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Idāni sikkhāpadavibhaṅgassa atthaṃ vaṇṇayissāma.
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Yaṃ vuttaṃ yo panāti yo yādisotiādi.
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Ettha yo panāti vibhajitabbapadaṃ; yo yādisotiādīni tassa vibhajanapadāni.
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Ettha ca yasmā panāti nipātamattaṃ; yoti atthapadaṃ; tañca aniyamena puggalaṃ dīpeti, tasmā tassa atthaṃ dassento aniyamena puggaladīpakaṃ yo saddameva āha.
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Tasmā ettha evamattho veditabbo – yo panāti yo yokocīti vuttaṃ hoti.
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Yasmā pana yo yokoci nāma, so avassaṃ liṅga-yutta-jāti-nāma-gotta-sīla-vihāra-gocaravayesu ekenākārena paññāyati, tasmā taṃ tathā ñāpetuṃ taṃ pabhedaṃ pakāsento "yādiso"tiādimāha.
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Tattha yādisoti liṅgavasena yādiso vā tādiso vā hotu; dīgho vā rasso vā kāḷo vā odāto vā maṅguracchavi vā kiso vā thūlo vāti attho.
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Yathāyuttoti yogavasena yena vā tena vā yutto hotu; navakammayutto vā uddesayutto vā vāsadhurayutto vāti attho.
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Yathājaccoti jātivasena yaṃjacco vā taṃjacco vā hotu; khattiyo vā brāhmaṇo vā vesso vā suddo vāti attho.
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Yathānāmoti nāmavasena yathānāmo vā tathānāmo vā hotu; buddharakkhito vā dhammarakkhito vā saṅgharakkhito vāti attho.
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Yathāgottoti gottavasena yathāgotto vā tathāgotto vā yena vā tena vā gottena hotu; kaccāyano vā vāsiṭṭho vā kosiyo vāti attho.
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Yathāsīloti sīlesu yathāsīlo vā tathāsīlo vā hotu; navakammasīlo vā uddesasīlo vā vāsadhurasīlo vāti attho.
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Yathāvihārīti vihāresupi yathāvihārī vā tathāvihārī vā hotu; navakammavihārī vā uddesavihārī vā vāsadhuravihārī vāti attho.
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Yathāgocaroti gocaresupi yathāgocaro vā tathāgocaro vā hotu; navakammagocaro vā uddesagocaro vā vāsadhuragocaro vāti attho.
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Thero vāti ādīsu vayovuḍḍhādīsu yo vā so vā hotu; paripuṇṇadasavassatāya thero vā ūnapañcavassatāya navo vā atirekapañcavassatāya majjhimo vāti attho.
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Atha kho sabbova imasmiṃ atthe eso vuccati "yo panā"ti.
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Bhikkhuniddese bhikkhatīti bhikkhako; labhanto vā alabhanto vā ariyāya yācanāya yācatīti attho.
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Buddhādīhi ajjhupagataṃ bhikkhācariyaṃ ajjhupagatattā bhikkhācariyaṃ ajjhupagato nāma.
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Yo hi koci appaṃ vā mahantaṃ vā bhogakkhandhaṃ pahāya agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajito, so kasigorakkhādīhi jīvikakappanaṃ hitvā liṅgasampaṭicchaneneva bhikkhācariyaṃ ajjhupagatoti bhikkhu.
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Parapaṭibaddhajīvikattā vā vihāramajjhe kājabhattaṃ bhuñjamānopi bhikkhācariyaṃ ajjhupagatoti bhikkhu; piṇḍiyālopabhojanaṃ nissāya pabbajjāya ussāhajātattā vā bhikkhācariyaṃ ajjhupagatoti bhikkhu.
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Agghaphassavaṇṇabhedena bhinnaṃ paṭaṃ dhāretīti bhinnapaṭadharo.
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Tattha satthakacchedanena agghabhedo veditabbo.
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Sahassagghanakopi hi paṭo satthakena khaṇḍākhaṇḍikaṃ chinno bhinnaggho hoti.
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Purimagghato upaḍḍhampi na agghati.
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Suttasaṃsibbanena phassabhedo veditabbo.
