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95.Evaṃme sutaṃ - pe - kurūsūti mahānidānasuttaṃ.
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Tatrāyaṃ anuttānapadavaṇṇanā.
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Kurūsu viharatīti kurū nāma jānapadino rājakumārā, tesaṃ nivāso ekopi janapado ruḷhīsaddena "kurū"ti vuccati.
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Tasmiṃ kurūsu janapade.
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Aṭṭhakathācariyā panāhu – mandhātukāle tīsu dīpesu manussā "jambudīpo nāma buddhapaccekabuddhamahāsāvakacakkavattippabhutīnaṃ uttamamanussānaṃ uppattibhūmi uttamadīpo atiramaṇīyo"ti sutvā raññā mandhātucakkavattinā cakkaratanaṃ purakkhatvā cattāro dīpe anusaṃyāyantena saddhiṃ āgamaṃsu.
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Tato rājā pariṇāyakaratanaṃ pucchi – "atthi nu kho manussalokato ramaṇīyataraṃ ṭhāna"nti.
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Kasmā deva evaṃ bhaṇasi?
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Kiṃ na passasi candimasūriyānaṃ ānubhāvaṃ, nanu etesaṃ ṭhānaṃ ito ramaṇīyataranti?
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Rājā cakkaratanaṃ purakkhatvā tattha agamāsi.
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Cattāro mahārājāno – "mandhātumahārājā āgato"ti sutvāva "mahiddhiko mahānubhāvo rājā, na sakkā yuddhena paṭibāhitu"nti sakaṃ rajjaṃ niyyātesuṃ.
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So taṃ gahetvā puna pucchi – "atthi nu kho ito ramaṇīyataraṃ ṭhāna"nti?
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Athassa tāvatiṃsabhavanaṃ kathayiṃsu.
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"Tāvatiṃsabhavanaṃ, deva, ito ramaṇīyataraṃ.
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Tattha sakkassa devarañño ime cattāro mahārājāno paricārakā dovārikabhūmiyaṃ tiṭṭhanti, sakko devarājā mahiddhiko mahānubhāvo, tassimāni upabhogaṭṭhānāni – yojanasahassubbedho vejayanto pāsādo, pañcayojanasatubbedhā sudhammā devasabhā, diyaḍḍhayojanasatiko vejayantaratho tathā erāvaṇo hatthī, dibbarukkhasahassappaṭimaṇḍitaṃ nandanavanaṃ, cittalatāvanaṃ, phārusakavanaṃ, missakavanaṃ, yojanasatubbedho pāricchattako koviḷāro, tassa heṭṭhā saṭṭhiyojanāyāmā paññāsayojanavitthatā pañcadasayojanubbedhā jayakusumapupphavaṇṇā paṇḍukambalasilā, yassā mudutāya sakkassa nisīdato upaḍḍhakāyo anupavisatī"ti.
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Taṃ sutvā rājā tattha gantukāmo cakkaratanaṃ abbhukkiri.
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Taṃ ākāse patiṭṭhāsi saddhiṃ caturaṅginiyā senāya.
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Atha dvinnaṃ devalokānaṃ vemajjhato cakkaratanaṃ otaritvā pathaviyaṃ patiṭṭhāsi saddhiṃ pariṇāyakaratanapamukhāya caturaṅginiyā senāya.
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Rājā ekakova tāvatiṃsabhavanaṃ agamāsi.
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Sakko – "mandhātā āgato"ti sutvāva tassa paccuggamanaṃ katvā – "svāgataṃ, te mahārāja, sakaṃ te mahārāja, anusāsa mahārājā"ti vatvā saddhiṃ nāṭakehi rajjaṃ dve bhāge katvā ekaṃ bhāgamadāsi.
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Rañño tāvatiṃsabhavane patiṭṭhitamattasseva manussabhāvo vigacchi, devabhāvo pāturahosi.
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Tassa kira sakkena saddhiṃ paṇḍukambalasilāyaṃ nisinnassa akkhinimisamattena nānattaṃ paññāyati.
