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Sumukhāti idaṃ satthā veḷuvane viharanto āyasmato ānandassa jīvitapariccāgaṃ ārabbha kathesi.
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"All other birds, etc." This was a story told by the Master, while dwelling in the Bamboo Grove, as to how the venerable Ānanda renounced his life.
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Devadattena hi tathāgataṃ jīvitā voropetuṃ payojitesu dhanuggahesu sabbapaṭhamaṃ pesitena āgantvā "nāhaṃ, bhante, sakkomi taṃ bhagavantaṃ jīvitā voropetuṃ, mahiddhiko so bhagavā mahānubhāvo"ti vutte devadatto "alaṃ, āvuso, mā tvaṃ samaṇaṃ gotamaṃ jīvitā voropehi, ahameva samaṇaṃ gotamaṃ jīvitā voropessāmī"ti vatvā tathāgate gijjhakūṭapabbatassa pacchimachāyāya caṅkamante sayaṃ gijjhakūṭaṃ pabbataṃ abhiruhitvā yantavegena mahatiṃ silaṃ pavijjhi, "imāya silāya samaṇaṃ gotamaṃ jīvitā voropessāmī"ti.
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For when archers were suborned to slay the Tathāgata, and the first one that was sent by Devadatta 2 on this errand returned and said, "Holy sir, I cannot deprive the Blessed One of life: he is possessed of great supernatural powers," Devadatta replied, "Well, sir, you need not slay the ascetic Gotama. I myself will deprive him of life." And as the Tathāgata was walking in the shadow cast westward 3 by the Vulture's Peak, Devadatta climbed to the top of the mountain and hurled a mighty stone as if shot from a catapult, thinking, "With this stone will I slay the ascetic Gotama,"
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Tadā dve pabbatakūṭā samāgantvā taṃ silaṃ sampaṭicchiṃsu.
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but two mountain peaks meeting together intercepted the stone,
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Tato papaṭikā uppatitvā bhagavato pādaṃ paharitvā ruhiraṃ uppādesi, balavavedanā pavattiṃsu.
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and a splinter from it flew up and struck the Blessed One on the foot and drew blood, and severe pains set in.
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Jīvako tathāgatassa pādaṃ satthakena phāletvā duṭṭhalohitaṃ vametvā pūtimaṃsaṃ apanetvā dhovitvā bhesajjaṃ ālimpitvā nirogamakāsi.
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Jīvaka, cutting open the Tathāgata's foot with a knife, let out the bad blood and removed the proud flesh, and anointing the wound with a medicament healed it.
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Satthā purimasadisameva bhikkhusaṅghaparivuto mahatiyā buddhalīlāya vicari.
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The Master moved about just as he was wont aforetime, surrounded by his attendants, with all the great charm of a Buddha.
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Atha naṃ disvā devadatto cintesi – "samaṇassa gotamassa rūpasobhaggappattaṃ sarīraṃ disvā koci manussabhūto upasaṅkamituṃ na sakkoti, rañño kho pana nāḷāgiri nāma hatthī caṇḍo pharuso manussaghātako buddhadhammasaṅghaguṇe na jānāti, so taṃ jīvitakkhayaṃ pāpessatī"ti.
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So on seeing him Devadatta thought, "Verily no mortal beholding the excellent beauty of Gotama's person dare approach him, but the king's elephant Nāḷāgiri is a fierce and savage animal and knows nothing of the virtues of the Buddha, the Law, and the Assembly. He will bring about the destruction of the ascetic."
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So gantvā rañño tamatthaṃ ārocesi.
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So he went and told the matter to the king.
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Rājā "sādhū"ti sampaṭicchitvā hatthācariyaṃ pakkosāpetvā "samma, sve nāḷāgiriṃ mattaṃ katvā pātova samaṇena gotamena paṭipannavīthiyaṃ vissajjehī"ti āha.
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The king readily fell in with the suggestion, and, summoning his elephant-keeper, thus addressed him; "Sir, to-morrow you are to make Nāḷāgiri mad with drink, and at break of day to let him loose in the street where the ascetic Gotama walks."
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Devadattopi naṃ "aññesu divasesu hatthī kittakaṃ suraṃ pivatī"ti pucchitvā "aṭṭha ghaṭe, bhante"ti vutte "tena hi sve tvaṃ taṃ soḷasa ghaṭe pāyetvā samaṇena gotamena paṭipannavīthiyaṃ abhimukhaṃ kareyyāsī"ti āha.
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And Devadatta asked the keeper how much arrack the elephant was wont to drink on ordinary days, and when he answered, "Eight pots," he said, "To-morrow give him sixteen pots to drink, and send him in the direction of the street frequented by the ascetic Gotama."
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So "sādhū"ti sampaṭicchi.
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"Very good," said the keeper.
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Rājā nagare bheriṃ carāpesi – "sve nāḷāgiriṃ mattaṃ katvā nagare vissajjessati, nāgarā pātova sabbakiccāni katvā antaravīthiṃ mā paṭipajjiṃsū"ti.
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The king had a drum beaten throughout the city and proclaimed, "To-morrow Nāḷāgiri will be maddened with strong drink and let loose in the city. The men of the city are to do all that they have to do in the early morning and after that no one is to venture out into the street."
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Devadattopi rājanivesanā oruyha hatthisālaṃ gantvā hatthigopake āmantetvā "mayaṃ bhaṇe uccaṭṭhāniyaṃ nīcaṭṭhāne, nīcaṭṭhāniyaṃ vā uccaṭṭhāne kātuṃ samatthā, sace vo yasena attho, sve pātova nāḷāgiriṃ tikhiṇasurāya soḷasa ghaṭe pāyetvā samaṇassa gotamassa āgamanavelāya tuttatomarehi vijjhitvā kujjhāpetvā hatthisālaṃ bhindāpetvā samaṇena gotamena paṭipannavīthiyaṃ abhimukhaṃ katvā samaṇaṃ gotamaṃ jīvitakkhayaṃ pāpethā"ti āha.
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And Devadatta came down from the palace and went to the elephant-stall and, addressing the keepers, said, "We are able, I tell you, from a high position to degrade a man to a lowly one and to raise a man from a low position to a high one. If you are eager for honour, early to-morrow morning give Nāḷāgiri sixteen pots of fiery liquor, and at the time when the ascetic Gotama comes that way, wound the elephant with spiked goads, and when in his fury he has broken down his stall, drive him in the direction of the street where Gotama is wont to walk, and so bring about the destruction of the ascetic."
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Te "sādhū"ti sampaṭicchiṃsu.
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They readily agreed to do so.
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Sā pavatti sakalanagare vitthārikā ahosi.
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This rumour was noised abroad throughout the whole city.
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Buddhadhammasaṅghamāmakā upāsakā taṃ sutvā satthāraṃ upasaṅkamitvā "bhante, devadatto raññā saddhiṃ ekato hutvā sve tumhehi paṭipannavīthiyaṃ nāḷāgiriṃ vissajjāpessati, sve piṇḍāya apavisitvā idheva hotha, mayaṃ vihāreyeva buddhappamukhassa bhikkhusaṅghassa bhikkhaṃ dassāmā"ti vadiṃsu.
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The lay disciples attached to the Buddha, the Law, and the Priesthood, on hearing it, drew nigh to the Master and said, "Holy sir, Devadatta has been closeted with the king and to-morrow he will have Nāḷāgiri let loose in the street where you walk. Do not go into the city to-morrow for alms but remain here. We will provide food in the monastery for the priests, with Buddha at their head."
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Satthāpi "sve piṇḍāya na pavisissāmī"ti avatvāva "ahaṃ sve nāḷāgiriṃ dametvā pāṭihāriyaṃ katvā titthiye madditvā rājagahe piṇḍāya acaritvāva bhikkhusaṅghaparivuto nagarā nikkhamitvā veḷuvanameva āgamissāmi, rājagahavāsinopi bahūni bhattabhājanāni gahetvā veḷuvanameva āgamissanti, sve vihāreyeva bhattaggaṃ bhavissatī"ti iminā kāraṇena tesaṃ adhivāsesi.
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The Master without directly saying, "I will not enter the city to-morrow for alms," answered and said, "Tomorrow I will work a miracle and tame Nāḷāgiri and crush the heretics. And without going my round for alms in Rājagaha I will leave the city, attended by a company of the Brethren, and go straight to the Bamboo Grove, and the people of Rājagaha shall repair thither with many a bowl of food and to-morrow there shall be a meal provided in the refectory of the monastery." In this way did the Master grant their request.
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Te tathāgatassa adhivāsanaṃ viditvā bhattabhājanāni āharitvā "vihāreyeva dānaṃ dassāmā"ti pakkamiṃsu.
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And on learning that the Tathāgata had acceded to their wishes, they set out from the city, carrying bowls of food, and saying, "We will distribute our gifts in the monastery itself."
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Satthāpi paṭhamayāme dhammaṃ desetvā majjhimayāme devatānaṃ pañhaṃ vissajjetvā pacchimayāmassa paṭhamakoṭṭhāse sīhaseyyaṃ kappetvā dutiyakoṭṭhāse phalasamāpattiyā vītināmetvā tatiyakoṭṭhāse mahākaruṇāsamāpattiṃ samāpajjitvā vuṭṭhāya bodhaneyyabandhave olokento nāḷāgiridamane caturāsītiyā pāṇasahassānaṃ dhammābhisamayaṃ disvā vibhātāya rattiyā katasarīrapaṭijaggano hutvā āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ āmantetvā, "ānanda, ajja rājagahaparivattakesu aṭṭhārasasu mahāvihāresu sabbesampi bhikkhūnaṃ mayāsaddhiṃ rājagahaṃ pavisituṃ ārocehī"ti āha.
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And the Master in the first watch taught the Law, in the middle watch he solved hard questions, in the first part of the last watch he lay down lion-like on his right side, and the second part he spent in the Attainment of Fruition, in the third part, entering into a trance of deep pity for the sufferings of humanity, he contemplated all his kinsfolk that were ripe for conversion 1 and seeing that as the result of his conquest of Nāḷāgiri eighty-four thousand beings would be brought to a clear understanding of the Law, at daybreak, after attending to his bodily necessities, he addressed Ānanda and said, "Ānanda, to-day bid all the Brethren that are in the eighteen monasteries that are round about Rājagaha to accompany me into that city."
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Thero tathā akāsi.
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The elder did so,
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Sabbepi bhikkhū veḷuvane sannipatiṃsu.
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and all the Brethren assembled at the Bamboo Grove.
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Satthā mahābhikkhusaṅghaparivuto rājagahaṃ pāvisi.
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The Master attended by a great company of Brethren entered Rājagaha
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Atha hatthimeṇḍā yathānusiṭṭhaṃ paṭipajjiṃsu, mahanto samāgamo ahosi.
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and the elephant-keepers proceeded according to their instructions and there was a great gathering of people.
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Saddhāsampannā manussā "ajja kira buddhanāgassa tiracchānanāgena saṅgāmo bhavissati, anūpamāya buddhalīlāya nāḷāgiridamanaṃ passissāmā"ti pāsādahammiyagehacchadanādīni abhiruhitvā aṭṭhaṃsu.
