti maggāmaggañāṇavisuddhiyā.
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Amagge maggasaññāyāti obhāsādike amagge "maggo"ti uppannasaññāya.
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Yasmā sammadeva saṅkhārānaṃ udayaṃ passanto "evameva saṅkhārā anurūpakāraṇato uppajjanti, na pana ucchijjantī"ti gaṇhāti, tasmā vuttaṃ "udayadassanena ucchedadiṭṭhiyā"ti.
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Yasmā pana saṅkhārānaṃ vayaṃ passanto "yadipime saṅkhārā avicchinnā vattanti, uppannuppannā pana appaṭisandhikā nirujjhante vā"ti passati, tassevaṃ passato kuto sassataggāho, tasmā vuttaṃ "vayadassanena sassatadiṭṭhiyā"ti.
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Bhayadassanenāti bhayatupaṭṭhānañāṇena.
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Sabhayeti sabbabhayānaṃ ākarabhāvato sakaladukkhavūpasamasaṅkhātassa paramassāsassa paṭipakkhabhāvato ca sabhaye khandhapañcake.
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Abhayasaññāyāti "abhayaṃ khema"nti uppannasaññāya.
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Assādasaññā nāma pañcupādānakkhandhesu assādavasena pavattasaññā, yā "ālayābhiniveso"tipi vuccati.
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Abhiratisaññā tattheva abhirativasena pavattasaññā, yā "nandī"tipi vuccati.
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Amuccitukamyatā ādānaṃ.
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Anupekkhā saṅkhārehi anibbindanaṃ, sālayatāti attho.
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Dhammaṭṭhitiyaṃ paṭiccasamuppāde paṭilomabhāvo sassatucchedaggāho, paccayākārapaṭicchādakamoho vā, nibbāne paṭilomabhāvo saṅkhāresu rati, nibbānapaṭicchādakamoho vā.
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Saṅkhāranimittaggāhoti yādisassa kilesassa appahīnattā vipassanā saṅkhāranimittaṃ na muñcati, so kileso, yo "saṃyogābhiniveso"tipi vuccati.
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Saṅkhāranimittaggahaṇassa atikkamanameva vā pahānaṃ.
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Pavatti eva pavattibhāvo, pariyuṭṭhānanti attho.
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Nīvaraṇādidhammānanti ettha ādi-saddena nīvaraṇapakkhiyā kilesā vitakkavicārādayo ca gayhanti.
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Catunnaṃ ariyamaggānaṃ bhāvitattā accantaṃ appavattibhāvena yaṃ pahānanti sambandho.
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Kena pahānanti?
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Ariyamaggehevāti viññāyamānoyamattho tesaṃ bhāvitattā appavattivacanato.
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Samudayapakkhikassāti ettha cattāropi maggā catusaccābhisamayāti katvā tehi pahātabbena tena tena samudayena saha pahātabbattā samudayasabhāgattā, saccavibhaṅge ca sabbakilesānaṃ samudayabhāvassa vuttattā "samudayapakkhikā"ti diṭṭhiādayo vuccanti.
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Paṭippassaddhattaṃ vupasantatā.
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Saṅkhatanissaṭatā saṅkhārasabhāvābhāvo.
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Pahīnasabbasaṅkhatanti virahitasabbasaṅkhataṃ, visaṅkhāranti attho.
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Pahānañca taṃ vinayo cāti pahānavinayo purimena atthena, dutiyena pana pahīyatīti pahānaṃ, tassa vinayoti yojetabbaṃ.
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Bhinnasaṃvarattāti naṭṭhasaṃvarattā, saṃvarābhāvatoti attho.
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Tena asamādinnasaṃvaropi saṅgahito hoti.
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Samādānena hi sampādetabbo saṃvaro tadabhāve na hotīti.
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Evañhi loke vattāro honti "mahā vata no bhogo, so naṭṭho tathā akatattā"ti.
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Ariyeti ariyo.
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Paccattavacanañhetaṃ.
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Eseseti eso so eva, atthato anaññoti attho.
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Tajjāteti atthato taṃsabhāvo, sappuriso ariyasabhāvo, ariyo ca sappurisasabhāvoti attho.
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Taṃ atthanti "sabbadhammamūlapariyāya"nti evaṃ vuttamatthaṃ.
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Kasmā panettha puggalādhiṭṭhānā desanā katāti?
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Yadettha vattabbaṃ, taṃ "yasmā puthujjano apariññātavatthuko"tiādinā (ma. ni. aṭṭha. 1.2) sayameva vakkhati.
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Dhammo adhiṭṭhānaṃ etissāti dhammādhiṭṭhānā, sabhāvadhamme nissāya pavattitadesanā.
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Dhammavaseneva pavattā paṭhamā, puggalavasena uṭṭhahitvā puggalavaseneva gatā tatiyā, itarā dhammapuggalānaṃ vomissakavasena.
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Kasmā pana bhagavā evaṃ vibhāgena dhammaṃ desetīti?
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Veneyyajjhāsayena desanāvilāsena ca.
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Ye hi veneyyā dhammādhiṭṭhānāya dhammadesanāya sukhena atthaṃ paṭivijjhanti, tesaṃ tathā dhammaṃ deseti.
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Esa nayo sabbattha.
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Yassā ca dhammadhātuyā suppaṭividdhattā desanāvilāsappatto hoti, sāyaṃ suppaṭividdhā, tasmā desanāvilāsappatto dhammissaro dhammarājā yathā yathā icchati, tathā tathā dhammaṃ desetīti evaṃ iminā veneyyajjhāsayena desanāvilāsena ca evaṃ vibhāgena dhammaṃ desetīti veditabbo.
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Chadhāturoti pathavidhātu āpo-tejo-vāyo-ākāsadhātu viññāṇadhātūti imesaṃ channaṃ dhātūnaṃ vasena chadhāturo.
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"Cakkhunā rūpaṃ disvā somanassaṭṭhāniyaṃ rūpaṃ upavicaratī"tiādinā (dī. ni. 3.324) vuttānaṃ channaṃ somanassūpavicārānaṃ, channaṃ domanassaupekkhūpavicārānañca vasena aṭṭhārasamanopavicāro.
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Saccādhiṭṭhānādivasena caturādhiṭṭhāno.
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Paññācakkhunā diṭṭhadhammikassa samparāyikassa ca atthassa adassanato andho, diṭṭhadhammikasseva dassanato ekacakkhu, dvinnampi dassanato dvicakkhu, veditabbo.
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Svāyaṃ niddisīti sambandho.
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Svāyanti ca so ayaṃ, yathāvuttadesanāvibhāgakusalo bhagavāti attho.
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Apariññātavatthukoti tīhi pariññāhi apariññātakkhandho.
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Khandhā hi pariññātavatthu.
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Apariññāmūlikāti parijānanābhāvanimittā tasmiṃ sati bhāvato.
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Pariññānañhi avijjādayo kilesā paṭipakkhā tammūlikā ca sabbamaññanāti.
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Ariyānaṃ adassāvīti ettha iti-saddo ādiattho.
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Tena "ariyadhammassa akovido"tiādikaṃ puthujanassa visesanabhāvena pavattaṃ pāḷisesaṃ gaṇhāti puthujjananiddesabhāvato.
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Tenāha "evaṃ puthujjanaṃ niddisī"ti.
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Suttanikkhepavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.
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