| пали | Nyanamoli thera - english
|
Комментарии |
|
Evaṃ saraṇagamanehi sāsanotāraṃ dassetvā sāsanaṃ otiṇṇena upāsakena vā pabbajitena vā yesu sikkhāpadesu paṭhamaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ, tāni dassetuṃ nikkhittassa sikkhāpadapāṭhassa idāni vaṇṇanatthaṃ ayaṃ mātikā –
|
1. The entry into the Dispensation having been shown by means of the refuge-going, there [follows here] the Reading consisting of the Training Precepts, which was placed here in order to show what training precepts should first be trained in by someone who has already entered the Dispensation thus. Now here is a Schedule for the commentary thereto:
|
|
|
"Yena yattha yadā yasmā, vuttānetāni taṃ nayaṃ;
|
2. Of these it should be known by whom They were pronounced, where, when, and why;
|
|
|
Vatvā katvā vavatthānaṃ, sādhāraṇavisesato.
|
Defining those shared equally Next, and then that reserved to some,
|
|
|
"Pakatiyā ca yaṃ vajjaṃ, vajjaṃ paṇṇattiyā ca yaṃ;
|
Stating what is looked on askance By nature, what by ordinance.
|
|
|
Vavatthapetvā taṃ katvā, padānaṃ byañjanatthato.
|
For phrasing and for meaning too We make one common treatment do
|
|
|
"Sādhāraṇānaṃ sabbesaṃ, sādhāraṇavibhāvanaṃ;
|
For terms that all the precepts share. We must duly become aware
|
|
|
Atha pañcasu pubbesu, visesatthappakāsato.
|
Next, in the first five precepts there Of diverse meanings that they bear.
|
|
|
"Pāṇātipātapabhuti-hekatānānatādito;
|
Only the five that start 1 with killing, Then to explain we must be willing By singleness and so on, taking
|
|
|
Ārammaṇādānabhedā, mahāsāvajjato tathā.
|
By object, and by undertaking, By breach, by blamability,
|
|
|
"Payogaṅgasamuṭṭhānā, vedanāmūlakammato;
|
By means, factor, origination, By feeling, root, and action, too,
|
|
|
Viramato ca phalato, viññātabbo vinicchayo.
|
By abstinence, and by the fruit.
|
|
|
"Yojetabbaṃ tato yuttaṃ, pacchimesvapi pañcasu;
|
What thence in the last five must be Construed, and special application,
|
|
|
Āveṇikañca vattabbaṃ, ñeyyā hīnāditāpi cā"ti.
|
Then why inferior we review, And why superior to boot.
|
|
|
Tattha etāni pāṇātipātāveramaṇītiādīni dasa sikkhāpadāni bhagavatā eva vuttāni, na sāvakādīhi.
|
3. Herein, these ten training precepts were pronounced by the Blessed One himself, not by disciples, and so on.
|
|
|
Tāni ca sāvatthiyaṃ vuttāni jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme āyasmantaṃ rāhulaṃ pabbājetvā kapilavatthuto sāvatthiṃ anuppattena sāmaṇerānaṃ sikkhāpadavavatthāpanatthaṃ.
|
And they were pronounced by him at Savatthi in Jeta’s Wood, Anathapindika’s Park, when he arrived at Savatthi from Kapilavatthu after giving the venerable Rahula the Going Forth, the purpose being to give novices a definition of the training precepts.
|
|
|
Vuttaṃ hetaṃ –
|
For this is said:
|
|
|
"Atha kho bhagavā kapilavatthusmiṃ yathābhirantaṃ viharitvā yena sāvatthi tena cārikaṃ pakkāmi.
|
'Then when the Blessed One had stayed at Kapilavatthu as long as he chose, he set out to wander by stages to Savatthi,
|
|
|
Anupubbena cārikaṃ caramāno yena sāvatthi tadavasari.
|
and so doing, he eventually arrived at Savatthi.
|
|
|
Tatra sudaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme.
|
There he lived in Jeta’s Wood, Anathapindika’s Park.
|
|
|
Tena kho pana samayena - pe - atha kho sāmaṇerānaṃ etadahosi – 'kati nu kho amhākaṃ sikkhāpadāni, kattha ca amhehi sikkhitabba"'nti.
|
Now on that occasion ... [it occurred] to the novices “ How many training precepts have we?”,
|
|
|
Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ – "anujānāmi, bhikkhave, sāmaṇerānaṃ dasa sikkhāpadāni, tesu ca sāmaṇerehi sikkhituṃ, pāṇātipātāveramaṇī - pe - jātarūparajatapaṭiggahaṇā veramaṇī"ti (mahāva. 105).
|
and they told this matter to the Blessed One, [who said] “ Bhikkhus, I allow ten novices’ training precepts, and training in them by novices. They are: abstinence from killing breathing things,... Abstinence from accepting gold and silver ” ’ (Vin. i. 83-4).
|
|
|
Tānetāni "samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesū"ti (dī. ni. 1.193; ma. ni. 2.24; vibha. 508) suttānusārena saraṇagamanesu ca dassitapāṭhānusārena "pāṇātipātā veramaṇisikkhāpadaṃ samādiyāmī"ti evaṃ vācanāmaggaṃ āropitānīti veditabbāni.
|
4. These [as stated thus, firstly, in the Vinaya] should be understood to have been [again a second time] incorporated in the 'pathway ’ for the [serial order of the Tipitaka’ s] recitation according to the manner of the Suttas as follows: ' He undertakes the training precepts and trains in them ’ ( D. i. 63), and [again a third time], according to the manner of the Readings in the way shown under the Going-for-Refuge (Ch. i, §§ 7 and 16), thus: ' I undertake the training precept of abstinence from killing breathing things...’
|
|
|
Evaṃ tāva "yena yattha yadā yasmā, vuttānetāni taṃ nayaṃ vatvā"ti so nayo daṭṭhabbo.
|
So much for the lines ' Of these it should be known by whom They were pronounced, where, when, and why ’.
|
|