1. Ovādasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā

141. Bhikkhunivaggassa paṭhamasikkhāpade – lābhino hontīti ettha na tesaṃ bhikkhuniyo denti, na dāpenti, mahākulehi pabbajitā pana kuladhītaro attano santikaṃ āgatānaṃ ñātimanussānaṃ "kuto ayye ovādaṃ uddesaṃ paripucchaṃ labhathā"ti pucchantānaṃ "asuko ca asuko ca thero ovadatī"ti asītimahāsāvake uddisitvā kathānusārena tesaṃ sīlasutācārajātigottādibhedaṃ vijjamānaguṇaṃ kathayanti. Evarūpā hi vijjamānaguṇā kathetuṃ vaṭṭanti. Tato pasannacittā manussā therānaṃ cīvarādibhedaṃ mahantaṃ lābhasakkāraṃ abhihariṃsu. Tena vuttaṃ – "lābhino honti cīvara - pe - parikkhārāna"nti.

Bhikkhuniyoupasaṅkamitvāti tesaṃ kira santike tāsu ekā bhikkhunīpi na āgacchati, lābhataṇhāya pana ākaḍḍhiyamānahadayā tāsaṃ upassayaṃ agamaṃsu. Taṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ – "bhikkhuniyo upasaṅkamitvā"ti. Tāpi bhikkhuniyo calacittatāya tesaṃ vacanaṃ akaṃsuyeva. Tena vuttaṃ – "atha kho tā bhikkhuniyo - pe - nisīdiṃsū"ti. Tiracchānakathanti saggamaggagamanepi tiracchānabhūtaṃ rājakathādimanekavidhaṃ niratthakakathaṃ. Iddhoti samiddho, sahitattho gambhīro bahuraso lakkhaṇapaṭivedhasaṃyuttoti adhippāyo.

145. Anujānāmi bhikkhaveti ettha yasmā te bhikkhū "mā tumhe bhikkhave bhikkhuniyo ovaditthā"ti vuccamānā adiṭṭhasaccattā tathāgate āghātaṃ bandhitvā apāyupagā bhaveyyuṃ, tasmā nesaṃ taṃ apāyupagataṃ pariharanto bhagavā aññeneva upāyena te bhikkhunovādato paribāhire kattukāmo imaṃ bhikkhunovādakasammutiṃ anujānīti veditabbo. Evaṃ idha paribāhire kattukāmatāya anujānitvā parato karontova "anujānāmi bhikkhave aṭṭhahaṅgehi samannāgata"ntiādimāha. Imāni hi aṭṭhaṅgāni chabbaggiyānaṃ supinantenapi na bhūtapubbānīti.

Tattha sīlamassa atthīti sīlavā. Idāni yañca taṃ sīlaṃ, yathā ca taṃ tassa atthi nāma hoti, taṃ dassento "pātimokkhasaṃvarasaṃvuto"tiādimāha. Tattha pātimokkhova saṃvaro pātimokkhasaṃvaro. Pātimokkhasaṃvarena saṃvuto samannāgatoti pātimokkhasaṃvarasaṃvutāe.

Viharatīti vattati. Vuttañhetaṃ vibhaṅge –

"Pātimokkhanti sīlaṃ patiṭṭhā ādi caraṇaṃ saṃyamo saṃvaro mokkhaṃ pamokkhaṃ kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ samāpattiyā; saṃvaroti kāyiko avītikkamo vācasiko avītikkamo kāyikavācasiko avītikkamo. Saṃvutoti iminā pātimokkhasaṃvarena upeto hoti samupeto upagato samupagato upapanno samupapanno sampanno samannāgato, tena vuccati 'pātimokkhasaṃvarasaṃvuto'ti. Viharatīti iriyati vattati pāleti yapeti yāpeti carati viharati, tena vuccati 'viharatī"'ti (vibha. 511-512).

Ācāragocarasampannoti micchājīvapaṭisedhakena na veḷudānādinā ācārena, vesiyādiagocaraṃ pahāya saddhāsampannakulādinā ca gocarena sampanno. Aṇumattesu vajjesu bhayadassāvīti appamattakesu vajjesu bhayadassāvī, tāni vajjāni bhayato dassanasīloti vuttaṃ hoti. Samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesūti adhisīlasikkhādibhāvena tidhā ṭhitesu sikkhāpadesu taṃ taṃ sikkhāpadaṃ samādāya sammā ādāya sādhukaṃ gahetvā avijahanto sikkhatīti attho. Ayamettha saṅkhepo, vitthāro pana yo icchati, tena visuddhimaggato gahetabbo.

Bahu sutamassāti bahussuto. Sutaṃ dhāretīti sutadharo; yadassa taṃ bahu sutaṃ nāma, taṃ na sutamattameva; atha kho naṃ dhāretīti attho. Mañjūsāyaṃ viya ratanaṃ sutaṃ sannicitamasminti sutasannicayo. Etena yaṃ so sutaṃ dhāreti, tassa mañjūsāya gopetvā sannicitaratanasseva cirakālenāpi avināsanaṃ dasseti. Idāni taṃ sutaṃ sarūpato dassento "ye te dhammā"tiādimāha, taṃ verañjakaṇḍe vuttanayameva. Idaṃ panettha nigamanaṃ – tathārūpāssa dhammā bahussutā honti, tasmā bahussuto. Dhātā, tasmā sutadharo. Vacasā paricitā manasānupekkhitā, diṭṭhiyā suppaṭividdhā; tasmā sutasannicayo. Tattha vacasā paricitāti vācāya paguṇā katā. Manasānupekkhitāti manasā anupekkhitā, āvajjantassa dīpasahassena obhāsitā viya honti. Diṭṭhiyā suppaṭividdhāti atthato ca kāraṇato ca paññāya suṭṭhu paṭividdhā supaccakkhakatā honti.