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The believers thought, "To-day there will be a mighty battle between the lord elephant Buddha and this elephant of the brute world. We shall witness the defeat of Nāḷāgiri by the incomparable skill of the Buddha," and they climbed up and stood upon the upper storeys and roofs and house-tops.
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Asaddhā pana micchādiṭṭhikā "ayaṃ nāḷāgiri caṇḍo pharuso manussaghātako buddhādīnaṃ guṇaṃ na jānāti, so ajja samaṇassa gotamassa suvaṇṇavaṇṇaṃ sarīraṃ viddhaṃsetvā jīvitakkhayaṃ pāpessati, ajja paccāmittassa piṭṭhiṃ passissāmā"ti pāsādādīsu aṭṭhaṃsu.
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But the unbelieving heretics thought, "Nāḷāgiri is a fierce, savage creature, and knows nothing of the merits of Buddhas and the like. To-day he will crush the glorious form of the ascetic Gotama and bring about his death. To-day we shall look upon the back of our enemy." And they took their stand on upper storeys and other high places.
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Hatthīpi bhagavantaṃ āgacchantaṃ disvā manusse tāsento gehāni viddhaṃsento sakaṭāni saṃcuṇṇento soṇḍaṃ ussāpetvā pahaṭṭhakaṇṇavālo pabbato viya ajjhottharanto yena bhagavā tenābhidhāvi.
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And the elephant, on seeing the Blessed One approach him, terrified the people by demolishing the houses and raising his trunk he crushed the waggons into powder, and, with his ears and tail erect with excitement, he ran like some towering mountain in the direction of the Blessed One.
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Taṃ āgacchantaṃ disvā bhikkhū bhagavantaṃ etadavocuṃ – "ayaṃ, bhante, nāḷāgiri caṇḍo pharuso manussaghātako imaṃ racchaṃ paṭipanno, na kho panāyaṃ buddhādiguṇaṃ jānāti, paṭikkamatu, bhante, bhagavā, paṭikkamatu sugato"ti.
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On seeing him the Brethren thus addressed the Blessed One, "This Nāḷāgiri, holy sir, a fierce and savage creature, and a slayer of men, is coming along this road 2. Of a truth he knows nothing of the merit of Buddhas and the like. Let the Blessed One, the Auspicious One, withdraw."
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Mā, bhikkhave, bhāyittha, paṭibalo ahaṃ nāḷāgiriṃ dametunti.
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"Fear not, Brethren," he said, "I am able to overcome Nāḷāgiri."
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Athāyasmā sāriputto satthāraṃ yāci – "bhante, pitu uppannakiccaṃ nāma jeṭṭhaputtassa bhāro, ahameva taṃ damemī"ti.
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Then the venerable Sāriputta prayed the Master, saying, "Holy sir, when any service has to be rendered to a father, it is a burden laid on his eldest son. I will vanquish this creature."
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Atha naṃ satthā, "sāriputta, buddhabalaṃ nāma aññaṃ, sāvakabalaṃ aññaṃ, tiṭṭha tva"nti paṭibāhi.
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Then the Master said, "Sāriputta, the power of a Buddha is one thing, that of his disciples is another," and he rejected his offer, saying, "You are to remain here."
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Evaṃ yebhuyyena asīti mahātherā yāciṃsu.
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This too was the prayer of the eighty chief elders for the most part,
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Satthā sabbepi paṭibāhi.
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but he refused them all.
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Atha āyasmā ānando satthari balavasinehena adhivāsetuṃ asakkonto "ayaṃ hatthī paṭhamaṃ maṃ māretū"ti tathāgatassatthāya jīvitaṃ pariccajitvā gantvā satthu purato aṭṭhāsi.
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Then the venerable Ānanda by reason of his strong affection for the Master was unable to acquiesce in this and cried, "Let this elephant kill me first," and he stood before the Master, ready to sacrifice his life for the Tathāgata.
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Atha naṃ satthā "apehi, ānanda, mā me purato aṭṭhāsī"ti āha.
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So the Master said to him, "Go away, Ānanda, do not stand in front of me."
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"Bhante, ayaṃ hatthī caṇḍo pharuso manussaghātako kappuṭṭhānaggisadiso paṭhamaṃ maṃ māretvā pacchā tumhākaṃ santikaṃ āgacchatū"ti thero avaca.
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The elder said, "Holy sir, this elephant is fierce and savage, a slayer of men, like the flame at the beginning of a cycle. Let him first slay me and afterwards let him approach you."
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Yāvatatiyaṃ vuccamānopi tatheva aṭṭhāsi na paṭikkami.
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And though he was spoken to for the third time, the elder remained in the same spot and did not retire.
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Atha naṃ bhagavā iddhibalena paṭikkamāpetvā bhikkhūnaṃ antare ṭhapesi.
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Then the Blessed One by the exercise of his supernatural power made him fall back and placed him in the midst of the Brethren.
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Tasmiṃ khaṇe ekā itthī nāḷāgiriṃ disvā maraṇabhayabhītā palāyamānā aṅkena gahitaṃ dārakaṃ hatthino ca tathāgatassa ca antare chaḍḍetvā palāyi.
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At this moment a certain woman, catching sight of Nāḷāgiri, was terrified with the fear of death, and as she fled she dropped the child, which she was carrying on her hip, between the Tathāgata and the elephant and made her escape.
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Hatthī taṃ anubandhitvā nivattitvā dārakassa santikaṃ agamāsi.
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The elephant, pursuing the woman, came up with the child,
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Tadā dārako mahāravaṃ ravi.
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who uttered a loud cry.
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Satthā nāḷāgiriṃ odissakamettāya pharitvā sumadhuraṃ brahmassaraṃ nicchāretvā "ambho nāḷāgiri taṃ soḷasa surāghaṭe pāyetvā mattaṃ karontā na 'aññaṃ gaṇhissatī'ti kariṃsu, 'maṃ gaṇhissatī'ti pana kariṃsu, mā akāraṇena jaṅghāyo kilamento vicari, ito ehī"ti pakkosi.
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The Master thrilling with the charity that is expressly commanded 1, and, uttering the honeyed accents of a voice like that of Brahma, called to Nāḷāgiri, saying, "Ho! Nāḷāgiri, those that maddened you with sixteen pots of arrack did not do this that you might attack someone else, but acted thus thinking you would attack me. Do not tire out your strength by rushing about aimlessly but come hither."
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So satthu vacanaṃ sutvā akkhīni ummīletvā bhagavato rūpasiriṃ oloketvā paṭiladdhasaṃvego buddhatejena pacchinnasurāmado soṇḍaṃ olambento kaṇṇe cālento āgantvā tathāgatassa pādesu pati.
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On hearing the voice of the Master he opened his eyes and beheld the glorious form of the Blessed One, and he became greatly agitated and by the power of Buddha the intoxicating effects of the strong drink passed off. Dropping his trunk and shaking his ears he came and fell down at the feet of the Tathāgata.
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Atha naṃ satthā, "nāḷāgiri, tvaṃ tiracchānahatthī, ahaṃ buddhavāraṇo, ito paṭṭhāya mā caṇḍo pharuso manussaghātako bhava, sabbasattesu mettacittaṃ paṭilabhā"ti vatvā dakkhiṇahatthaṃ pasāretvā kumbhe parāmasitvā –
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Then the Master addressing him said, Nāḷāgiri, you are a brute elephant, I am the Buddha elephant. Henceforth be not fierce and savage, nor a slayer of men, but cultivate thoughts of charity." So saying he stretched forth his right hand and coaxed the elephant's forehead
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"Mā kuñjara nāgamāsado, dukkho hi kuñjara nāgamāsado;
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This elephant shouldst thou presume to assail, An awful doom thou wouldst erelong bewail.
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Na hi nāgahatassa kuñjara, sugati hoti ito paraṃ yato.
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To strike this elephant would destine thee To state of suffering in worlds to be.
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"Mā ca mado mā ca pamādo, na hi pamattā sugatiṃ vajanti te;
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From mad and foolish recklessness abstain, The reckless fool to heaven will ne’er attain.
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Tvaññeva tathā karissasi, yena tvaṃ sugatiṃ gamissasī"ti. (cūḷava. 342) –
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If in the next world thou wouldst win heaven's bliss, See that thou doest what is right in this.
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Dhammaṃ desesi.
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- and taught the Law to him in these words.
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Tassa sakalasarīraṃ pītiyā nirantaraṃ phuṭaṃ ahosi.
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The whole body of the elephant constantly thrilled with joy,
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Sace kira tiracchānagato nābhavissā, sotāpattiphalaṃ adhigamissā.
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and had he not been a mere quadruped, he would have entered on the fruition of the First Path.
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Manussā taṃ pāṭihāriyaṃ disvā unnadiṃsu apphoṭiṃsu, sañjātasomanassā nānābharaṇāni khipiṃsu, tāni hatthissa sarīraṃ paṭicchādayiṃsu.
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The people, on beholding this miracle, shouted and snapped their fingers. In their joy they cast upon him all manner of ornaments and covered therewith all the body of the elephant.
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Tato paṭṭhāya nāḷāgiri dhanapālako nāma jāto.
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Thenceforth Nāḷāgiri was known as Dhanapālaka (keeper of treasure).
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Tasmiṃ kho pana dhanapālakasamāgame caturāsīti pāṇasahassāni amataṃ piviṃsu.
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—Now on the occasion of this encounter with Dhanapālaka eighty-four thousand beings drank the nectar of immortality.
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Satthā dhanapālakaṃ pañcasu sīlesu patiṭṭhāpesi.
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—And the Master established Dhanapālaka in the five moral laws.
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So soṇḍāya bhagavato pāde paṃsūni gahetvā upari muddhani ākiritvā paṭikuṭitova paṭikkamitvā dassanūpacāre ṭhito dasabalaṃ vanditvā nivattitvā hatthisālaṃ pāvisi.
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With his trunk taking up dust from the feet of the Blessed One the elephant sprinkled it on his head, and retiring with bent body he stood bowing to the Dasabala as long as he was in sight, and then he turned and entered the elephant-stall.
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Tato paṭṭhāya dantasudanto hutvā na kañci viheṭheti.
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Thenceforth he was quite tame and harmed no man.
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Satthā nipphannamanoratho "yehi yaṃ dhanaṃ khittaṃ, tesaññeva taṃ hotū"ti adhiṭṭhāya "ajja mayā mahantaṃ pāṭihāriyaṃ kataṃ, imasmiṃ nagare piṇḍāya caraṇaṃ appaṭirūpa"nti titthiye madditvā bhikkhusaṅghaparivuto jayappatto viya khattiyo nagarā nikkhamitvā veḷuvanameva gato.
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The Master, now that his desire was fulfilled, decided that the treasure should remain the property of those by whom it had been thrown upon the elephant and thinking, "To-day I have wrought a great miracle. It is not seemly that I should go my rounds for alms in this city," and after crushing the heretics, surrounded by a band of the Brethren, he sallied forth from the city like a victorious warrior chief and made straight for the Bamboo Grove.