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Sukhasamphassopi hi paṭo suttehi saṃsibbito bhinnaphasso hoti.
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Kharasamphassataṃ pāpuṇāti.
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Sūcimalādīhi vaṇṇabhedo veditabbo.
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Suparisuddhopi hi paṭo sūcikammato paṭṭhāya sūcimalena, hatthasedamalajallikāhi, avasāne rajanakappakaraṇehi ca bhinnavaṇṇo hoti; pakativaṇṇaṃ vijahati.
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Evaṃ tīhākārehi bhinnapaṭadhāraṇato bhinnapaṭadharoti bhikkhu.
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Gihivatthavisabhāgānaṃ vā kāsāvānaṃ dhāraṇamatteneva bhinnapaṭadharoti bhikkhu.
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Samaññāyāti paññattiyā vohārenāti attho.
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Samaññāya eva hi ekacco "bhikkhū"ti paññāyati.
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Tathā hi nimantanādimhi bhikkhūsu gaṇiyamānesu sāmaṇerepi gahetvā "sataṃ bhikkhū sahassaṃ bhikkhū"ti vadanti.
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Paṭiññāyāti attano paṭijānanena paṭiññāyapi hi ekacco "bhikkhū"ti paññāyati.
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Tassa "ko etthāti?
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Ahaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhū"ti (a. ni. 10.96) evamādīsu sambhavo daṭṭhabbo.
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Ayaṃ pana ānandattherena vuttā dhammikā paṭiññā.
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Rattibhāge pana dussīlāpi paṭipathaṃ āgacchantā "ko etthā"ti vutte adhammikāya paṭiññāya abhūtāya "mayaṃ bhikkhū"ti vadanti.
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Ehibhikkhūti ehi bhikkhu nāma bhagavato "ehi bhikkhū"ti vacanamattena bhikkhubhāvaṃ ehibhikkhūpasampadaṃ patto.
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Bhagavā hi ehibhikkhubhāvāya upanissayasampannaṃ puggalaṃ disvā rattapaṃsukūlantarato suvaṇṇavaṇṇaṃ dakkhiṇahatthaṃ nīharitvā brahmaghosaṃ nicchārento "ehi, bhikkhu, cara brahmacariyaṃ sammā dukkhassa antakiriyāyā"ti vadati.
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Tassa saheva bhagavato vacanena gihiliṅgaṃ antaradhāyati, pabbajjā ca upasampadā ca ruhati.
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Bhaṇḍu kāsāyavasano hoti.
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Ekaṃ nivāsetvā ekaṃ pārupitvā ekaṃ aṃse ṭhapetvā vāmaṃsakūṭe āsattanīluppalavaṇṇamattikāpatto –
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"Ticīvarañca patto ca, vāsi sūci ca bandhanaṃ;
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Parissāvanena aṭṭhete, yuttayogassa bhikkhuno"ti.
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Evaṃ vuttehi aṭṭhahi parikkhārehi sarīre paṭimukkehiyeva saṭṭhivassikatthero viya iriyāpathasampanno buddhācariyako buddhupajjhāyako sammāsambuddhaṃ vandamānoyeva tiṭṭhati.
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Bhagavā hi paṭhamabodhiyaṃ ekasmiṃ kāle ehibhikkhūpasampadāya eva upasampādeti.
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Evaṃ upasampannāni ca sahassupari ekacattālīsuttarāni tīṇi bhikkhusatāni ahesuṃ; seyyathidaṃ – pañca pañcavaggiyattherā, yaso kulaputto, tassa parivārā catupaṇṇāsa sahāyakā, tiṃsa bhaddavaggiyā, sahassapurāṇajaṭilā, saddhiṃ dvīhi aggasāvakehi aḍḍhateyyasatā paribbājakā, eko aṅgulimālattheroti.
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Vuttañhetaṃ aṭṭhakathāyaṃ –
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"Tīṇi sataṃ sahassañca, cattālīsaṃ punāpare;
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Eko ca thero sappañño, sabbe te ehibhikkhukā"ti.
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Na kevalañca ete eva, aññepi bahū santi.