Ayaṃ pana bahussuto nāma tividho hoti – nissayamuccanako, parisupaṭṭhāpako, bhikkhunovādakoti. Tattha nissayamuccanakena upasampadāya pañcavassena sabbantimena paricchedena dve mātikā paguṇā vācuggatā kātabbā pakkhadivasesu dhammasāvanatthāya suttantato cattāro bhāṇavārā, sampattānaṃ parikathanatthāya andhakavindamahārāhulovādaambaṭṭhasadiso eko kathāmaggo, saṅghabhattamaṅgalāmaṅgalesu anumodanatthāya tisso anumodanā, uposathapavāraṇādijānanatthaṃ kammākammavinicchayo, samaṇadhammakaraṇatthaṃ samādhivasena vā vipassanāvasena vā arahattapariyosānamekaṃ kammaṭṭhānaṃ, ettakaṃ uggahetabbaṃ. Ettāvatā hi ayaṃ bahussuto hoti cātuddiso, yattha katthaci attano issariyena vasituṃ labhati.

Parisupaṭṭhāpakena upasampadāya dasavassena sabbantimena paricchedena parisaṃ abhivinaye vinetuṃ dve vibhaṅgā paguṇā vācuggatā kātabbā, asakkontena tīhi janehi saddhiṃ parivattanakkhamā kātabbā, kammākammañca khandhakavattañca uggahetabbaṃ. Parisāya pana abhidhamme vinayanatthaṃ sace majjhimabhāṇako hoti mūlapaṇṇāsako uggahetabbo, dīghabhāṇakena mahāvaggo, saṃyuttabhāṇakena heṭṭhimā vā tayo vaggā mahāvaggo vā, aṅguttarabhāṇakena heṭṭhā vā upari vā upaḍḍhanikāyo uggahetabbo, asakkontena tikanipātato paṭṭhāya heṭṭhā uggahetumpi vaṭṭati. Mahāpaccariyaṃ pana "ekaṃ uggaṇhantena catukkanipātaṃ vā pañcakanipātaṃ vā gahetuṃ vaṭṭatī"ti vuttaṃ. Jātakabhāṇakena sāṭṭhakathaṃ jātakaṃ uggahetabbaṃ, tato oraṃ na vaṭṭati. Dhammapadampi saha vatthunā uggahetuṃ vaṭṭatīti mahāpaccariyaṃ vuttaṃ. Tato tato samuccayaṃ katvā mūlapaṇṇāsakamattaṃ vaṭṭati, na vaṭṭatīti? "Na vaṭṭatī"ti kurundaṭṭhakathāyaṃ paṭikkhittaṃ, itarāsu vicāraṇāyeva natthi. Abhidhamme kiñci uggahetabbanti na vuttaṃ. Yassa pana sāṭṭhakathampi vinayapiṭakaṃ abhidhammapiṭakañca paguṇaṃ, suttante ca vuttappakāro gantho natthi, parisaṃ upaṭṭhāpetuṃ na labhati. Yena pana suttantato vinayato ca vuttappamāṇo gantho uggahito, ayaṃ parisupaṭṭhāpako bahussuto hoti disāpāmokkho yenakāmaṅgamo, parisaṃ upaṭṭhāpetuṃ labhati.

Bhikkhunovādakenapana sāṭṭhakathāni tīṇi piṭakāni uggahetabbāni, asakkontena catūsu nikāyesu ekassa aṭṭhakathā paguṇā kātabbā, ekanikāyena hi sesanikāyesupi pañhaṃ kathetuṃ sakkhissati. Sattasu pakaraṇesu catuppakaraṇassa aṭṭhakathā paguṇā kātabbā, tattha laddhanayena hi sesapakaraṇesu pañhaṃ kathetuṃ sakkhissati. Vinayapiṭakaṃ pana nānatthaṃ nānākāraṇaṃ, tasmā taṃ saddhiṃ aṭṭhakathāya paguṇaṃ kātabbameva. Ettāvatā hi bhikkhunovādako bahussuto nāma hotīti.

Ubhayānikho panassātiādi pana yasmā aññasmiṃ sakale navaṅgepi bāhussacce sati sāṭṭhakathaṃ vinayapiṭakaṃ vinā na vaṭṭatiyeva, tasmā visuṃ vuttaṃ. Tattha vitthārenāti ubhatovibhaṅgena saddhiṃ. Svāgatānīti suṭṭhu āgatāni. Yathā āgatāni pana svāgatāni honti, taṃ dassetuṃ "suvibhattānī"tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha suvibhattānīti suṭṭhu vibhattāni padapaccābhaṭṭhasaṅkaradosavirahitāni. Suppavattīnīti paguṇāni vācuggatāni. Suvinicchitāni suttasoti khandhakaparivārato āharitabbasuttavasena suṭṭhu vinicchitāni. Anubyañjanasoti akkharapadapāripūriyā ca suvinicchitāni akhaṇḍāni aviparītakkharāni. Etena aṭṭhakathā dīpitā, aṭṭhakathāto hi esa vinicchayo hotīti.