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Nagaravāsino bahuṃ annapānakhādanīyaṃ ādāya vihāraṃ gantvā mahādānaṃ pavattayiṃsu.
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The citizens, taking with them a quantity of boiled rice, drink, and some solid food, went to the monastery and set on foot almsgiving on a grand scale.
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Taṃ divasaṃ sāyanhasamaye dhammasabhaṃ pūretvā sannisinnā bhikkhū kathaṃ samuṭṭhāpesuṃ – "āvuso, āyasmatā ānandena tathāgatassatthāya attano jīvitaṃ pariccajantena dukkaraṃ kataṃ, nāḷāgiriṃ disvā satthārā tikkhattuṃ paṭibāhiyamānopi nāpagato, aho dukkarakārako, āvuso, āyasmā ānando"ti.
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That day at eventide, as they sat filling the Hall of Truth, the Brethren started a topic, saying, "The venerable Ānanda achieved a marvellous thing in being ready to sacrifice his life for the sake of the Tathāgata. On seeing Nāḷāgiri, though he was thrice forbidden by the Master to remain, he refused to go away. O sirs, of a truth the elder was the doer of a marvellous deed."
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Satthā "ānandassa guṇakathā pavattati, gantabbaṃ mayā etthā"ti gandhakuṭito nikkhamitvā āgantvā "kāya nuttha, bhikkhave, etarahi kathāya sannisinnā"ti pucchitvā "imāya nāmā"ti vutte "na, bhikkhave, idāneva, pubbepi ānando tiracchānayoniyaṃ nibbattopi mamatthāya jīvitaṃ pariccajiyevā"ti vatvā tehi yācito atītaṃ āhari.
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The Master, thinking, "The conversation turns on the merits of Ānanda, I must be present at it," went forth from his Perfumed Chamber and came and asked them, saying, "On what subject are ye discoursing, Brethren, as ye sit here? " And when they answered, "On such and such a topic," he said, "Not now only, but formerly too, Ānanda, even when he was born in an animal form, renounced his life for my sake," and so saying he told a story of the past.
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Atīte mahiṃsakaraṭṭhe sāgalanagare sāgalo nāma rājā dhammena rajjaṃ kāresi.
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Once upon a time in the kingdom of Mahiṁsaka in the city of Sakuḷa a king named Sakuḷa ruled his kingdom righteously.
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Tadā nagarato avidūre ekasmiṃ nesādagāmake aññataro nesādo pāsehi sakuṇe bandhitvā nagare vikkiṇanto jīvikaṃ kappesi.
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At that time not far from the city a certain fowler in a village of fowlers got his living by snaring birds and selling them in the city.
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Nagarato ca avidūre āvaṭṭato dvādasayojano mānusiyo nāma padumasaro ahosi pañcavaṇṇapadumasañchanno.
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Near that city was a lotus-lake called Mānusiya, twelve leagues in circumference, covered with five varieties of lotus.
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Tattha nānappakāro sakuṇasaṅgho otari.
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Thither repaired a flock of all manner of birds
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So nesādo tattha aniyāmena pāse oḍḍesi.
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and the fowler set his snares there freely.
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Tasmiṃ kāle dhataraṭṭho haṃsarājā channavutihaṃsasahassaparivāro cittakūṭapabbate suvaṇṇaguhāyaṃ vasati, sumukho nāmassa senāpati ahosi.
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At this time the king of the Dhataraṭṭha geese, with a following of ninety-six thousand geese, dwelt in Golden Cave on mount Cittakūṭa and his commander-in-chief was named Sumukha.
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Athekadivasaṃ tato haṃsayūthā katipayā suvaṇṇahaṃsā mānusiyaṃ saraṃ gantvā pahūtagocare tasmiṃ yathāsukhaṃ vicaritvā suhitā cittakūṭaṃ āgantvā dhataraṭṭhassa ārocesuṃ – "mahārāja, manussapathe mānusiyo nāma padumasaro sampannagocaro, tattha gocaraṃ gaṇhituṃ gacchāmā"ti.
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Now one day a flock composed of some golden geese came to the lake Mānusiya, and, after browsing to their heart's content in this abundant feeding ground, they flew up to the beautiful Cittakūṭa and thus addressed the Dhataraṭṭha king: "Sire, there is a lotus-lake called Mānusiya, a rich feeding ground lying midst the haunts of men. Thither we will go to feed."
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So "manussapatho nāma sāsaṅko sappaṭibhayo, mā vo ruccitthā"ti paṭikkhipitvāpi tehi punappunaṃ vuccamāno "sace tumhākaṃ ruccati, gacchāmā"ti saparivāro taṃ saraṃ agamāsi.
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He answered, "The haunts of men are dangerous: let not this approve itself to you." And though he declined to go, yet being importuned he said, "If it be your good pleasure, we will go," and with his following he repaired to that lake.
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So ākāsā otaranto pādaṃ pāse pavesentoyeva otari.
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Alighting from the air he set his foot in a noose at the very moment he touched the ground.
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Athassa pāso pādaṃ ayapaṭṭakena kaḍḍhanto viya ābandhitvā gaṇhi.
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So the noose seized his foot as it were with an iron vice and caught and held him fast.
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Athassa "chindissāmi na"nti ākaḍḍhantassa paṭhamavāre cammaṃ chijji, dutiyavāre maṃsaṃ chijji, tatiyavāre nhāru chijji, pāso aṭṭhiṃ āhacca aṭṭhāsi, lohitaṃ pagghari, balavavedanā pavattiṃsu.
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Then thinking to sever the snare he tugged at it, and first the skin was broken, next the flesh was torn, and lastly the tendon, till the snare touched the bone and the blood flowed and severe pains set in.
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So cintesi – "sacāhaṃ baddharavaṃ ravissāmi, ñātakā me utrastā hutvā gocaraṃ aggaṇhitvā chātajjhattāva palāyantā dubbalatāya mahāsamudde patissantī"ti.
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He thought, "If I should utter a cry of capture, my kinsfolk would be alarmed and without feeding would fly away famished and through weakness they would fall into the water."
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So vedanaṃ adhivāsetvā ñātīnaṃ yāvadatthaṃ caritvā haṃsānaṃ kīḷanakāle mahantena saddena baddharavaṃ ravi.
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So he bore with the pain and when his kinsfolk had eaten their fill and were disporting themselves after the manner of geese, he uttered the loud cry of a captured bird.
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Taṃ sutvā te haṃsā maraṇabhayatajjitā vaggavaggā hutvā cittakūṭābhimukhā pakkamiṃsu.
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On hearing it these geese were frightened with the fear of death and flew off in the direction of Cittakūṭa.
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Tesu pakkantesu sumukho haṃsasenāpati "kacci nu kho idaṃ bhayaṃ mahārājassa uppannaṃ, jānissāmi na"nti vegena pakkhanditvā purato gacchantassa haṃsagaṇassa antare mahāsattaṃ adisvā majjhimahaṃsagaṇaṃ vicini, tatthapi adisvā pacchimahaṃsagaṇaṃ vicini, tatthapi adisvā "nissaṃsayaṃ tassevedaṃ bhayaṃ uppanna"nti nivattitvā āgacchanto mahāsattaṃ pāse baddhaṃ lohitamakkhitaṃ dukkhāturaṃ paṅkapiṭṭhe nipannaṃ disvā "mā bhāyi, mahārāja, ahaṃ mama jīvitaṃ pariccajitvā tumhe pāsato mocessāmī"ti vadanto otaritvā mahāsattaṃ assāsentova paṅkapiṭṭhe nisīdi.
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As soon as they were gone, Sumukha, the captain of the geese, thought, "Can it be that this means something terrible has happened to the Great King? I will find out what it is," and flying at full speed, and not seeing the Great Being amongst those in the van of the retreating army of geese, he sought him in the main body of the birds and there too failing to find him he said, "Without all doubt something terrible has occurred," [339] and he turned back and found the Great Being caught in a snare, stained with blood and suffering great pain, lying on the muddy ground, And he alighted and sat on the ground and trying to comfort the Great Being he said, "Fear not, sire: I will release you from the snare at the sacrifice of my own life."
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Atha naṃ vīmaṃsanto mahāsatto paṭhamaṃ gāthamāha –
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Then to test him the Great Being spoke the first stanza:
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1.
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"Sumukha anupacinantā, pakkamanti vihaṅgamā;
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All other birds, heedless of me, have fled in haste away;
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Gaccha tuvampi mā kaṅkhi, natthi baddhe sahāyatā"ti.
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What friendship can a captive know? Be off, make no delay.
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Tattha anupacinantāti sinehena ālayavasena anolokentā.
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Pakkamantīti ete channavuti haṃsasahassā ñātivihaṅgamā maṃ chaḍḍetvā gacchanti, tvampi gaccha, mā idha vāsaṃ ākaṅkhi, evañhi pāsena baddhe mayi sahāyatā nāma natthi, na hi te ahaṃ idāni kiñci sahāyakiccaṃ kātuṃ sakkhissāmi, kiṃ te mayā nirūpakārena, papañcaṃ akatvā gacchevāti vadati.
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Ito paraṃ –
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Here moreover followed these stanzas 1:
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2.
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"Gacche vāhaṃ na vā gacche, na tena amaro siyaṃ;
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Whether I go or stay with thee, I still some day must die:
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Sukhitaṃ taṃ upāsitvā, dukkhitaṃ taṃ kathaṃ jahe.
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I've courted thee in weal, in woe from thee I may not fly.
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3.
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"Maraṇaṃ vā tayā saddhiṃ, jīvitaṃ vā tayā vinā;
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I either then must die with thee, or live a life forlorn,
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Tadeva maraṇaṃ seyyo, yañce jīve tayā vinā.
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Far better ’twere to die at once than live thy loss to mourn.
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4.
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"Nesa dhammo mahārāja, yaṃ taṃ evaṃ gataṃ jahe;
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It is not right to leave thee, sire, in such a sorry state;
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Yā gati tuyhaṃ sā mayhaṃ, ruccate vihagādhipa.
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Nay, I am well content to share whate’er may be thy fate.
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5.
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"Kā nu pāsena baddhassa, gati aññā mahānasā;
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What fate for one caught in a snare except the cruel spit?
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Sā kathaṃ cetayānassa, muttassa tava ruccati.
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How in thy senses and still free couldst thou to this submit?
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6.
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"Kaṃ vā tvaṃ passase atthaṃ, mama tuyhañca pakkhima;
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What good for thee or me, O bird, herein dost thou descry,
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Ñātīnaṃ vāvasiṭṭhānaṃ, ubhinnaṃ jīvitakkhaye.
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Or for the kin surviving us, if both of us should die?
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7.
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"Yaṃ na kañcanadepiñcha, andhena tamasā gataṃ;
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Wrapt, golden-wingèd one, in night will be thy deed of worth;
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Tādise sañcajaṃ pāṇaṃ, kamatthamabhijotaye.
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What moral would such sacrifice, if brought to light, show forth?
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8.
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"Kathaṃ nu patataṃ seṭṭha, dhamme atthaṃ na bujjhasi;
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That blessings follow Right, O king of birds, dost thou not see?