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Taṃ asallakkhentā devā sakkassa ca tassa ca nānatte muyhanti.
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So tattha dibbasampattiṃ anubhavamāno yāva chattiṃsa sakkā uppajjitvā cutā, tāva rajjaṃ kāretvā atittova kāmehi tato cavitvā attano uyyāne patiṭṭhito vātātapena phuṭṭhagatto kālamakāsi.
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Cakkaratane pana puna pathaviyaṃ patiṭṭhite pariṇāyakaratanaṃ suvaṇṇapaṭṭe mandhātu upāhanaṃ likhāpetvā idaṃ mandhātu rajjanti rajjamanusāsi.
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Tepi tīhi dīpehi āgatamanussā puna gantuṃ asakkontā pariṇāyakaratanaṃ upasaṅkamitvā – "deva, mayaṃ rañño ānubhāvena āgatā, idāni gantuṃ na sakkoma, vasanaṭṭhānaṃ no dehī"ti yāciṃsu.
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So tesaṃ ekamekaṃ janapadamadāsi.
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Tattha pubbavidehato āgatamanussehi āvasitapadeso tāyeva purimasaññāya – "videharaṭṭha"nti nāmaṃ labhi, aparagoyānato āgatamanussehi āvasitapadeso "aparantajanapado"ti nāmaṃ labhi, uttarakuruto āgatamanussehi āvasitapadeso "kururaṭṭha"nti nāmaṃ labhi, bahuke pana gāmanigamādayo upādāya bahuvacanena vohariyati.
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Tena vuttaṃ – "kurūsu viharatī"ti.
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Kammāsadhammaṃ nāma kurūnaṃ nigamoti kammāsadhammanti ettha keci dha-kārassa da-kārena atthaṃ vaṇṇayanti.
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Kammāso ettha damitoti kammāsadammo.Kammāsoti kammāsapādo porisādo vuccati.
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Tassa kira pāde khāṇukena viddhaṭṭhāne vaṇo ruhanto cittadārusadiso hutvā ruhi.
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Tasmā kammāsapādoti paññāyittha.
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So ca tasmiṃ okāse damito porisādabhāvato paṭisedhito.
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Kena?
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Mahāsattena.
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Katarasmiṃ jātaketi?
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Mahāsutasomajātaketi eke.
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Ime pana therā jayaddisajātaketi vadanti.
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Tadā hi mahāsattena kammāsapādo damito.
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Yathāha –
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"Putto yadā homi jayaddisassa;
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Pañcālaraṭṭhadhipatissa atrajo.
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Cajitvāna pāṇaṃ pitaraṃ pamocayiṃ;
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Kammāsapādampi cahaṃ pasādayi"nti.
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Keci pana dha-kāreneva atthaṃ vaṇṇayanti.
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Kurūraṭṭhavāsīnaṃ kira kuruvattadhammo, tasmiṃ kammāso jāto, tasmā taṃ ṭhānaṃ kammāso ettha dhammo jātoti kammāsadhammanti vuccati.
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Tattha niviṭṭhanigamassāpi etadeva nāmaṃ.
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Bhummavacanena kasmā na vuttanti.
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Avasanokāsato.
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Bhagavato kira tasmiṃ nigame vasanokāso koci vihāro nāma nāhosi.
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Nigamato pana apakkamma aññatarasmiṃ udakasampanne ramaṇīye bhūmibhāge mahāvanasaṇḍo ahosi tattha bhagavā vihāsi, taṃ nigamaṃ gocaragāmaṃ katvā.
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Tasmā evamettha attho veditabbo – "kurūsu viharati kammāsadhammaṃ nāma kurūnaṃ nigamo, taṃ gocaragāmaṃ katvā"ti.
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Āyasmāti piyavacanametaṃ, gāravavacanametaṃ.
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Ānandoti tassa therassa nāmaṃ.
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Ekamantanti bhāvanapuṃsakaniddeso – "visamaṃ candimasūriyā parivattantī"tiādīsu (a. ni. 4.70) viya.