Kalyāṇavācoti sithiladhanitādīnaṃ yathāvidhānavacanena parimaṇḍalapadabyañjanāya poriyā vācāya samannāgato vissaṭṭhāya anelagaḷāya atthassa viññāpaniyā. Kalyāṇavākkaraṇoti madhurassaro, mātugāmo hi sarasampattirato, tasmā parimaṇḍalapadabyañjanampi vacanaṃ sarasampattirahitaṃ hīḷeti. Yebhuyyena bhikkhunīnaṃ piyo hoti manāpoti sabbāsaṃ piyo nāma dullabho, bahutarānaṃ pana paṇḍitānaṃ bhikkhunīnaṃ sīlācārasampattiyā piyo hoti manavaḍḍhanako. Paṭibalo hoti bhikkhuniyo ovaditunti suttañca kāraṇañca dassento vaṭṭabhayena tajjetvā bhikkhuniyo ovadituṃ tādisaṃ dhammaṃ desetuṃ samattho hoti. Kāsāyavatthavasanāyāti kāsāyavatthanivatthāya. Garudhammanti gihikāle bhikkhuniyā kāyasaṃsaggaṃ vā sikkhamānāsāmaṇerīsu methunadhammaṃ vā anajjhāpannapubbo hoti. Mātugāmo hi pubbe katamanussaranto saṃvare ṭhitassāpi dhammadesanāya gāravaṃ na karoti. Atha vā tasmiyeva asaddhamme cittaṃ uppādeti. Vīsativasso vāti upasampadāya vīsativasso tato atirekavasso vā. Evarūpo hi visabhāgehi vatthūhi punappunaṃ samāgacchantopi daharo viya sahasā sīlavināsaṃ na pāpuṇāti, attano vayaṃ paccavekkhitvā ayuttaṭṭhāne chandarāgaṃ vinetuṃ paṭibalo hoti, tena vuttaṃ – "vīsativasso vā hoti atirekavīsativasso vā"ti.

Ettha ca "sīlavā"tiādi ekamaṅgaṃ, "bahussuto hotī"tiādi dutiyaṃ, "ubhayāni kho panassā"tiādi tatiyaṃ, "kalyāṇavāco hoti kalyāṇavākkaraṇo"ti catutthaṃ, "yebhuyyena bhikkhunīnaṃ piyo hoti manāpo"ti pañcamaṃ, "paṭibalo hoti bhikkhuniyo ovaditu"nti chaṭṭhaṃ, "na kho paneta"ntiādi sattamaṃ, "vīsativasso"tiādi aṭṭhamanti veditabbaṃ.

148. Ñatticatutthenāti pubbe vatthusmiṃ vutteneva. Garudhammehīti garukehi dhammehi, te hi gāravaṃ katvā bhikkhunīhi sampaṭicchitabbattā garudhammāti vuccanti. Ekatoupasampannāyāti ettha bhikkhunīnaṃ santike ekatoupasampannāya, yo garudhammena ovadati, tassa dukkaṭaṃ. Bhikkhūnaṃ santike upasampannāya pana yathāvatthukameva.

149. Pariveṇaṃ sammajjitvāti sace pāto asammaṭṭhaṃ sammaṭṭhampi vā puna tiṇapaṇṇādīhi uklāpaṃ pādappahārehi ca vikiṇṇavālikaṃ jātaṃ, sammajjitabbaṃ. Asammaṭṭhañhi taṃ disvā "ayyo attano nissitake daharabhikkhūpi vattapaṭipattiyaṃ na yojeti, dhammaṃyeva kathetī"ti tā bhikkhuniyo asotukāmā viya bhaveyyuṃ. Tena vuttaṃ – "pariveṇaṃ sammajjitvā"ti. Antogāmato pana bhikkhuniyo āgacchantiyo pipāsitā ca kilantā ca honti, tā pānīyañca hatthapādamukhasītalakaraṇañca paccāsīsanti, tasmiñca asati purimanayeneva agāravaṃ janetvā asotukāmāpi honti. Tena vuttaṃ – "pānīyaṃ paribhojanīyaṃ upaṭṭhapetvā"ti.

Āsananti nīcapīṭhakaphalakataṭṭikakaṭasārakādibhedaṃ antamaso sākhābhaṅgampi "idaṃ tāsaṃ āsanaṃ bhavissatī"ti evaṃ āsanaṃ paññapetvā. Dhammadesanāpattimocanatthaṃ pana dutiyo icchitabbo. Tena vuttaṃ – "dutiyaṃ gahetvā nisīditabba"nti. Nisīditabbanti na vihārapaccante, atha kho vihāramajjhe uposathāgārassa vā bhojanasālāya vā dvāre sabbesaṃ osaraṇaṭṭhāne nisīditabbaṃ. Samaggātthāti sabbā āgatatthāti attho. Vattantīti āgacchanti; paguṇā vācuggatāti attho. Niyyādetabboti appetabbo. Osāretabboti pāḷi vattabbā. Vassasatūpasampannāyātiādi vattabbapāḷidassanaṃ.

