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2. Вопрос о состоянии разрушившего влечения Палийский оригинал
| пали | N.K.G. Mendis - english | Rhys Davids T.W. - english | Парибок А.В. - русский | Комментарии |
| 2."Bhante nāgasena, tumhe bhaṇatha 'yo gihī arahattaṃ patto, dve vāssa gatiyo bhavanti anaññā, tasmiṃ yeva divase pabbajati vā parinibbāyati vā. | King Milinda said: “Revered Nāgasena, you say: “There are two bourns, not another, for a householder who has attained arahatship: either, that very day, he goes forth into homelessness or he attains final Nibbāna. | ‘Venerable Nāgasena, your people say: “Whosoever has attained, as a layman, to Arahatship, one of two conditions are possible to him, and no other—either that very day he enters the Order, or he dies away, | – Почтенный Нагасена, вы утверждаете: если мирянин достигает святости, то перед ним две лишь дороги, и не более: либо он в тот же день примет постриг, либо упокоится, |
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| Na so divaso sakkā atikkametu'nti. | That day is not able to pass without one or other of these events taking place.’ | for beyond that day he cannot last.” | но переждать этот день он не может709. | |
| Sace so, bhante nāgasena, tasmiṃ divase ācariyaṃ vā upajjhāyaṃ vā pattacīvaraṃ vā na labhetha, api nu kho so arahā sayaṃ vā pabbajeyya divasaṃ vā atikkameyya, añño koci arahā iddhimā āgantvā taṃ pabbājeyya vā parinibbāyeyya vā"ti? | If, revered Nāgasena, he could not, on that day, procure a teacher or a preceptor or a bowl and a set of robes, could he go forth of himself or could he let the day pass? Or if some other arahat of psychic power arrived could he let him go forth? Or would he attain final Nibbāna?" | ‘Now if, Nāgasena, he could not, on that day, procure a teacher or preceptor, or a bowl and set of robes, would he then, being an Arahat, admit himself, or would he live over the day, or would some other Arahat suddenly appear by the power of Iddhi and admit him, or would he die away?’ | А если, почтенный Нагасена, не получит он в тот же день учителя, наставника, миску и монашеское платье710, то что же будет с ним: сам ли он себя пострижет, или переждет этот день, или явится какой-то другой святой, обладающий сверхобычными силами711, и пострижет его, или же он упокоится? | |
| "Na so, mahārāja, arahā sayaṃ pabbajeyya, sayaṃ pabbajanto theyyaṃ āpajjati, na ca divasaṃ atikkameyya, aññassa arahantassa āgamanaṃ bhaveyya vā na vā bhaveyya, tasmiṃ yeva divase parinibbāyeyyā"ti. | “An arahat, sire, could not go forth of himself. On going forth of oneself one falls into theft.131 Nor could he let the day pass. Whether another arahat arrived or not, he would attain final Nibbāna that very day.” | ‘He could not, O king, because he is an Arahat, admit himself. For any one admitting himself to The Order is guilty of theft. And he could not last beyond that day. Whether another Arahat should happen, or not, to arrive, on that very day would he die away.’ | – Сам себя святой не пострижет, государь, ибо постригающий себя сам повинен в воровстве712; и день этот он не переждет; либо явится другой святой, а если не явится, он в тот же день упокоится. | |
| "Tena hi, bhante nāgasena, arahattassa santabhāvo vijahito hoti, yena adhigatassa jīvitahāro bhavatī"ti. | “Well then, revered Nāgasena, the peaceful state of arahatship is given up if the life of him who attains it in this manner is carried away.” | ‘Then, Nāgasena, by whatever means attained, the holy condition of Arahatship is thereby also lost, for destruction of life is involved in it.’ | – Тогда, почтенный Нагасена, этим отрицается, что святость есть состояние покоя, ибо у достигшего его оно отнимает жизнь. | |