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Tasmā yathā nisinno ekamantaṃ nisinno hoti, tathā nisīdīti evamettha attho daṭṭhabbo.
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Bhummatthe vā etaṃ upayogavacanaṃ nisīdīti upāvisi.
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Paṇḍitā hi garuṭṭhāniyaṃ upasaṅkamitvā āsanakusalatāya ekamantaṃ nisīdanti.
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Ayañca tesaṃ aññataro, tasmā ekamantaṃ nisīdi.
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Kathaṃ nisinno kho pana ekamantaṃ nisinno hotīti?
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Cha nisajjadose vajjetvā.
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Seyyathidaṃ – atidūraṃ, accāsannaṃ, uparivātaṃ, unnatappadesaṃ, atisammukhaṃ, atipacchāti.
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Atidūre nisinno hi sace kathetukāmo hoti, uccāsaddena kathetabbaṃ hoti.
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Accāsanne nisinno saṅghaṭṭanaṃ karoti.
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Uparivāte nisinno sarīragandhena bādhati.
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Unnatappadese nisinno agāravaṃ pakāseti.
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Atisammukhā nisinno sace daṭṭhukāmo hoti, cakkhunā cakkhuṃ āhacca daṭṭhabbaṃ hoti.
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Atipacchā nisinno sace daṭṭhukāmo hoti, gīvaṃ parivattetvā daṭṭhabbaṃ hoti.
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Tasmā ayampi tikkhattuṃ bhagavantaṃ padakkhiṇaṃ katvā sakkaccaṃ vanditvā ete cha nisajjadose vajjetvā dakkhiṇajāṇumaṇḍalassa abhimukhaṭṭhāne chabbaṇṇānaṃ buddharasmīnaṃ anto pavisitvā pasannalākhārasaṃ vigāhanto viya suvaṇṇapaṭaṃ pārupanto viya rattuppalamālāvitānamajjhaṃ pavisanto viya ca dhammabhaṇḍāgāriko āyasmā ānando nisīdi.
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Tena vuttaṃ – "ekamantaṃ nisīdī"ti.
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Kāya pana velāya, kena kāraṇena ayamāyasmā bhagavantaṃ upasaṅkamantoti?
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Sāyanhavelāyaṃ paccayākārapañhapucchanakāraṇena.
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Taṃ divasaṃ kirāyamāyasmā kulasaṅgahatthāya gharadvāre gharadvāre sahassabhaṇḍikaṃ nikkhipanto viya kammāsadhammagāmaṃ piṇḍāya caritvā piṇḍapātapaṭikkanto satthu vattaṃ dassetvā satthari gandhakuṭiṃ paviṭṭhe satthāraṃ vanditvā attano divāṭṭhānaṃ gantvā antevāsikesu vattaṃ dassetvā paṭikkantesu divāṭṭhānaṃ paṭisammajjitvā cammakkhaṇḍaṃ paññapetvā udakatumbato udakaṃ gahetvā udakena hatthapāde sītale katvā pallaṅkaṃ ābhujitvā nisinno sotāpattiphalasamāpattiṃ samāpajji.
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Atha paricchinnakālavasena samāpattito uṭṭhāya paccayākāre ñāṇaṃ otāresi.
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So – "avijjāpaccayā saṅkhārā"tiādito paṭṭhāya antaṃ, antato paṭṭhāya ādiṃ, ubhayantato paṭṭhāya majjhaṃ, majjhato paṭṭhāya ubho ante pāpento tikkhattuṃ dvādasapadaṃ paccayākāraṃ sammasi.
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Tassevaṃ sammasantassa paccayākāro vibhūto hutvā uttānakuttānako viya upaṭṭhāsi.
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Tato cintesi – "ayaṃ paccayākāro sabbabuddhehi – 'gambhīro ceva gambhīrāvabhāso cā'ti kathito, mayhaṃ kho pana padesañāṇe ṭhitassa sāvakassa sato uttāno vibhūto pākaṭo hutvā upaṭṭhāti, mayhaṃyeva nu kho esa uttānako hutvā upaṭṭhāti, udāhu aññesampī"ti?