Tattha sāmīcikammanti maggasampadānabījanapānīyāpucchanādikaṃ anucchavikavattaṃ. Ettha ca bhikkhuniyā bhikkhussa abhivādanaṃ nāma antogāme vā bahigāme vā antovihāre vā bahivihāre vā antaraghare vā rathikāya vā antamaso rājussāraṇāyapi vattamānāya deve vassamāne sakaddamāya bhūmiyā chattapattahatthāyapi hatthiassādīhi anubaddhāyapi kātabbameva. Ekābaddhāya pāḷiyā bhikkhācāraṃ pavisante disvā ekasmiṃ ṭhāne "vandāmi ayyā"ti vandituṃ vaṭṭati. Sace antarantarā dvādasahatthe muñcitvā gacchanti, visuṃ visuṃ vanditabbā. Mahāsannipāte nisinne ekasmiṃyeva ṭhāne vandituṃ vaṭṭati. Esa nayo añjalikammepi. Yattha katthaci nisinnāya pana paccuṭṭhānaṃ kātabbaṃ, tassa tassa sāmīcikammassa anurūpe padese ca kāle ca taṃ taṃ kātabbaṃ.

Sakkatvāti yathā kato sukato hoti, evaṃ katvā. Garuṃkatvāti tattha gāravaṃ janetvā. Mānetvāti manena piyaṃ katvā. Pūjetvāti imesaṃyeva tiṇṇaṃ kiccānaṃ karaṇena pūjetvā. Anatikkamanīyoti na atikkamitabbo.

Abhikkhuke āvāseti ettha sace bhikkhunupassayato aḍḍhayojanabbhantare ovādadāyakā bhikkhū na vasanti, ayaṃ abhikkhuko āvāso nāma. Ettha vassaṃ na vasitabbaṃ. Vuttañhetaṃ – "abhikkhuko nāma āvāso na sakkā hoti ovādāya vā saṃvāsāya vā gantu"nti (pāci. 1048). Na ca sakkā tato paraṃ pacchābhattaṃ gantvā dhammaṃ sutvā āgantuṃ. Sace tattha vassaṃ vasituṃ anicchamānā bhikkhuniyo ñātakā vā upaṭṭhākā vā evaṃvadanti – "vasatha, ayye, mayaṃ bhikkhū ānessāmā"ti vaṭṭati. Sace pana vuttappamāṇe padese vassaṃ upagantukāmā bhikkhū āgantvā sākhāmaṇḍapepi ekarattaṃ vutthā honti; na nimantitā hutvā gantukāmā. Ettāvatāpi sabhikkhuko āvāso hoti, ettha vassaṃ upagantuṃ vaṭṭati. Upagacchantīhi ca pakkhassa terasiyaṃyeva bhikkhū yācitabbā – "mayaṃ ayyā tumhākaṃ ovādena vasissāmā"ti. Yato pana ujunā maggena aḍḍhayojane bhikkhūnaṃ vasanaṭṭhānaṃ, tena pana maggena gacchantīnaṃ jīvitantarāyo vā brahmacariyantarāyo vā hoti, aññena maggena gacchantīnaṃ atirekaḍḍhayojanaṃ hoti, ayaṃ abhikkhukāvāsaṭṭhāneyeva tiṭṭhati. Sace pana tato gāvutamatte añño bhikkhunupassayo khemaṭṭhāne hoti, tāhi bhikkhunīhi tā bhikkhuniyo yācitvā puna gantvā bhikkhū yācitabbā "ayyā amhākaṃ ujumagge antarāyo atthi, aññena maggena atirekaḍḍhayojanaṃ hoti. Antarāmagge pana amhākaṃ upassayato gāvutamatte añño bhikkhunupassayo atthi, ayyānaṃ santikā tattha āgataovādena vasissāmā"ti. Tehi bhikkhūhi sampaṭicchitabbaṃ. Tato tāhi bhikkhunīhi taṃ bhikkhunupassayaṃ āgantvā uposatho kātabbo, tā vā bhikkhuniyo disvā attano upassayameva gantvā kātumpi vaṭṭati.

Sace pana vassaṃ upagantukāmā bhikkhū cātuddase vihāraṃ āgacchanti, bhikkhunīhi ca "idha ayyā vassaṃ vasissathā"ti pucchitā "āmā"ti vatvā puna tāhi "tenahi ayyā mayampi tumhākaṃ ovādaṃ anujīvantiyo vasissāmā"ti vuttā dutiyadivase gāme bhikkhācārasampadaṃ apassantā "na sakkā idha vasitu"nti pakkamanti. Atha tā bhikkhuniyo uposathadivase vihāraṃ gantvā bhikkhū na passanti, ettha kiṃ kātabbanti? Yattha bhikkhū vasanti, tattha gantvā pacchimikāya vassaṃ upagantabbaṃ. "Pacchimikāya vassaṃ upagantuṃ āgamissantī"ti vā ābhogaṃ katvā āgatānaṃ santike ovādena vasitabbaṃ. Sace pana pacchimikāyapi na keci āgacchanti, antarāmagge ca rājabhayaṃ vā corabhayaṃ vā dubbhikkhaṃ vā hoti, abhikkhukāvāse vasantiyā āpatti, vassacchedaṃ katvā gacchantiyāpi āpatti, sā rakkhitabbā. Āpadāsu hi abhikkhuke āvāse vasantiyā anāpatti vuttā. Sace āgantvā vassaṃ upagatā bhikkhū puna kenaci kāraṇena pakkamanti, vasitabbameva. Vuttañhetaṃ – "anāpatti vassūpagatā bhikkhū pakkantā vā honti vibbhantā vā kālaṅkatā vā pakkhasaṅkantā vā āpadāsu ummattikāya ādikammikāyā"ti. Pavārentiyā pana yattha bhikkhū atthi, tattha gantvā pavāretabbaṃ.