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Dhammo apacito santo, atthaṃ dasseti pāṇinaṃ.
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Right duly honoured shows to men what their true good may be.
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9.
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"Sohaṃ dhammaṃ apekkhāno, dhammā catthaṃ samuṭṭhitaṃ;
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Seeing the Right and all the Good that still from Right may spring,
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Bhattiñca tayi sampassaṃ, nāvakaṅkhāmi jīvitaṃ.
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For love of thee I cheerfully my life away would fling.
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10."Addhā eso sataṃ dhammo, yo mitto mittamāpade.
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If mindful of the Right one ne’er forsakes a suffering friend,
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Na caje jīvitassāpi, hetudhammamanussaraṃ.
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Not e’en to save one's life, such act as Right the wise commend.
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11.
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"Svāyaṃ dhammo ca te ciṇṇo, bhatti ca viditā mayi;
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Thy duty nobly done, the while I recognise thy love,
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Kāmaṃ karassu mayhetaṃ, gacchevānumato mayā.
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Depart at once, if thou wouldst do the thing I most approve.
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12.
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"Api tvevaṃ gate kāle, yaṃ khaṇḍaṃ ñātinaṃ mayā;
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Perhaps in time the ties that bound my kin beneath my sway,
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Tayā taṃ buddhisampannaṃ, assa paramasaṃvutaṃ.
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With fuller knowledge and control may pass to thee some day.
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13.
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"Iccevaṃ mantayantānaṃ, ariyānaṃ ariyavuttinaṃ;
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As thus these noble birds exchanged high thoughts, to them, behold,
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Paccadissatha nesādo, āturānamivantako.
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Like Death to some bedridden wretch appeared this fowler bold.
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14.
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"Te sattumabhisañcikkha, dīgharattaṃ hitā dijā;
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The friends in him discerning well the enemy they fear,
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Tuṇhīmāsittha ubhayo, na sañcalesumāsanā.
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Long silent sat and motionless, as he to them drew near.
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15.
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"Dhataraṭṭhe ca disvāna, samuḍḍente tato tato;
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Seeing the geese rise here and there and vanish into space,
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Abhikkhamatha vegena, dijasattu dijādhipe.
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Their foe, where sat these noble birds, in haste approached the place.
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16.
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"So ca vegenabhikkamma, āsajja parame dije;
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And as he ran with utmost speed and reached the fated spot,
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Paccakamittha nesādo, baddhā iti vicintayaṃ.
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The fowler, trembling at the thought, cried, "Are they caught or not?"
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17.
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"Ekaṃva baddhamāsīnaṃ, abaddhañca punāparaṃ;
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The one he saw caught in the snare, the other bird he found
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Āsajja baddhamāsīnaṃ, pekkhamānamadīnavaṃ.
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Watching his captive friend, himself unfettered and unbound.
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18.
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"Tato so vimatoyeva, paṇḍare ajjhabhāsatha;
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Perplexed and doubting in his mind he viewed the noble pair,
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Pavaḍḍhakāye āsīne, dijasaṅghagaṇādhipe.
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—Full grown were they, two comely birds—and thus he spake them fair.
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19.
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"Yaṃ nu pāsena mahatā, baddho na kurute disaṃ;
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Granted that one caught in a snare may never fly away 1,
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Atha kasmā abaddho tvaṃ, balī pakkhi na gacchasi.
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Why, mighty bird, dost thou, still free, resolve with him to stay?
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20.
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"Kiṃ nu tyāyaṃ dijo hoti, mutto baddhaṃ upāsasi;
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What is this fowl to thee, that when the rest are fled and gone,
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Ohāya sakuṇā yanti, kiṃ eko avahīyasi.
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Though free, beside the captive bird thou sittest here alone?
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21.
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"Rājā me so dijāmitta, sakhā pāṇasamo ca me;
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O foe of birds, my friend and king, dear as my life is he;
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Neva naṃ vijahissāmi, yāva kālassa pariyāyaṃ.
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Forsake him—no, I never will, until Death calls for me.
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22.
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"Kathaṃ panāyaṃ vihaṅgo, nāddasa pāsamoḍḍitaṃ;
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How was it that this bird ne’er spied the fowler's secret snare?
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Padañhetaṃ mahantānaṃ, boddhumarahanti āpadaṃ.
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Of mighty chiefs the function is of danger to be ware.
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23.
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"Yadā parābhavo hoti, poso jīvitasaṅkhaye;
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When ruin comes upon a man and Death's hour draweth nigh,
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Atha jālañca pāsañca, āsajjāpi na bujjhati.
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Though you may close upon it come, nor trap nor snare you spy.
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24.
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"Api tveva mahāpañña, pāsā bahuvidhā tatā;
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Snares of all kinds, O holy ones, are ofttimes set in vain:
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Guyhamāsajja bajjhanti, athevaṃ jīvitakkhaye"ti. –
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In fatal hour at last one's caught in hidden snare and slain.
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Imāsaṃ gāthānaṃ sambandho pāḷinayeneva veditabbo.
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Tattha gacche vāti, mahārāja, ahaṃ ito gaccheyyaṃ vā na vā, nāhaṃ tena gamanena vā agamanena vā amaro siyaṃ, ahañhi ito gatopi agatopi maraṇato amuttova, ito pubbe pana sukhitaṃ taṃ upāsitvā idāni dukkhitaṃ taṃ kathaṃ jaheyyanti vadati.
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Maraṇaṃ vāti mama agacchantassa vā tayā saddhiṃ maraṇaṃ bhaveyya, gacchantassa vā tayā vinā jīvitaṃ.
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Tesu dvīsu yaṃ tayā saddhiṃ maraṇaṃ, tadeva me varaṃ, yaṃ tayā vinā jīveyyaṃ, na me taṃ varanti attho.
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Ruccateti yā tava gati nipphatti, sāva mayhaṃ ruccati.
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Sā kathanti samma sumukha mama tāva daḷhena vālapāsena baddhassa parahatthaṃ gatassa sā gati ruccatu, tava pana cetayānassa sacetanassa paññavato muttassa kathaṃ ruccati.
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Pakkhimāti pakkhasampanna.
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Ubhinnanti amhākaṃ dvinnaṃ jīvitakkhaye sati tvaṃ mama vā tava vā avasiṭṭhañātīnaṃ vā kaṃ atthaṃ passasi.
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Yaṃ nāti ettha na-kāro upamāne.
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Kañcanadepiñchāti kañcanadvepiñcha, ayameva vā pāṭho, kañcanasadisaubhayapakkhāti attho.
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Tamasāti tamasi.
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Gatanti kataṃ, ayameva vā pāṭho.
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Purimassa na-kārassa iminā sambandho, "na kata"nti kataṃ viyāti attho.
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Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti – tayi pāṇaṃ cajantepi acajantepi mama jīvitassa abhāvā yaṃ tava pāṇasañcajanaṃ, taṃ andhena tamasi kataṃ viya kiñcideva rūpakammaṃ apaccakkhaguṇaṃ, tādise tava apaccakkhaguṇe pāṇasañcajane tvaṃ pāṇaṃ sañcajanto kamatthaṃ joteyyāsīti.
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Dhammo apacito santoti dhammo pūjito mānito samāno.
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Atthaṃ dassetīti vuddhiṃ dasseti.
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Apekkhānoti apekkhanto.
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Dhammā catthanti dhammato ca atthaṃ samuṭṭhitaṃ passanto.
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Bhattinti sinehaṃ.
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Sataṃ dhammoti paṇḍitānaṃ sabhāvo.
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Yo mittoti yo mitto āpadāsu mittaṃ na caje, tassa acajantassa mittassa esa sabhāvo nāma addhā sataṃ dhammo.
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Viditāti pākaṭā jātā.
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Kāmaṃ karassūti etaṃ mama kāmaṃ mayā icchitaṃ mama vacanaṃ karassu.
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Api tvevaṃ gate kāleti api tu evaṃ gate kāle mayi imasmiṃ ṭhāne pāsena baddhe.
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Paramasaṃvutanti paramaparipuṇṇaṃ.
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Iccevaṃ mantayantānanti "gaccha, na gacchāmī"ti evaṃ kathentānaṃ ariyānanti ācāraariyānaṃ.
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Paccadissathāti kāsāyāni nivāsetvā rattamālaṃ piḷandhitvā muggaraṃ ādāya āgacchanto adissatha.
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Āturānanti gilānānaṃ maccu viya.
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Abhisañcikkhāti, bhikkhave, te ubhopi sattuṃ āyantaṃ passitvā.
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Hitāti dīgharattaṃ aññamaññassa hitā muducittā.
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Na sañcalesumāsanāti āsanato na caliṃsu, yathānisinnāva ahesuṃ.
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Sumukho pana "ayaṃ nesādo āgantvā paharanto maṃ paṭhamaṃ paharatū"ti cintetvā mahāsattaṃ pacchato katvā nisīdi.
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Dhataraṭṭheti haṃse.
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Samuḍḍenteti maraṇabhayena ito cito ca uppatante disvā.
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Āsajjāti itare dve jane upagantvā.
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Paccakamitthāti "baddhā, na baddhā"ti cintento upadhārento akamittha, vegaṃ hāpetvā saṇikaṃ agamāsi.
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Āsajja baddhamāsīnanti baddhaṃ mahāsattaṃ upagantvā nisinnaṃ sumukhaṃ.
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Adīnavantiādīnavameva hutvā mahāsattaṃ olokentaṃ disvā.
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Vimatoti kiṃ nu kho abaddho baddhassa santike nisinno, kāraṇaṃ pucchissāmīti vimatijāto hutvāti attho.
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Paṇḍareti haṃse, atha vā parisuddhe nimmale, sampahaṭṭhakañcanavaṇṇeti attho.
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Pavaḍḍhakāyeti vaḍḍhitakāye mahāsarīre.
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Yaṃ nūti yaṃ tāva eso mahāpāsena baddho.
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Na kurute disanti palāyanatthāya ekaṃ disaṃ na bhajati, taṃ yuttanti adhippāyo.
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Balīti balasampanno hutvāpi.
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Pakkhīti taṃ ālapati.
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Ohāyāti chaḍḍetvā.
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Yantīti sesasakuṇā gacchanti.
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Avahīyasīti ohīyasi.
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Dijāmittāti dijānaṃ amitta.
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Yāva kālassa pariyāyanti yāva maraṇassa vāro āgacchati.
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Kathaṃ panāyanti tvaṃ rājā me soti vadasi, rājāno ca nāma paṇḍitā honti, itipi paṇḍito samāno kena kāraṇena oḍḍitaṃ pāsaṃ na addasa.
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Padaṃ hetanti yasamahattaṃ vā ñāṇamahattaṃ vā pattānaṃ attano āpadabujjhanaṃ nāma padaṃ kāraṇaṃ, tasmā te āpadaṃ boddhumarahanti.
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Parābhavoti avaḍḍhi.
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Āsajjāpīti upagantvāpi na bujjhati.
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Tatāti vitatā oḍḍitā.