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Seyyathidaṃ – tisataparivāro selo brāhmaṇo, sahassaparivāro mahākappino, dasasahassā kapilavatthuvāsino kulaputtā, soḷasasahassā pārāyanikabrāhmaṇāti evamādayo.
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Te pana vinayapiṭake pāḷiyaṃ na niddiṭṭhattā na vuttā.
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Ime tattha niddiṭṭhattā vuttāti.
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"Sattavīsa sahassāni, tīṇiyeva satāni ca;
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Etepi sabbe saṅkhātā, sabbe te ehibhikkhukā"ti.
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Tīhi saraṇagamanehi upasampannoti "buddhaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmī"tiādinā nayena tikkhattuṃ vācaṃ bhinditvā vuttehi tīhi saraṇagamanehi upasampanno.
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Ayañhi upasampadā nāma aṭṭhavidhā – ehibhikkhūpasampadā, saraṇagamanūpasampadā, ovādapaṭiggahaṇūpasampadā, pañhabyākaraṇūpasampadā, garudhammapaṭiggahaṇūpasampadā, dūtenūpasampadā, aṭṭhavācikūpasampadā, ñatticatutthakammūpasampadāti.
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Tattha ehibhikkhūpasampadā, saraṇagamanūpasampadā ca vuttā eva.
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Ovādapaṭiggahaṇūpasampadā nāma "tasmātiha te, kassapa, evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ – 'tibbaṃ me hirottappaṃ paccupaṭṭhitaṃ bhavissati theresu navesu majjhimesu cā'ti.
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Evañhi te, kassapa, sikkhitabbaṃ.
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Tasmātiha te, kassapa, evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ – 'yaṃ kiñci dhammaṃ sossāmi kusalūpasaṃhitaṃ, sabbaṃ taṃ aṭṭhiṃ katvā manasi katvā sabbacetasā samannāharitvā ohitasoto dhammaṃ sossāmī'ti.
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Evaṃ hi te, kassapa, sikkhitabbaṃ.
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Tasmātiha te, kassapa, evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ – 'sātasahagatā ca me kāyagatāsati na vijahissatī'ti.
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Evañhi te, kassapa, sikkhitabba"nti (saṃ. ni. 2.154) iminā ovādapaṭiggahaṇena mahākassapattherassa anuññātaupasampadā.
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Pañhabyākaraṇūpasampadā nāma sopākassa anuññātaupasampadā.
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Bhagavā kira pubbārāme anucaṅkamantaṃ sopākasāmaṇeraṃ "'uddhumātakasaññā'ti vā, sopāka, 'rūpasaññā'ti vā ime dhammā nānatthā nānābyañjanā, udāhu ekatthā, byañjanameva nāna"nti dasa asubhanissite pañhe pucchi.
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So te byākāsi.
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Bhagavā tassa sādhukāraṃ datvā "kativassosi tvaṃ, sopākā"ti pucchi.
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"Sattavassohaṃ, bhagavā"ti.
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"Sopāka, tvaṃ mama sabbaññutaññāṇena saddhiṃ saṃsanditvā pañhe byākāsī"ti āraddhacitto upasampadaṃ anujāni.
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Ayaṃ pañhabyākaraṇūpasampadā.
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Garudhammapaṭiggahaṇūpasampadā nāma mahāpajāpatiyā aṭṭhagarudhammassa paṭiggahaṇena anuññātaupasampadā.
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Dūtenūpasampadā nāma aḍḍhakāsiyā gaṇikāya anuññātaupasampadā.
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Aṭṭhavācikūpasampadā nāma bhikkhuniyā bhikkhunisaṅghato ñatticatutthena bhikkhusaṅghato ñatticatutthenāti imehi dvīhi kammehi upasampadā.
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Ñatticatutthakammūpasampadā nāma bhikkhūnaṃ etarahi upasampadā.
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Imāsu aṭṭhasu upasampadāsu "yā sā, bhikkhave, mayā tīhi saraṇagamanehi upasampadā anuññātā, taṃ ajjatagge paṭikkhipāmi.
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Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ñatticatutthena kammena upasampādetu"nti (mahāva. 69) evaṃ anuññātāya imāya upasampadāya upasampannoti vuttaṃ hoti.