Anvaddhamāsanti addhamāse addhamāse. Dve dhammā paccāsīsitabbāti dve dhammā icchitabbā. Uposathapucchakanti uposathapucchanaṃ, tattha pannarasike uposathe pakkhassa cātuddasiyaṃ cātuddasike terasiyaṃ gantvā uposatho pucchitabbo. Mahāpaccariyaṃ pana "pakkhassa terasiyaṃyeva gantvā 'ayaṃ uposatho cātuddasiko pannarasiko'ti pucchitabba"nti vuttaṃ. Uposathadivase ovādatthāya upasaṅkamitabbaṃ. Pāṭipadadivasato pana paṭṭhāya dhammasavanatthāya gantabbaṃ. Iti bhagavā aññassa kammassa okāsaṃ adatvā nirantaraṃ bhikkhunīnaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ santike gamanameva paññapesi. Kasmā? Mandapaññattā mātugāmassa. Mandapañño hi mātugāmo, tasmā niccaṃ dhammasavanaṃ bahūpakāraṃ. Evañca sati "yaṃ mayaṃ jānāma, tameva ayyā jānantī"ti mānaṃ akatvā bhikkhusaṅghaṃ payirūpāsamānā sātthikaṃ pabbajjaṃ karissanti, tasmā bhagavā evamakāsi. Bhikkhuniyopi "yathānusiṭṭhaṃ paṭipajjissāmā"ti sabbāyeva nirantaraṃ vihāraṃ upasaṅkamiṃsu. Vuttañhetaṃ –

"Tena kho pana samayena sabbo bhikkhunisaṅgho ovādaṃ gacchati. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti 'jāyāyo imā imesaṃ, jāriyo imā imesaṃ, idānime imāhi saddhiṃ abhiramissantī'ti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ – 'na, bhikkhave, sabbena bhikkhunisaṅghena ovādo gantabbo, gaccheyya ce, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anujānāmi bhikkhave catūhi pañcahi bhikkhunīhi ovādaṃ gantu'nti. Punapi tatheva ujjhāyiṃsu. Puna bhagavā 'anujānāmi, bhikkhave, dve tisso bhikkhuniyo ovādaṃ gantu"'nti āha.

Tasmā bhikkhunisaṅghena dve tisso bhikkhuniyo yācitvā pesetabbā – "ethayye, bhikkhusaṅghaṃ ovādūpasaṅkamanaṃ yācatha, bhikkhunisaṅgho ayyā - pe - ovādūpasaṅkamana"nti (cūḷava. 413). Tāhi bhikkhunīhi ārāmaṃ gantabbaṃ. Tato ovādapaṭiggāhakaṃ ekaṃ bhikkhuṃ upasaṅkamitvā vanditvā so bhikkhu ekāya bhikkhuniyā evamassa vacanīyo "bhikkhunisaṅgho, ayya, bhikkhusaṅghassa pāde vandati, ovādūpasaṅkamanañca yācati, labhatu kira ayya bhikkhunisaṅgho ovādūpasaṅkamana"nti. Tena bhikkhunā pātimokkhuddesako bhikkhu upasaṅkamitvā evamassa vacanīyo "bhikkhunisaṅgho bhante bhikkhusaṅghassa pāde vandati, ovādūpasaṅkamanañca yācati, labhatu kira bhante bhikkhunisaṅgho ovādūpasaṅkamana"nti. Pātimokkhuddesakena vattabbo "atthi koci bhikkhu bhikkhunovādako sammato"ti. Sace hoti koci bhikkhu bhikkhunovādako sammato, pātimokkhuddesakena vattabbo "itthannāmo bhikkhu bhikkhunovādako sammato, taṃ bhikkhunisaṅgho upasaṅkamatū"ti.

Sace na hoti koci bhikkhu bhikkhunovādako sammato, pātimokkhuddesakena vattabbo – "ko āyasmā ussahati bhikkhuniyo ovaditu"nti. Sace koci bhikkhu ussahati bhikkhuniyo ovadituṃ, so ca hoti aṭṭhahaṅgehi samannāgato, sammannitvā vattabbo – "itthannāmo bhikkhu bhikkhunovādako sammato, taṃ bhikkhunisaṅgho upasaṅkamatū"ti.

Sace pana koci na ussahati bhikkhuniyo ovadituṃ, pātimokkhuddesakena vattabbo – "natthi koci bhikkhu bhikkhunovādako sammato, pāsādikena bhikkhunisaṅgho sampādetū"ti. Ettāvatā hi sakalaṃ sikkhattayasaṅgahaṃ sāsanamārocitaṃ hoti. Tena bhikkhunā "sādhū"ti sampaṭicchitvā pāṭipade bhikkhunīnaṃ ārocetabbaṃ. Bhikkhunisaṅghenapi tā bhikkhuniyo pesetabbā "gacchathayye, pucchatha 'kiṃ ayya labhati bhikkhunisaṅgho ovādūpasaṅkamana"'nti. Tāhi "sādhu ayye"ti sampaṭicchitvā ārāmaṃ gantvā taṃ bhikkhuṃ upasaṅkamitvā evaṃ vattabbaṃ – "kiṃ ayya labhati bhikkhunisaṅgho ovādūpasaṅkamana"nti. Tena vattabbaṃ – "natthi koci bhikkhu bhikkhunovādako sammato, pāsādikena bhikkhunisaṅgho sampādetū"ti. Tāhi "sādhu ayyā"ti sampaṭicchitabbaṃ. Ekato āgatānaṃ vasena cetaṃ vuttaṃ, tāsu pana ekāya bhikkhuniyā vattabbañca sampaṭicchitabbañca, itarā tassā sahāyikā.