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Guyhamāsajjāti tesu pāsesu yo guḷho paṭicchanno pāso, taṃ āsajja bajjhanti.
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Athevanti atha evaṃ jīvitakkhaye bajjhantevāti attho.
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Iti naṃ so kathāsallāpena muduhadayaṃ katvā mahāsattassa jīvitaṃ yācanto gāthamāha –
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Thus did he by discoursing with him soften the fowler's heart, and begging for the life of the Great Being he spoke this stanza:
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25.
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"Api nāyaṃ tayā saddhiṃ, saṃvāsassa sukhudrayo;
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Is this the happy issue 4, say, of friendly talk with thee,
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Api no anumaññāsi, api no jīvitaṃ dade"ti.
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And wilt thou, prithee, spare our lives and let us both go free?
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Tattha api nāyanti api nu ayaṃ.
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Sukhudrayoti sukhaphalo.
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Api no anumaññāsīti cittakūṭaṃ gantvā ñātake passituṃ tvaṃ api no anujāneyyāsi.
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Api no jīvitaṃ dadeti api no imāya kathāya uppannavissāso na māreyyāsīti.
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So tassa madhurakathāya bajjhitvā gāthamāha –
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The fowler, charmed by Sumukha's sweet discourse, spoke this stanza:
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26.
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"Na ceva me tvaṃ baddhosi, napi icchāmi te vadhaṃ;
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No prisoner of mine art thou; begone, quick, hence away;
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Kāmaṃ khippamito gantvā, jīva tvaṃ anigho cira"nti.
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I would not shed thy blood; unscathed, live on for many a day.
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Tato sumukho catasso gāthā abhāsi –
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Then Sumukha repeated four stanzas:
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27.
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"Nevāhametamicchāmi, aññatretassa jīvitā;
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I should not care to live myself, if this my friend were dead,
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Sace ekena tuṭṭhosi, muñcetaṃ mañca bhakkhaya.
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Content with one, let him go free, and eat my flesh instead.
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28.
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"Ārohapariṇāhena, tulyāsmā vayasā ubho;
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We two are much the same in age, in length and breadth of limb;
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Na te lābhena jīvatthi, etena niminā tuvaṃ.
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No loss for thee, if thou shouldst take me in exchange for him.
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29.
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"Tadiṅgha samapekkhassu, hotu giddhi tavamhasu;
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Regard it in this light and glut thy appetite on me;
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Maṃ pubbe bandha pāsena, pacchā muñca dijādhipaṃ.
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First bind me in the snare, then let this king of birds go free.
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30.
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"Tāvadeva ca te lābho, katāssa yācanāya ca;
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Thus thou wouldst gain thy wish and I my heart's desire secure,
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Mitti ca dhataraṭṭhehi, yāvajīvāya te siyā"ti.
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And peace would be ’twixt geese and thee, long as life should endure.
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Tattha etanti yaṃ aññatra etassa jīvitā mama jīvitaṃ, etaṃ ahaṃ neva icchāmi.
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Tulyāsmāti samānā homa.
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Niminā tuvanti parivattehi tvaṃ.
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Tavamhasūti tava amhesu giddhi hotu, kiṃ te etena, mayi lobhaṃ uppādehīti vadati.
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Tāvadevāti tattakoyeva.
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Yācanāya cāti yā mama yācanā, sāva katā assāti attho.
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Iti so tāya dhammadesanāya tele pakkhittakappāsapicu viya mudugatahadayo mahāsattaṃ tassa dāyaṃ katvā dadanto āha –
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Thus by the preaching of the Law was this fowler's heart softened, even as cotton dipped in oil, and in yielding up the Great Being to him, as a slave to his owner, he said:
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31.
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"Passantu no mahāsaṅghā, tayā muttaṃ ito gataṃ;
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Be witness all your sages, friends, servants, and kith and kin,
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Mittāmaccā ca bhaccā ca, puttadārā ca bandhavā.
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Through thee alone this king of birds his liberty did win.
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32.
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"Na ca te tādisā mittā, bahūnaṃ idha vijjati;
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To few ’tis given to own a friend like thee prepared to share
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Yathā tvaṃ dhataraṭṭhassa, pāṇasādhāraṇo sakhā.
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A common fate, as when thy king was caught in deadly snare.
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33.
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"So te sahāyaṃ muñcāmi, hotu rājā tavānugo;
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So I release thy friend the king, to follow thee afar,
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Kāmaṃ khippamito gantvā, ñātimajjhe virocathā"ti.
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Quick, hence away, amidst thy kin to shine fair as a star.
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Tattha noti nipātamattaṃ.
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Tayā muttanti imañhi tvaññeva muñcasi nāma, tasmā imaṃ tayā muttaṃ ito cittakūṭapabbataṃ gataṃ mahantā ñātisaṅghā ete ca mittādayo passantu.
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Ettha ca bandhavāti ekalohitasambandhā.
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Vijjatīti vijjanti.
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Pāṇasādhāraṇoti sādhāraṇapāṇo avibhattajīviko, yathā tvaṃ etassa sakhā, etādisā aññesaṃ bahūnaṃ mittā nāma na vijjanti.
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Tavānugoti etaṃ dukkhitaṃ ādāya purato gacchantassa tava ayaṃ anugo hotūti.
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Evaṃ vatvā pana nesādaputto mettacittena mahāsattaṃ upasaṅkamitvā bandhanaṃ chinditvā āliṅgitvā sarato nikkhāmetvā saratīre taruṇadabbatiṇapiṭṭhe nisīdāpetvā pāde bandhanapāsaṃ muducittena saṇikaṃ mocetvā dūre khipitvā mahāsatte balavasinehaṃ paccupaṭṭhāpetvā mettacittena udakaṃ ādāya lohitaṃ dhovitvā punappunaṃ parimajji.
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And so saying, the fowler with kindness in his heart drew nigh to the Great Being, and cutting his bonds took him up in his arms and lifting him out of the water laid him on the bank of the lake upon the fresh grass, and with great tenderness gently loosing the snare that bound his foot threw it to a distance.
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Tassa mettacittānubhāvena bodhisattassa pāde sirā sirāhi, maṃsaṃ maṃsena, cammaṃ cammena ghaṭitaṃ, tāvadeva pādo saṃruḷho sañjātachavisañjātalomo ahosi abaddhapādena nibbiseso.
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Then conceiving a strong affection for the Great Being, with a heart full of love he took some water and washed away the blood from his wound, and once and again wiped it. Through the power of his charity the wound in the Bodhisatta's foot grew together, tendon uniting with tendon, flesh with flesh, skin with skin. Fresh skin formed and fresh down grew over it.
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Bodhisatto sukhito pakatibhāveneva nisīdi.
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The Bodhisatta was just as if his foot had never been trapped and sat rejoicing in his ordinary form.
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Atha sumukho attānaṃ nissāya mahāsattassa sukhitabhāvaṃ disvā sañjātasomanasso nesādassa thutimakāsi.
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Then Sumukha, beholding how happy the Great Being was all owing to his action, in his gladness sang the praises of the fowler.
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Tamatthaṃ pakāsento satthā āha –
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The Master, to make the matter clear, said:
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34.
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"So patīto pamuttena, bhattunā bhattugāravo;
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The goose glad at the king's release, in honour of his lord,
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Ajjhabhāsatha vakkaṅgo, vācaṃ kaṇṇasukhaṃ bhaṇaṃ.
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Thus charmed his benefactor's ear with this most pleasant word:
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35.
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"Evaṃ luddaka nandassu, saha sabbehi ñātibhi;
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"Fowler, with all thy kith and kin, right happy mayst thou be,
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Yathāhamajja nandāmi, muttaṃ disvā dijādhipa"nti.
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As I am happy to behold the king of birds set free."
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Tattha vakkaṅgoti vaṅkagīvo.
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Evaṃ luddassa thutiṃ katvā sumukho bodhisattaṃ āha – "mahārāja, iminā amhākaṃ mahāupakāro kato, ayañhi amhākaṃ vacanaṃ akatvā kīḷāhaṃse no katvā issarānaṃ dento bahuṃ dhanaṃ labheyya, māretvā maṃsaṃ vikkiṇanto mūlampi labhetha, attano pana jīvitaṃ anoloketvā amhākaṃ vacanaṃ akari, imaṃ rañño santikaṃ netvā sukhajīvitaṃ karomā"ti.
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After thus singing the fowler's praises, Sumukha said to the Bodhisatta, "Sire, this man has wrought us a great service: had he not hearkened to our words, he might have won great wealth, either by making us tame birds to be kept for pleasure and offering us to some great lords, or by killing and selling us for food. But utterly regardless of his own livelihood he hearkened to our words. Let us conduct him into the king's presence and make him happy for life."
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Mahāsatto sampaṭicchi.
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The Great Being agreed to this.
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Sumukho attano bhāsāya mahāsattena saddhiṃ kathetvā puna manussabhāsāya luddaputtaṃ āmantetvā "samma, tvaṃ kimatthaṃ pāse oḍḍesī"ti pucchitvā "dhanattha"nti vutte "evaṃ sante amhe ādāya nagaraṃ pavisitvā rañño dassehi, bahuṃ te dhanaṃ dāpessāmī"ti vatvā āha –
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Then Sumukha, after conversing with the Great Being in their own language, addressed the fowler in human speech and asked him, saying, "Friend, why did you set snares? " and on his replying, "For gain," "This being the case," said Sumukha, "take us with you into the city and present us to your king, and I will persuade him to bestow on you great riches," and he spoke these stanzas:
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36.
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"Ehi taṃ anusikkhāmi, yathā tvamapi lacchase;
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Come, I will teach thee how thou mayst win for thyself great gain,
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Lābhaṃ tavāyaṃ dhataraṭṭho, pāpaṃ kiñci na dakkhati.
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Seeing the honour of this goose brooks not the slightest stain.
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37.
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"Khippamantepuraṃ netvā, rañño dassehi no ubho;
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Quick, take us to the royal court, in body sound and whole,
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Abaddhe pakatibhūte, kāje ubhayato ṭhite.
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Standing, unbound, at either end of this thy carrying-pole.
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38.
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"Dhataraṭṭhā mahārāja, haṃsādhipatino ime;
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And say, "O sire, lo! here to thee two ruddy geese we bring,
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Ayañhi rājā haṃsānaṃ, ayaṃ senāpatītaro.
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The one is captain of the host, the other is their king."
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39."Asaṃsayaṃ imaṃ disvā, haṃsarājaṃ narādhipo.
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This lord of men beholding then this royal goose will be
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Patīto sumano vitto, bahuṃ dassati te dhana"nti.
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So glad and overjoyed, he will great wealth bestow on thee.
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Tattha anusikkhāmīti anusāsāmi.
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Pāpanti lāmakaṃ.
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Rañño dassehi no ubhoti amhe ubhopi rañño dassehi.
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Ayaṃ bodhisattassa paññāpabhāvadassanatthaṃ, attano mittadhammassa āvibhāvanatthaṃ, luddassa dhanalābhatthaṃ, rañño sīlesu patiṭṭhāpanatthañcāti catūhi kāraṇehi evamāha.