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Bhadroti apāpako.
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Kalyāṇaputhujjanādayo hi yāva arahā, tāva bhadrena sīlena samādhinā paññāya vimuttiyā vimuttiñāṇadassanena ca samannāgatattā "bhadro bhikkhū"ti saṅkhyaṃ gacchanti.
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Sāroti tehiyeva sīlasārādīhi samannāgatattā nīlasamannāgamena nīlo paṭo viya "sāro bhikkhū"ti veditabbo.
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Vigatakilesapheggubhāvato vā khīṇāsavova "sāro"ti veditabbo.
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Sekhoti puthujjanakalyāṇakena saddhiṃ satta ariyā tisso sikkhā sikkhantīti sekhā.
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Tesu yo koci "sekho bhikkhū"ti veditabbo.
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Na sikkhatīti asekho.
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Sekkhadhamme atikkamma aggaphale ṭhito, tato uttari sikkhitabbābhāvato khīṇāsavo "asekho"ti vuccati.
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Samaggena saṅghenāti sabbantimena pariyāyena pañcavaggakaraṇīye kamme yāvatikā bhikkhū kammappattā, tesaṃ āgatattā chandārahānaṃ chandassa āhaṭattā, sammukhībhūtānañca appaṭikkosanato ekasmiṃ kamme samaggabhāvaṃ upagatena.
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Ñatticatutthenāti tīhi anussāvanāhi ekāya ca ñattiyā kātabbena.
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Kammenāti dhammikena vinayakammena.
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Akuppenāti vatthu-ñatti-anussāvana-sīmā-parisasampattisampannattā akopetabbataṃ appaṭikkositabbatañca upagatena.
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Ṭhānārahenāti kāraṇārahena satthusāsanārahena.
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Upasampanno nāma uparibhāvaṃ samāpanno, pattoti attho.
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Bhikkhubhāvo hi uparibhāvo, tañcesa yathāvuttena kammena samāpannattā "upasampanno"ti vuccati.
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Ettha ca ñatticatutthakammaṃ ekameva āgataṃ.
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Imasmiṃ pana ṭhāne ṭhatvā cattāri saṅghakammāni nīharitvā vitthārato kathetabbānīti sabbaaṭṭhakathāsu vuttaṃ.
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Tāni ca "apalokanakammaṃ ñattikammaṃ ñattidutiyakammaṃ ñatticatutthakamma"nti paṭipāṭiyā ṭhapetvā vitthārena khandhakato parivārāvasāne kammavibhaṅgato ca pāḷiṃ āharitvā kathitāni.
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Tāni mayaṃ parivārāvasāne kammavibhaṅgeyeva vaṇṇayissāma.
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Evañhi sati paṭhamapārājikavaṇṇanā ca na bhāriyā bhavissati; yathāṭhitāya ca pāḷiyā vaṇṇanā suviññeyyā bhavissati.
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Tāni ca ṭhānāni asuññāni bhavissanti; tasmā anupadavaṇṇanameva karoma.
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Tatrāti tesu "bhikkhako"tiādinā nayena vuttesu bhikkhūsu.
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Yvāyaṃ bhikkhūti yo ayaṃ bhikkhu.
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Samaggena saṅghena - pe - upasampannoti aṭṭhasu upasampadāsu ñatticatuttheneva kammena upasampanno.
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Ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippeto bhikkhūti ayaṃ imasmiṃ "methunaṃ dhammaṃ paṭisevitvā pārājiko hotī"ti atthe "bhikkhū"ti adhippeto.
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Itare pana "bhikkhako"ti ādayo atthuddhāravasena vuttā.
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Tesu ca "bhikkhako"ti ādayo niruttivasena vuttā, "samaññāya bhikkhu, paṭiññāya bhikkhū"ti ime dve abhilāpavasena vuttā, "ehi bhikkhū"ti buddhena upajjhāyena paṭiladdhaupasampadāvasena vutto.
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Saraṇagamanabhikkhu anuppannāya kammavācāya upasampadāvasena vutto, "bhadro"tiādayo guṇavasena vuttāti veditabbā.
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Bhikkhupadabhājanīyaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ.
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