Sace pana bhikkhunisaṅgho vā bhikkhusaṅgho vā na pūrati, ubhayatopi vā gaṇamattameva puggalamattaṃ vā hoti, ekā bhikkhunī vā bahūhi bhikkhunupassayehi ovādatthāya pesitā hoti, tatrāyaṃ vacanakkamo – "bhikkhuniyo ayya bhikkhusaṅghassa pāde vandanti, ovādūpasaṅkamanañca yācanti, labhantu kira ayya bhikkhuniyo ovādūpasaṅkamana"nti. "Ahaṃ ayya bhikkhusaṅghassa pāde vandāmi; ovādūpasaṅkamanañca yācāmi, labhāmahaṃ ayya ovādūpasaṅkamana"nti.

"Bhikkhunisaṅgho ayya ayyānaṃ pāde vandati, ovādūpasaṅkamanañca yācati, labhatu kira ayya bhikkhunīsaṅgho ovādūpasaṅkamana"nti. "Bhikkhuniyo ayya ayyānaṃ pāde vandanti, ovādūpasaṅkamanañca yācanti, labhantu kira ayya bhikkhuniyo ovādūpasaṅkamana"nti. "Ahaṃ ayya ayyānaṃ pāde vandāmi, ovādūpasaṅkamanañca yācāmi, labhāmahaṃ ayya ovādūpasaṅkamana"nti.

"Bhikkhunisaṅgho ayya ayyassa pāde vandati, ovādūpasaṅkamanañca yācati, labhatu kira ayya bhikkhunisaṅgho ovādūpasaṅkamana"nti. "Bhikkhuniyo ayya ayyassa pāde vandanti ; ovādūpasaṅkamanañca yācanti, labhantu kira ayya bhikkhuniyo ovādūpasaṅkamana"nti. "Ahaṃ ayya ayyassa pāde vandāmi, ovādūpasaṅkamanañca yācāmi, labhāmahaṃ ayya ovādūpasaṅkamana"nti.

"Bhikkhunisaṅgho ca ayya bhikkhuniyo ca bhikkhunī ca bhikkhusaṅghassa ayyānaṃ ayyassa pāde vandati vandanti vandati, ovādūpasaṅkamanañca yācati yācanti yācati, labhatu kira labhantu kira labhatu kira ayya bhikkhunisaṅgho ca bhikkhuniyo ca bhikkhunī ca ovādūpasaṅkamana"nti.

Tenapi bhikkhunā uposathakāle evaṃ vattabbaṃ – "bhikkhuniyo bhante bhikkhusaṅghassa pāde vandanti, ovādūpasaṅkamanañca yācanti, labhantu kira bhante bhikkhuniyo ovādūpasaṅkamana"nti. "Bhikkhunī bhante bhikkhusaṅghassa pāde vandati, ovādūpasaṅkamanañca yācati, labhatu kira bhante bhikkhunī ovādūpasaṅkamana"nti.

"Bhikkhunisaṅgho bhante, bhikkhuniyo bhante, bhikkhunī bhante āyasmantānaṃ pāde vandati, ovādūpasaṅkamanañca yācati, labhatu kira bhante bhikkhunī ovādūpasaṅkamana"nti.

"Bhikkhunisaṅgho ca bhante, bhikkhuniyo ca bhikkhunī ca bhikkhusaṅghassa āyasmantānaṃ pāde vandati vandanti vandati, ovādūpasaṅkamanañca yācati yācanti yācati, labhatu kira labhantu kira labhatu kira bhante bhikkhunisaṅgho ca bhikkhuniyo ca bhikkhunī ca ovādūpasaṅkamana"nti.

Pātimokkhuddesakenāpi sace sammato bhikkhu atthi, purimanayeneva taṃ bhikkhuniyo, taṃ bhikkhunī, taṃ bhikkhunisaṅgho ca bhikkhuniyo ca bhikkhunī ca upasaṅkamantu upasaṅkamatu upasaṅkamatūti vattabbaṃ. Sace natthi, pāsādikena bhikkhunisaṅgho ca bhikkhuniyo ca bhikkhunī ca sampādetu sampādentu sampādetūti vattabbaṃ.

Ovādapaṭiggāhakena pāṭipade paccāharitvā tatheva vattabbaṃ. Ovādaṃ pana bālagilānagamike ṭhapetvā añño sacepi āraññako hoti, appaṭiggahetuṃ na labhati. Vuttañhetaṃ bhagavatā –

"Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ṭhapetvā bālaṃ ṭhapetvā gilānaṃ ṭhapetvā gamikaṃ avasesehi ovādaṃ gahetu"nti (cūḷava. 414).

Tattha yo cātuddasikapannarasikesu vā uposathesu pāṭipade vā gantukāmo, so gamiko dutiyapakkhadivase gacchantopi aggahetuṃ na labhati, "na, bhikkhave, ovādo na gahetabbo, yo na gaṇheyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā"ti (cūḷava. 414) vuttaṃ āpattiṃ āpajjatiyeva. Ovādaṃ gahetvā ca uposathagge anārocetuṃ vā pāṭipade bhikkhunīnaṃ apaccāharituṃ vā na vaṭṭati. Vuttañhetaṃ –

"Na, bhikkhave, ovādo na ārocetabbo. Yo na āroceyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā"ti (cūḷava. 415).