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Dhataraṭṭhāti netvā ca pana rañño evaṃ ācikkheyyāsi, "mahārāja, ime dhataraṭṭhakule jātā dve haṃsādhipatino, etesu ayaṃ rājā, itaro senāpatī"ti.
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Iti naṃ sikkhāpesi.
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"Patīto"tiādīni tīṇipi tuṭṭhākāravevacanāneva.
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Evaṃ vutte luddo, "sāmi, mā vo rājadassanaṃ rucci, rājāno nāma calacittā, kīḷāhaṃse vā vo kareyyuṃ mārāpeyyuṃ vā"ti vatvā, "samma, mā bhāyi, ahaṃ tādisaṃ kakkhaḷaṃ luddaṃ lohitapāṇiṃ dhammakathāya mudukaṃ katvā mama pādesu pātesiṃ, rājāno nāma puññavanto paññavanto ca subhāsitadubbhāsitaññū ca, khippaṃ amhe rañño dassehī"ti vutte "tena hi mā mayhaṃ kujjhittha, ahaṃ avassaṃ tumhākaṃ ruciyā nemī"ti vatvā ubhopi kājaṃ āropetvā rājakulaṃ gantvā rañño dassetvā raññā puṭṭho yathābhūtaṃ ārocesi.
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When he had so spoken, the fowler replied, "Let it not be your pleasure to see the king. Verily kings are fickle-minded: they would either keep you captive for their amusement or would put you to death." Sumukha said, "Fear not, my friend. By my preaching of the Law I have softened the heart of a fierce creature like you and have brought you to my feet, a fowler whose hand is red with blood. Kings, verily, are full of goodness and wisdom, and are such as can discern between good and evil words. So make haste and bring us into the presence of your king." The fowler said, "Well, be not angry with me. As it is your good pleasure, [346] I will take you to him." So he mounted the pair of birds on his pole and went to the court and introduced them to the king, and on being questioned by him the fowler declared all the facts of the case.
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Tamatthaṃ pakāsento satthā āha –
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The Master, to make the matter clear, said:
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40.
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"Tassa taṃ vacanaṃ sutvā, kammunā upapādayi;
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On hearing this he wrought the thing they craved in heart and soul,
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Khippamantepuraṃ gantvā, rañño haṃse adassayi;
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And quickly took the geese to court, in body sound and whole,
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Abaddhe pakatibhūte, kāje ubhayato ṭhite.
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Standing, unbound, one at each end of his long carrying-pole.
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41.
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"Dhataraṭṭhā mahārāja, haṃsādhipatino ime;
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"Lo! here," he said, "two ruddy geese, O sire, to thee we bring,
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Ayañhi rājā haṃsānaṃ, ayaṃ senāpatītaro;
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One is the captain of the host, the other is their king."
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42.
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"Kathaṃ panime vihaṅgā, tava hatthattamāgatā;
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How did these wingèd mighty ones, fowler, become thy prey,
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Kathaṃ luddo mahantānaṃ, issare idha ajjhagā.
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How didst thou creep close up to them, nor frighten them away?
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43.
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"Vihitā santime pāsā, pallalesu janādhipa;
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O lord of men, in every pool behold a gin or net,
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Yaṃ yadāyatanaṃ maññe, dijānaṃ pāṇarodhanaṃ.
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In every 1haunt of birds, methinks, a deadly snare was set.
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44.
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"Tādisaṃ pāsamāsajja, haṃsarājā abajjhatha;
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'Twas in some hidden trap like this I caught the king of geese,
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Taṃ abaddho upāsino, mamāyaṃ ajjhabhāsatha.
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His friend, still free, sat by his side and sought his lord's release.
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45.
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"Sudukkaraṃ anariyebhi, dahate bhāvamuttamaṃ;
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This bird essayed a task beyond what vulgar souls achieve,
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Bhatturatthe parakkanto, dhammayutto vihaṅgamo.
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Resolved his every nerve to strain, his master to relieve.
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46.
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"Attanāyaṃ cajitvāna, jīvitaṃ jīvitāraho;
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There sat he, worthy to survive, content his life to give,
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Anutthunanto āsīno, bhattu yācittha jīvitaṃ.
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If but his lord, whose praise he sang, might be allowed to live.
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47.
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"Tassa taṃ vacanaṃ sutvā, pasādamahamajjhagā;
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Hearing his words I all at once attained to state of grace,
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Tato naṃ pāmuciṃ pāsā, anuññāsiṃ sukhena ca.
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Gladly set free the captive bird and bade them leave the place.
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48.
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"So patīto pamuttena, bhattunā bhattugāravo;
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The goose, rejoiced at his release, in honour of his lord,
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Ajjhabhāsatha vakkaṅgo, vācaṃ kaṇṇasukhaṃ bhaṇaṃ.
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Thus charmed his benefactor's ear with this most pleasant word:
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49.
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"Evaṃ luddaka nandassu, saha sabbehi ñātibhi;
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"Fowler, with all thy kith and kin, right happy mayst thou be,
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Yathāhamajja nandāmi, muttaṃ disvā dijādhipaṃ.
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As I am happy to behold the king of birds set free.
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50.
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"Ehi taṃ anusikkhāmi, yathā tvamapi lacchase;
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Come, I will teach thee how thou mayst win for thyself great gain,
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Lābhaṃ tavāyaṃ dhataraṭṭho, pāpaṃ kiñci na dakkhati.
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Seeing the honour of this goose brooks not the slightest stain.
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51.
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"Khippamantepuraṃ netvā, rañño dassehi no ubho;
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Quick, take us to the royal court, in body sound and whole,
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Abaddhe pakatibhūte, kāje ubhayato ṭhite.
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Standing, unbound, at either end of this thy carrying-pole.
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52.
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"Dhataraṭṭhā mahārāja, haṃsādhipatino ime;
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And say, "O sire, lo! here to thee two ruddy geese we bring,
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Ayañhi rājā haṃsānaṃ, ayaṃ senāpatītaro.
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The one is captain of the host, the other is their king."
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53.
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"Asaṃsayaṃ imaṃ disvā, haṃsarājaṃ narādhipo;
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This lord of men, beholding then this royal goose will be
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Patīto sumano vitto, bahuṃ dassati te dhanaṃ.
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So glad and overjoyed, he will great wealth bestow on thee."
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54.
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"Evametassa vacanā, ānītāme ubho mayā;
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Thus at his bidding hither led by me the pair have come,
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Ettheva hi ime āsuṃ, ubho anumatā mayā.
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Although for me they both were free to seek their mountain home.
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55.
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"Soyaṃ evaṃ gato pakkhī, dijo paramadhammiko;
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Such was the fate of this poor bird, though very righteous he,
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Mādisassa hi luddassa, janayeyyātha maddavaṃ.
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So much that he with pity moved a fowler fierce like me.
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56.
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"Upāyanañca te deva, nāññaṃ passāmi edisaṃ;
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This goose, O lord of men, to thee an offering bring I here,
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Sabbasākuṇikāgāme, taṃ passa manujādhipā"ti.
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Amidst the haunts of fowling men one scarce could find his peer.
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Tattha kammunā upapādayīti yaṃ so avaca, taṃ karonto kāyakammena sampādesi.
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Gantvāti haṃsarājena nisinnakājakoṭiṃ uccataraṃ, senāpatinā nisinnakājakoṭiṃ thokaṃ nīcaṃ katvā ubhopi te ukkhipitvā "haṃsarājā ca senāpati ca rājānaṃ passituṃ gacchanti, ussaratha ussarathā"ti janaṃ ussārento "evarūpā nāma sobhaggappattā suvaṇṇavaṇṇā haṃsarājāno na diṭṭhapubbā"ti muduhadayesu manussesu pasaṃsantesu khippamantepuraṃ gantvā.
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Adassayīti "haṃsarājāno tumhe daṭṭhuṃ āgatā"ti rañño ārocāpetvā tena tuṭṭhacittena "āgacchantū"ti pakkosāpito abhiharitvā dassesi.
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Hatthattanti hatthesu āgataṃ, pattanti vuttaṃ hoti.
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Mahantānanti yasamahantappattānaṃ suvaṇṇavaṇṇānaṃ dhataraṭṭhahaṃsānaṃ issare sāmino kathaṃ tvaṃ luddo hutvā adhigatoti pucchati.
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"Issaramidhamajjhagā"tipi pāṭho, etesaṃ issariyaṃ tvaṃ kathaṃ ajjhagāti attho.
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Vihitāti yojitā.
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Yaṃ yadāyatanaṃ maññeti, mahārāja, yaṃ yaṃ samosaraṇaṭṭhānaṃ dijānaṃ pāṇarodhanaṃ jīvitakkhayakaraṃ maññāmi, tattha tattha mayā pallalesu pāsā vihitā.
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Tādisanti mānusiyasare tathāvidhaṃ pāṇarodhanaṃ mayā vihitaṃ pāsaṃ.
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Tanti taṃ etaṃ tattha baddhaṃ.
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Upāsinoti attano jīvitaṃ agaṇetvā upagantvā nisinno.
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Mamāyanti maṃ ayaṃ senāpati ajjhabhāsatha, mayā saddhiṃ kathesi.
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Sudukkaranti tasmiṃ khaṇe esa amhādisehi anariyehi sudukkaraṃ akāsi.
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Kiṃ tanti?
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Dahate bhāvamuttamaṃ, attano uttamaṃ ajjhāsayaṃ dahati vidahati pakāseti.
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Attanāyanti attano ayaṃ.
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Anutthunantoti bhattuguṇe vaṇṇento tassa jīvitaṃ muñcāti maṃ yāci.
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Tassāti tassa tathā yācantassa.
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Sukhena cāti yathāsukhena cittakūṭaṃ gantvā ñātisaṅghaṃ passathāti ca anujāniṃ.
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Ettheva hīti mayā pana ime dve ettha mānusiyasareyeva cittakūṭagamanāya anumatā ahesuṃ.
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Evaṃ gatoti evaṃ sattu hatthagato.
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Janayeyyātha maddavanti attani mettacittaṃ janesi.
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Upāyananti paṇṇākāraṃ.
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Sabbasākuṇikāgāmeti sabbasmimpi sākuṇikagāme nāhaṃ aññaṃ tava evarūpaṃ kenaci sākuṇikena ābhatapubbaṃ upāyanaṃ passāmi.
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Taṃ passāti taṃ mayā ābhataṃ upāyanaṃ passa manujādhipāti.
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Evaṃ so ṭhitakova sumukhassa guṇaṃ kathesi.
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Thus did he standing there proclaim the virtues of Sumukha.
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Tato rājā haṃsarañño mahārahaṃ āsanaṃ, sumukhassa ca suvaṇṇabhaddapīṭhakaṃ dāpetvā tesaṃ tattha nisinnānaṃ suvaṇṇabhājanehi lājamadhuphāṇitādīni dāpetvā niṭṭhite pānabhojanakicce añjaliṃ paggayha mahāsattaṃ dhammakathaṃ yācitvā suvaṇṇapīṭhake nisīdi.