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Athassa etadahosi – "handāhaṃ imaṃ pañhaṃ gahetvā bhagavantaṃ pucchāmi, addhā me bhagavā imaṃ atthuppattiṃ katvā sālindaṃ sineruṃ ukkhipanto viya ekaṃ suttantakathaṃ kathetvā dassessati.
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Buddhānañhi vinayapaññattiṃ, bhummantaraṃ, paccayākāraṃ, samayantaranti imāni cattāri ṭhānāni patvā gajjitaṃ mahantaṃ hoti, ñāṇaṃ anupavisati, buddhañāṇassa mahantabhāvo paññāyati, desanā gambhīrā hoti tilakkhaṇabbhāhatā suññatapaṭisaṃyuttā"ti.
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So kiñcāpi pakatiyāva ekadivase satavārampi sahassavārampi bhagavantaṃ upasaṅkamanto na ahetuakāraṇena upasaṅkamati, taṃ divasaṃ pana imaṃ pañhaṃ gahetvā – "imaṃ buddhagandhahatthiṃ āpajja ñāṇakoñcanādaṃ sossāmi, buddhasīhaṃ āpajja ñāṇasīhanādaṃ sossāmi, buddhasindhavaṃ āpajja ñāṇapadavikkamaṃ passissāmī"ti cintetvā divāṭṭhānā uṭṭhāya cammakkhaṇḍaṃ papphoṭetvā ādāya sāyanhasamaye bhagavantaṃ upasaṅkami.
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Tena vuttaṃ – "sāyanhavelāyaṃ paccayākārapañhapucchanakāraṇena upasaṅkamanto"ti.
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Yāva gambhīroti ettha yāvasaddo pamāṇātikkame, atikkamma pamāṇaṃ gambhīro, atigambhīroti attho.
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Gambhīrāvabhāsoti gambhīrova hutvā avabhāsati, dissatīti attho.
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Ekañhi uttānameva gambhīrāvabhāsaṃ hoti pūtipaṇṇādivasena kāḷavaṇṇapurāṇaudakaṃ viya.
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Tañhi jāṇuppamāṇampi sataporisaṃ viya dissati.
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Ekaṃ gambhīraṃ uttānāvabhāsaṃ hoti maṇigaṅgāya vippasannaudakaṃ viya.
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Tañhi sataporisampi jāṇuppamāṇaṃ viya khāyati.
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Ekaṃ uttānaṃ uttānāvabhāsaṃ hoti cāṭiādīsu udakaṃ viya.
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Ekaṃ gambhīraṃ gambhīrāvabhāsaṃ hoti sinerupādakamahāsamudde udakaṃ viya.
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Evaṃ udakameva cattāri nāmāni labhati.
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Paṭiccasamuppāde panetaṃ natthi.
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Ayañhi gambhīro ceva gambhīrāvabhāso cāti ekameva nāmaṃ labhati.
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Evarūpo samānopi atha ca pana me uttānakuttānako viya khāyati, yadidaṃ acchariyaṃ, bhante, abbhutaṃ bhanteti.
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Evaṃ attano vimhayaṃ pakāsento pañhaṃ pucchitvā tuṇhībhūto nisīdi.
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Bhagavā tassa vacanaṃ sutvā – "ānando bhavaggaggahaṇāya hatthaṃ pasārento viya, sineruṃ chinditvā miñjaṃ nīharituṃ vāyamamāno viya, vinā nāvāya mahāsamuddaṃ taritukāmo viya, pathaviṃ parivattetvā pathavojaṃ gahetuṃ vāyamamāno viya buddhavisayapañhaṃ attano uttānaṃ vadati.
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Handassa gambhīrabhāvaṃ ācikkhissāmī"ti cintetvā mā hevantiādimāha.
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Tattha mā hevanti ha-kāro nipātamattaṃ.
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Evaṃ mā bhaṇīti attho.
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Mā hevanti ca idaṃ vacanaṃ bhagavā āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ ussādentopi bhaṇati apasādentopi.
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