Aparampi vuttaṃ –

"Na, bhikkhave, ovādo na paccāharitabbo. Yo na paccāhareyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā"ti (cūḷava. 415).

Tattha āraññakena paccāharaṇatthaṃ saṅketo kātabbo. Vuttañhetaṃ – "anujānāmi, bhikkhave, āraññakena bhikkhunā ovādaṃ gahetuṃ, saṅketañca kātuṃ, atra paṭiharissāmī"ti. Tasmā āraññako bhikkhu sace bhikkhunīnaṃ vasanagāme bhikkhaṃ labhati, tattheva caritvā bhikkhuniyo disvā ārocetvā gantabbaṃ. No cassa tattha bhikkhā sulabhā hoti, sāmantagāme caritvā bhikkhunīnaṃ gāmaṃ āgamma tatheva kātabbaṃ. Sace dūraṃ gantabbaṃ hoti, saṅketo kātabbo – "ahaṃ amukaṃ nāma tumhākaṃ gāmadvāre sabhaṃ vā maṇḍapaṃ vā rukkhamūlaṃ vā upasaṅkamissāmi, tattha āgaccheyyāthā"ti. Bhikkhunīhi tattha gantabbaṃ, agantuṃ na labbhati. Vuttañhetaṃ – "na, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyā saṅketaṃ na gantabbaṃ. Yā na gaccheyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā"ti (cūḷava. 415).

Ubhatosaṅghe tīhi ṭhānehi pavāretabbanti ettha bhikkhunīhi cātuddase attanā pavāretvā uposathe bhikkhusaṅghe pavāretabbaṃ. Vuttañhetaṃ –

"Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ajjatanāya pavāretvā aparajju bhikkhusaṅghaṃ pavāretu"nti (cūḷava. 427).

Bhikkhunikhandhake vuttanayeneva cettha vinicchayo veditabbo. Vuttañhetaṃ –

"Tena kho pana samayena sabbo bhikkhunisaṅgho pavārento kolāhalamakāsi. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ekaṃ bhikkhuniṃ byattaṃ paṭibalaṃ sammannituṃ bhikkhunisaṅghassa atthāya bhikkhusaṅghaṃ pavāretuṃ. Evañca pana, bhikkhave, sammannitabbā. Paṭhamaṃ bhikkhunī yācitabbā, yācitvā byattāya bhikkhuniyā paṭibalāya saṅgho ñāpetabbo –

"Suṇātu me, ayye saṅgho, yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ, saṅgho itthannāmaṃ bhikkhuniṃ sammanneyya bhikkhunisaṅghassa atthāya bhikkhusaṅghaṃ pavāretuṃ. Esā ñatti.

"Suṇātu me, ayye saṅgho, saṅgho itthannāmaṃ bhikkhuniṃ sammanneyya bhikkhunisaṅghassa atthāya bhikkhusaṅghaṃ pavāretuṃ. Yassā ayyāya khamati itthannāmāya bhikkhuniyā sammuti bhikkhunisaṅghassa atthāya bhikkhusaṅghaṃ pavāretuṃ, sā tuṇhassa; yassā nakkhamati, sā bhāseyya.

"Sammatā saṅghena itthannāmā bhikkhunī bhikkhunisaṅghassa atthāya bhikkhusaṅghaṃ pavāretuṃ. Khamati saṅghassa, tasmā tuṇhī, evametaṃ dhārayāmī"ti (cūḷava. 427).

Tāya sammatāya bhikkhuniyā bhikkhunisaṅghaṃ ādāya bhikkhusaṅghaṃ upasaṅkamitvā ekaṃsaṃ uttarāsaṅgaṃ karitvā añjaliṃ paggahetvā evamassa vacanīyo – "bhikkhunisaṅgho ayya, bhikkhusaṅghaṃ pavāreti – diṭṭhena vā sutena vā parisaṅkāya vā. Vadatayya bhikkhusaṅgho bhikkhunisaṅghaṃ anukampaṃ upādāya, passanto paṭikarissati. Dutiyampi ayya, tatiyampi ayya, bhikkhunisaṅgho - pe - paṭikarissatī"ti.

Sace bhikkhunisaṅgho na pūrati, "bhikkhuniyo ayya bhikkhusaṅghaṃ pavārenti – diṭṭhena vā sutena vā parisaṅkāya vā, vadatayya bhikkhusaṅgho bhikkhuniyo anukampaṃ upādāya, passantiyo paṭikarissantī"ti ca, "ahaṃ ayya bhikkhusaṅghaṃ pavāremi – diṭṭhena vā sutena vā parisaṅkāya vā, vadatu maṃ ayya bhikkhusaṅgho anukampaṃ upādāya, passantī paṭikarissāmī"ti ca evaṃ tikkhattuṃ vattabbaṃ.

Sace bhikkhusaṅgho na pūrati, "bhikkhunisaṅgho ayyā ayye pavāreti – diṭṭhena vā sutena vā parisaṅkāya vā, vadantayyā bhikkhunisaṅghaṃ anukampaṃ upādāya, passanto paṭikarissatī"ti ca, "bhikkhunisaṅgho ayya ayyaṃ pavāreti – diṭṭhena vā sutena vā parisaṅkāya vā, vadatayyo bhikkhunisaṅghaṃ anukampaṃ upādāya, passanto paṭikarissatī"ti ca evaṃ tikkhattuṃ vattabbaṃ.