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Then the king Sakuḷa offered to the goose-king a costly throne and to Sumukha a precious golden chair, and when they had taken their seats he served them with parched corn, honey, molasses, and the like, in golden vessels, and, when they had finished their meal, with outstretched hands he prayed the Great Being to preach the Law and took his seat upon a golden chair.
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So tena yācito paṭisanthāraṃ tāva akāsi.
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And at his request the goose-king held pleasant converse with him.
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Tamatthaṃ pakāsento satthā āha –
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The Master, to make everything clear, said:
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57.
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"Disvā nisinnaṃ rājānaṃ, pīṭhe sovaṇṇaye subhe;
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Seeing the king now seated on a lovely golden chair,
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Ajjhabhāsatha vakkaṅgo, vācaṃ kaṇṇasukhaṃ bhaṇaṃ.
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The goose in tones to charm the ear thus did bespeak him fair.
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58.
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"Kacci nu bhoto kusalaṃ, kacci bhoto anāmayaṃ;
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Dost thou, my lord, enjoy good health and is all well with thee?
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Kacci raṭṭhamidaṃ phītaṃ, dhammena manusāsasi.
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I trust thy realm is flourishing and ruled in equity.
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59.
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"Kusalañceva me haṃsa, atho haṃsa anāmayaṃ;
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O king of geese, my health is good and all is well with me;
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Atho raṭṭhamidaṃ phītaṃ, dhammena manusāsahaṃ.
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My realm is very flourishing and ruled in equity.
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60.
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"Kacci bhoto amaccesu, doso koci na vijjati;
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Hast thou true men to counsel thee, free from all stain or blame,
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Kacci ca te tavatthesu, nāvakaṅkhanti jīvitaṃ.
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Ready to die, if need there be, for thy good cause and name?
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61.
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"Athopi me amaccesu, doso koci na vijjati;
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I have true men to counsel me, free from all stain or blame,
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Athopi te mamatthesu, nāvakaṅkhanti jīvitaṃ.
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Ready to die, if need there be, for my good cause and name.
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62.
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"Kacci te sādisī bhariyā, assavā piyabhāṇinī;
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Hast thou a wife of equal birth, obedient, kind in word,
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Puttarūpayasūpetā, tava chandavasānugā.
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With children blest, good looks, fair name, compliant with her lord?
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63.
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"Atho me sādisī bhariyā, assavā piyabhāṇinī;
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I have a wife of equal birth, obedient, kind in word,
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Puttarūpayasūpetā, mama chandavasānugā"ti.
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With children blest, good looks, fair name, compliant with her lord.
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Tattha rājānanti sāgalarājānaṃ.
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Vakkaṅgoti haṃsarājā.
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Dhammena manusāsasīti dhammena anusāsasi.
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Dosoti aparādho.
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Tavatthesūti uppannesu tava yuddhādīsu atthesu.
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Nāvakaṅkhantīti uraṃ datvā pariccajantā kicci attano jīvitaṃ na patthenti, jīvitañca cajitvā tavevatthaṃ karonti.
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Sādisīti samānajātikā.
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Assavāti vacanasampaṭicchikā.
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Puttarūpayasūpetāti puttehi ca rūpena ca yasena ca upetā.
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Tava chandavasānugāti kacci tava ajjhāsayaṃ tava vasaṃ anuvattati, na attano cittavasena vattatīti pucchati.
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Evaṃ bodhisattena paṭisanthāre kate puna rājā tena saddhiṃ kathento āha –
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When the Bodhisatta had ended his words of friendly greeting, the king again conversing with him said:
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64.
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"Bhavantaṃ kacci nu mahā-sattuhatthattataṃ gato;
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When some mischance delivered thee to thy most deadly foe,
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Dukkhamāpajji vipulaṃ, tasmiṃ paṭhamamāpade.
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Didst thou then at his hands, O bird, great suffering undergo?
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65.
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"Kacci yantāpatitvāna, daṇḍena samapothayi;
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Did he run up and with his stick belabour thee, I pray?
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Evametesaṃ jammānaṃ, pātikaṃ bhavati tāvade.
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Of such vile creatures, as I hear, this ever is the way.
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66.
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"Khemamāsi mahārāja, evamāpadiyā sati;
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I never was in danger, as I gratefully recall,
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Na cāyaṃ kiñci rasmāsu, sattūva samapajjatha.
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Nor did he deal with us as foes in any way at all.
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67.
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"Paccagamittha nesādo, pubbeva ajjhabhāsatha;
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The fowler, trembling and amazed, to question us was fain,
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Tadāyaṃ sumukhoyeva, paṇḍito paccabhāsatha.
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And Sumukha, wisest of birds, made answer back again.
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68.
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"Tassa taṃ vacanaṃ sutvā, pasādamayamajjhagā;
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Hearing his words he all at once attained to state of grace,
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Tato maṃ pāmucī pāsā, anuññāsi sukhena ca.
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Gladly released me from the snare, and bade us leave the place.
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69.
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"Idañca sumukheneva, etadatthāya cintitaṃ;
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To come and visit thee, O king, was Sumukha's desire,
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Bhoto sakāsegamanaṃ, etassa dhanamicchatā.
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Thinking our friend the fowler thus great riches might acquire.
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70.
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"Svāgatañcevidaṃ bhavataṃ, patīto casmi dassanā;
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You are right welcome, sirs, be sure, I'm glad to see you here,
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Eso cāpi bahuṃ vittaṃ, labhataṃ yāvadicchatī"ti.
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And let your fowler friend receive his fill of earthly gear.
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Tattha mahāsattuhatthattataṃ gatoti mahantassa sattuno hatthattaṃ gato.
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Āpatitvānāti upadhāvitvā.
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Pātikanti pākatikaṃ, ayameva vā pāṭho.
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Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti – etesañhi jammānaṃ tāvadeva evaṃ pākatikaṃ hoti, sakuṇe daṇḍena pothetvā jīvitakkhayaṃ pāpento dhanavetanaṃ labhatīti.
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Kiñci rasmāsūti kiñci amhesu.
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Sattūvāti sattu viya.
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Paccagamitthāti, mahārāja, esa amhe disvā baddhāti saññāya thokaṃ osakkittha.
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Pubbevāti ayameva paṭhamaṃ ajjhabhāsi.
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Tadāti tasmiṃ kāle.
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Etadatthāyāti etassa nesādaputtassa atthāya cintitaṃ.
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Dhanamicchatāti etassa dhanaṃ icchantena tava santikaṃ amhākaṃ āgamanaṃ cintitaṃ.
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Svāgatañcevidanti mā bhonto cintayantu, bhavataṃ idaṃ idhāgamanaṃ svāgatameva.
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Labhatanti labhatu.
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Evañca pana vatvā rājā aññataraṃ amaccaṃ oloketvā "kiṃ karomi devā"ti vutte "imaṃ nesādaṃ kappitakesamassuṃ nhātānulittaṃ sabbālaṅkārapaṭimaṇḍitaṃ kāretvā ānehī"ti vatvā tena tathā katvā ānītassa tassa saṃvacchare saṃvacchare satasahassuṭṭhānakaṃ gāmaṃ, dve vīthiyo gahetvā ṭhitaṃ mahantaṃ gehaṃ, rathavarañca, aññañca bahuṃ hiraññasuvaṇṇaṃ adāsi.
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And so saying the king fixed his gaze upon a certain councillor and when he asked, "What is your pleasure, sire," he said, "See that this fowler has his hair and beard trimmed and that after being washed and anointed he is sumptuously arrayed and then bring him here." And when this was done and the fowler was brought back, the king presented him with a village producing annually a hundred thousand pieces of money, and moreover a house standing in a position abutting on two streets, and a splendid chariot, and much store of yellow gold.
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Tamatthaṃ āvikaronto satthā āha –
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The Master, to make the matter clear, said:
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71.
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"Santappayitvā nesādaṃ, bhogehi manujādhipo;
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The king with riches manifold the fowler amply blest,
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Ajjhabhāsatha vakkaṅgaṃ, vācaṃ kaṇṇasukhaṃ bhaṇa"nti.
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And then in tones that charmed the ear the ruddy goose addressed.
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Atha mahāsatto rañño dhammaṃ desesi.
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So tassa dhammakathaṃ sutvā tuṭṭhahadayo "dhammakathikassa sakkāraṃ karissāmī"ti setacchattaṃ datvā rajjaṃ paṭicchāpento āha –
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Then the Great Being instructed the king in the Law, and hearing his exposition he was glad at heart, and, being minded to pay some mark of respect to the preacher of the Law, he presented him with the white umbrella and made over his kingdom to him and he spoke these stanzas:
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72.
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"Yaṃ khalu dhammamādhīnaṃ, vaso vattati kiñcanaṃ;
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Whate’er I lawfully possess, whate’er I duly claim,
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Sabbatthissariyaṃ bhavataṃ, pasāsatha yadicchatha.
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Shall pass beneath your sway, if ye your heart's desire will name.
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73.
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"Dānatthaṃ upabhottuṃ vā, yaṃ caññaṃ upakappati;
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Whether for alms or to enjoy and use it for your own,
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Etaṃ dadāmi vo vittaṃ, issariyaṃ vissajāmi vo"ti.
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To you I yield my gear and all, to you resign my throne.
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Tattha vaso vattatīti yattha mama vaso vattati.
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Kiñcananti taṃ appamattakampi.
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Sabbatthissariyanti sabbaṃ bhavataṃyeva issariyaṃ atthu.
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Yaṃ caññaṃ upakappatīti puññakāmatāya dānatthaṃ vā chattaṃ ussāpetvā rajjameva upabhottuṃ vā yaṃ vā aññaṃ tumhākaṃ ruccati, taṃ karotha, etaṃ dadāmi vo vittaṃ, saddhiṃyeva setacchattena mama santakaṃ issariyaṃ vissajjāmi voti.
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Atha mahāsatto raññā dinnaṃ setacchattaṃ puna tasseva adāsi.
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Then the Great Being returned the white umbrella which the king had given to him.
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Rājāpi cintesi – "haṃsarañño tāva me dhammakathā sutā, luddaputtena pana 'ayaṃ sumukho mudhurakatho'ti ativiya vaṇṇito, imassapi dhammakathaṃ sossāmī"ti.
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And the king thought, "I have heard the Law preached by the goose-king, but this Sumukha has been highly praised by the fowler, as speaking words sweet as honey, [351] I shall have to hear him also preach the Law."
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So tena saddhiṃ sallapanto anantaraṃ gāthamāha –
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So holding converse with him he spake yet another stanza:
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74.
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"Yathā ca myāyaṃ sumukho, ajjhabhāseyya paṇḍito;
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If wise and learned Sumukha would speak of his free will
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Kāmasā buddhisampanno, taṃ myāssa paramappiya"nti.
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A word or two, my happiness would then be greater still.
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Tattha yathāti yadi.
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Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti – yadi ca me ayaṃ sumukho paṇḍito buddhisampanno kāmasā attano ruciyā ajjhabhāseyya, taṃ me paramappiyaṃ assāti.
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Tato sumukho āha –
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Then Sumukha said:
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75.
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"Ahaṃ khalu mahārāja, nāgarājārivantaraṃ;
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I could not in your presence, with propriety, my lord,
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Paṭivattuṃ na sakkomi, na me so vinayo siyā.
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As though I were some Nāga prince, utter a single word.
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76.
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"Amhākañceva so seṭṭho, tvañca uttamasattavo;
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For this the chief of ruddy geese, and thou, O mighty king,
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Bhūmipālo manussindo, pūjā bahūhi hetubhi.
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On many grounds may rightly claim the homages that I bring.
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77.
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"Tesaṃ ubhinnaṃ bhaṇataṃ, vattamāne vinicchaye;
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I a mere underling, my lord, may scarcely intervene,
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Nantaraṃ pativattabbaṃ, pessena manujādhipā"ti.
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When high debate is being held your Majesties between.
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Tattha nāgarājārivantaranti peḷāya abbhantaraṃ paviṭṭho nāgarājā viya.
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Paṭivattunti tumhākaṃ dvinnaṃ antare vattuṃ na sakkomi.
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Na me soti sace vadeyyaṃ, na me so vinayo bhaveyya.
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Amhākañcevāti channavutiyā haṃsasahassānaṃ.
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Uttamasattavoti uttamasatto.
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Pūjāti ubho tumhe mayhaṃ bahūhi kāraṇehi pūjārahā ceva pasaṃsārahā ca.
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Pessenāti veyyāvaccakarena sevakena.
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Rājā tassa vacanaṃ sutvā tuṭṭhahadayo "nesādaputto taṃ vaṇṇeti, na aññena tumhādisena madhuradhammakathikena nāma bhavitabba"nti vatvā āha –
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The king, hearing what he said, was glad at heart and said, "The fowler praised you, and surely there cannot be any other like you, so sweet a preacher of the Law," and he repeated these stanzas:
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78.
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"Dhammena kira nesādo, paṇḍito aṇḍajo iti;
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The fowler rightly praised this bird as wise beyond its kind:
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Naheva akatattassa, nayo etādiso siyā.
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Such prudence is not found in one undisciplined 1 in mind.
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79.
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"Evaṃ aggapakatimā, evaṃ uttamasattavo;
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Of noble creatures I have seen, with highest nature blest,
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Yāvatatthi mayā diṭṭhā, nāññaṃ passāmi edisaṃ.
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Surely this matchless bird amongst them all is far the best 2.
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80.
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"Tuṭṭhosmi vo pakatiyā, vākyena madhurena ca;
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Your noble form and sweet discourse cast o’er me such a spell,
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Eso cāpi mamacchando, ciraṃ passeyya vo ubho"ti.
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My only wish is that you both long time with me may dwell.
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Tattha dhammenāti sabhāvena kāraṇena.
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Akatattassāti asampāditaattabhāvassa mittadubbhissa.
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Nayoti paññā.
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Aggapakatimāti aggasabhāvo.
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Uttamasattavoti uttamasatto.
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Yāvatatthīti yāvatā mayā diṭṭhā nāma atthi.
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Nāññanti tasmiṃ mayā diṭṭhaṭṭhāne aññaṃ evarūpaṃ na passāmi.
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Tuṭṭhosmi vo pakatiyāti samma haṃsarāja ahaṃ pakatiyā paṭhamameva tumhākaṃ dassanena tuṭṭho.
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Vākyenāti idāni pana vo madhuravacanena tuṭṭhosmi.
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Ciraṃ passeyya voti idheva vasāpetvā muhuttampi avippavāsanto ciraṃ tumhe passeyyanti esa me chandoti vadati.
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Tato mahāsatto rājānaṃ pasaṃsanto āha –
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Then the Great Being in praise of the king said:
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81.
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"Yaṃ kiccaṃ parame mitte, katamasmāsu taṃ tayā;
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Thou hast dealt with us as a man deals with his dearest friend:
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Pattā nissaṃsayaṃ tyāmhā, bhattirasmāsu yā tava.
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Such was the kindness, Sir, thou didst to us poor birds extend.
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82.
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"Aduñca nūna sumahā, ñātisaṅghassa mantaraṃ;
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Yet a great void the circle of our kin has to deplore,
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Adassanena asmākaṃ, dukkhaṃ bahūsu pakkhisu.
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And many a bird is sorely grieved to see our face no more.
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83.
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"Tesaṃ sokavighātāya, tayā anumatā mayaṃ;
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To drive away their sorrow thou, O king, hast set us free,
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Taṃ padakkhiṇato katvā, ñātiṃ passemurindama.
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So humbly taking leave we fly our friends once more to see.
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84.
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"Addhāhaṃ vipulaṃ pītiṃ, bhavataṃ vindāmi dassanā;
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I'm very glad acquaintance with your Highness to have made,
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Eso cāpi mahā attho, ñātivissāsanā siyā"ti.
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Henceforth, I trust, my friends may have less cause to be afraid.
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Tattha katamasmāsūti kataṃ amhesu.
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Pattā nissaṃsayaṃ tyāmhāti mayaṃ nissaṃsayena tayā pattāyeva.
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Bhattirasmāsu yā tavāti yā tava amhesu bhatti, tāya bhattiyā mayaṃ tayā asaṃsayena pattāyeva, na ca vippayuttā, vippavuṭṭhāpi sahavāsinoyeva nāma mayanti dīpeti.
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Aduñca nūna sumahāti etañca ekaṃseneva sumahantaṃ.
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Ñātisaṅghassa mantaranti amhehi dvīhi janehi virahitassa mama ñātisaṅghassa antaraṃ chiddaṃ.
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Asmākanti amhākaṃ dvinnaṃ adassanena bahūsu pakkhīsu dukkhaṃ uppannaṃ.
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Passemurindamāti passeyyāma arindama.
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Bhavatanti bhoto dassanena.
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Eso cāpi mahā atthoti yā esā ñātisaṅghasaṅkhātā ñātivissāsanā siyā, eso cāpi mahanto atthopi.
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Evaṃ vutte rājā tesaṃ gamanaṃ anujāni.
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When he had thus spoken the king suffered them to depart.
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Mahāsattopi rañño pañcavidhe dussīlye ādīnavaṃ, sīle ca ānisaṃsaṃ kathetvā "imaṃ sīlaṃ rakkha, dhammena rajjaṃ kārehi, catūhi saṅgahavatthūhi janaṃ saṅgaṇhāhī"ti ovaditvā cittakūṭaṃ agamāsi.
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And the Great Being declared to the king the misery attending the five kinds of vice and the blessing that followed virtue, and exhorted him, saying, "Keep the moral law and rule your kingdom righteously, and win the hearts of your people with the four modes of conciliation 3," and forthwith he set out for Cittakūṭa.
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Tamatthaṃ pakāsento satthā āha –
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The Master, to make the matter clear, said:
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85.
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"Idaṃ vatvā dhataraṭṭho, haṃsarājā narādhipaṃ;
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Thus to the lord of mortals spake the Dhataraṭṭha king,
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Uttamaṃ javamanvāya, ñātisaṅghaṃ upāgamuṃ.
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Then sought these geese their kith and kin with utmost speed of wing.
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86.
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"Te aroge anuppatte, disvāna parame dije;
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Seeing their chiefs all safe and sound returned from haunts of men,
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Kekāti makaruṃ haṃsā, puthusaddo ajāyatha.
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The wingèd flock with noisy cries welcomed them back again.
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87.
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"Te patītā pamuttena, bhattunā bhattugāravā;
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Thus circling round their lord in whom they trust, these ruddy geese
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Samantā parikiriṃsu, aṇḍajā laddhapaccayā"ti.
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Paid all due honour to their king, rejoiced at his release.
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Tattha upāgamunti aruṇuggamanavelāyameva lājamadhuphāṇitādīni paribhuñjitvā raññā ca deviyā ca dvīhi suvaṇṇatālavaṇṭehi ukkhipitvā gandhamālādīhi katasakkārā tālavaṇṭehi otaritvā rājānaṃ padakkhiṇaṃ katvā vehāsaṃ uppatitvā raññā añjaliṃ paggayha "gacchatha sāmino"ti vutte sīhapañjarena nikkhantā uttamena javena gantvā ñātigaṇaṃ upāgamiṃsu.
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Parameti uttame.
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Kekāti attano sabhāvena "kekā"ti saddamakaṃsu.
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Bhattugāravāti bhattari sagāravā.
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Parikiriṃsūti bhattuno muttabhāvena tuṭṭhā taṃ bhattāraṃ samantā parivārayiṃsu.
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Laddhapaccayāti laddhapatiṭṭhā.
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Evaṃ parivāretvā pana te haṃsā "kathaṃ muttosi, mahārājā"ti pucchiṃsu.
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While thus escorting their king these geese asked him, saying, "How, sire, did you escape?
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Mahāsatto sumukhaṃ nissāya muttabhāvaṃ, sāgalarājaluddaputtehi katakammañca kathesi.
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" The Great Being told them of his escape by the help of Sumukha, and of the action of the Sakuḷa king and the fowler.
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Taṃ sutvā tuṭṭho haṃsagaṇo "sumukhasenāpati ca rājā ca luddaputto ca sukhitā niddukkhā ciraṃ jīvantū"ti thutimakāsi.
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On hearing this the flock of geese in their joy sang their praises, saying, "Long live Sumukha, captain of our host, and the Sakuḷa king and the fowler. May they be happy and free from sorrow."
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Tamatthaṃ pakāsento satthā osānagāthamāha –
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The Master, to make the matter clear, repeated a final stanza:
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88.
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"Evaṃ mittavataṃ atthā, sabbe honti padakkhiṇā;
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Thus all whose hearts are full of love succeed in what they do,
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Haṃsā yathā dhataraṭṭhā, ñātisaṅghaṃ upāgamu"nti.
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E’en as these geese back to their friends once more in safety flew.
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Tattha mittavatanti kalyāṇamittasampannānaṃ.
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Padakkhiṇāti sukhanipphattino vuḍḍhiyuttā.
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Dhataraṭṭhāti haṃsarājā sumukho raññā ceva luddaputtena cāti dvīhi evaṃ ubhopi te dhataraṭṭhā kalyāṇamittasampannā yathā ñātisaṅghaṃ upāgamuṃ, ñātisaṅghaupagamanasaṅkhāto nesaṃ attho padakkhiṇo jāto, evaṃ aññesampi mittavataṃ atthā padakkhiṇā hontīti.
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Satthā imaṃ dhammadesanaṃ āharitvā "na bhikkhave idāneva, pubbepānando mamatthāya jīvitaṃ pariccajī"ti vatvā jātakaṃ samodhānesi "tadā nesādo channo ahosi, rājā sāriputto, sumukho ānando, channavuti haṃsasahassā buddhaparisā, haṃsarājā pana ahameva ahosi"nti.
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The Master here ended his story, saying, "Brethren, not now only, but of old also, Ānanda for my sake renounced his life," and he identified the Birth: "At that time Channa was the fowler, Sāriputta the king, Ānanda Sumukha, the followers of Buddha the ninety thousand geese, and I myself was the goose-king."
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Cūḷahaṃsajātakavaṇṇanā paṭhamā.
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