Ubhinnaṃ apāripūriyā "bhikkhuniyo ayyā ayye pavārenti – diṭṭhena vā sutena vā parisaṅkāya vā, vadantayyā bhikkhuniyo anukampaṃ upādāya, passantiyo paṭikarissantī"ti ca, "bhikkhuniyo ayya ayyaṃ pavārenti – diṭṭhena vā sutena vā parisaṅkāya vā, vadatayyo bhikkhuniyo anukampaṃ upādāya, passantiyo paṭikarissantī"ti ca, "ahaṃ ayyā ayye pavāremi – diṭṭhena vā sutena vā parisaṅkāya vā, vadantu maṃ ayyā anukampaṃ upādāya, passantī paṭikarissāmī"ti ca, "ahaṃ ayya ayyaṃ pavāremi – diṭṭhena vā sutena vā parisaṅkāya vā, vadatu maṃ ayyo anukampaṃ upādāya, passantī paṭikarissāmī"ti ca evaṃ tikkhattuṃ vattabbaṃ.

Mānattacaraṇañca upasampadāpariyesanā ca yathāṭhāneyeva āvi bhavissati.

Nabhikkhuniyā kenaci pariyāyenāti dasahi vā akkosavatthūhi aññena vā kenaci pariyāyena bhikkhu neva akkositabbo, na paribhāsitabbo, na bhayena tajjetabbo. Ovaṭoti pihito vārito paṭikkhitto. Vacanayeva vacanapatho. Anovaṭoti apihito avārito appaṭikkhitto. Tasmā bhikkhuniyā ādhipaccaṭṭhāne jeṭṭhakaṭṭhāne ṭhatvā "evaṃ abhikkama, evaṃ paṭikkama, evaṃ nivāsehi, evaṃ pārupāhī"ti kenaci pariyāyena neva bhikkhu ovaditabbo, na anusāsitabbo. Dosaṃ pana disvā "pubbe mahātherā na evaṃ abhikkamanti, na paṭikkamanti, na nivāsenti, na pārupanti, īdisaṃ kāsāvampi na dhārenti, na evaṃ akkhīni añjentī"tiādinā nayena vijjamānadosaṃ dassetuṃ vaṭṭati. Bhikkhūhi pana "ayaṃ vuḍḍhasamaṇī evaṃ nivāseti, evaṃ pārupati, mā evaṃ nivāsehi, mā evaṃ pārupāhi, mā tilakammapaṇṇakammādīni karohī"ti yathāsukhaṃ bhikkhuniṃ ovadituṃ anusāsituṃ vaṭṭati.

Samaggamhayyāti bhaṇantanti "samaggā amha ayya" iti bhaṇantaṃ bhikkhunisaṅghaṃ. Aññaṃ dhammaṃ bhaṇatīti aññaṃ suttantaṃ vā abhidhammaṃ vā. Samaggamhayyāti vacanena hi ovādaṃ paccāsīsanti, tasmā ṭhapetvā ovādaṃ aññaṃ dhammaṃ bhaṇantassa dukkaṭaṃ. Ovādaṃ aniyyādetvāti eso bhaginiyo ovādoti avatvā.

150. Adhammakammetiādīsu bhikkhunovādakasammutikammaṃ kammanti veditabbaṃ. Tattha adhammakamme dvinnaṃ navakānaṃ vasena aṭṭhārasa pācittiyāni. Dhammakamme dutiyassa navakassa avasānapade anāpatti, sesesu sattarasa dukkaṭāni.

152. Uddesaṃ dentoti aṭṭhannaṃ garudhammānaṃ pāḷiṃ uddisanto. Paripucchaṃ dentoti tassāyeva paguṇāya garudhammapāḷiyā aṭṭhakathaṃ kathentoti attho. Osārehi ayyāti vuccamāno osāretīti evaṃ vuccamāno aṭṭhagarudhammapāḷiṃ osāretīti attho. Evaṃ uddesaṃ dento, paripucchaṃ dento, yo ca osārehīti vuccamāno aṭṭha garudhamme bhaṇati, tassa pācittiyena anāpatti. Aññaṃ dhammaṃ bhaṇantassa dukkaṭena anāpatti. Pañhaṃ pucchati, pañhaṃ puṭṭho kathetīti bhikkhunī garudhammanissitaṃ vā khandhādinissitaṃ vā pañhaṃ pucchati, taṃ yo bhikkhu katheti, tassāpi anāpatti. Aññassatthāya bhaṇantanti catuparisatiṃ dhammaṃ desentaṃ bhikkhuṃ upasaṅkamitvā bhikkhuniyo suṇanti, tatrāpi bhikkhussa anāpatti. Sikkhamānāya sāmaṇeriyāti etāsaṃ desentassāpi anāpatti. Sesaṃ uttānatthameva.

Padasodhammasamuṭṭhānaṃ – vācato ca vācācittato ca samuṭṭhāti, kiriyaṃ, nosaññāvimokkhaṃ, acittakaṃ, paṇṇattivajjaṃ, vacīkammaṃ, ticittaṃ tivedananti.

Ovādasikkhāpadaṃ paṭhamaṃ.