| "Visamaṃ, mahārāja, gihiliṅgaṃ, visame liṅge liṅgadubbalatāya arahattaṃ patto gihī tasmiṃ yeva divase pabbajati vā parinibbāyati vā. | “Unequal, sire, are the attributes of a householder. The attributes being unequal, it is owing to the weakness of his attributes that a householder who has attained arahatship either goes forth or attains final Nibbāna on that very day. | ‘It is the condition of laymanship which is at fault, O king. In that faulty condition, and by reason of the weakness of the condition itself, the layman who, as such, has attained to Arahatship must either, that very day, enter the Order or die away. | – Мирское обличье несообразно713 святости, государь. Находясь в несообразном обличье, из-за немощности этого обличья достигший святости мирянин либо примет в тот же день постриг, либо упокоится. | |
| Neso, mahārāja, doso arahattassa, gihiliṅgasseveso doso yadidaṃ liṅgadubbalatā. | This is not a defect in arahatship, sire, this is a defect in the householder’s attributes, namely, the weakness of the attributes. | That is not the fault of Arahatship, O king. It is laymanship that is at fault, through not being strong enough. | Это не порок святости, государь, это порок мирского обличья – немощность этого обличья. | |
| "Yathā, mahārāja, bhojanaṃ sabbasattānaṃ āyupālakaṃ jīvitarakkhakaṃ visamakoṭṭhassa mandadubbalagahaṇikassa avipākena jīvitaṃ harati. | It is like food that guards the lifespan and protects the life of all beings, yet carries away the life of him whose stomach is out of order because the food is not properly digested. | ‘Just, O king, as food, that guards the growth and protects the life of all beings, will, through indigestion, take away the life of one whose stomach is unequal to it, whose internal fire is low and weak— | Например, государь, пища всем живым укрепляет силы и продлевает жизнь, но у человека с плохим желудком, со слабой, бессильной желудочной железой714 отнимает жизнь из-за несварения, | |
| Neso, mahārāja, doso bhojanassa, koṭṭhasseveso doso yadidaṃ aggidubbalatā. | This is not a defect in the food, this is a defect in the stomach. | и это, государь, не порок пищи, а порок желудка – бессилие пищеварительного огня. | ||
| Evameva kho, mahārāja, visame liṅge liṅgadubbalatāya arahattaṃ patto gihī tasmiṃ yeva divase pabbajati vā parinibbāyati vā. | just so if a layman attains Arahatship when in that condition unequal to it, then by reason of the weakness of the condition he must, that very day, either enter the Order or die away. | Вот точно так же, государь, находясь в несообразном обличье, из-за немощности этого обличья достигший святости мирянин либо примет в тот же день постриг, либо упокоится. | ||
| Neso, mahārāja, doso arahattassa, gihiliṅgasseveso doso yadidaṃ liṅgadubbalatā. | Это не порок святости, государь, это порок мирского обличья – немощность этого обличья. | |||
| "Yathā vā pana, mahārāja, parittaṃ tiṇasalākaṃ upari garuke pāsāṇe ṭhapite dubbalatāya bhijjitvā patati. | ‘Or just, O king, as a tiny blade of grass when a heavy rock is placed upon it will, through its weakness, break off and give way— | Или, например, государь, если на малую былинку положить сверху тяжелый камень, то она по своей немощности переломится и упадет. | ||
| Evameva kho, mahārāja, arahattaṃ patto gihī tena liṅgena arahattaṃ dhāretuṃ asakkonto tasmiṃ yeva divase pabbajati vā parinibbāyati vā. | just so when a layman attains Arahatship, then, unable to support Arahatship in that condition, he must, that very day, either enter the Order or die away. | Вот точно так же, государь, находясь в мирском обличье, из-за немощности этого обличья достигший святости мирянин либо примет в тот же день постриг, либо упокоится. | ||
| "Yathā vā pana, mahārāja, puriso abalo dubbalo nihīnajacco parittapuñño mahatimahārajjaṃ labhitvā khaṇena paripatati paridhaṃsati osakkati, na sakkoti issariyaṃ dhāretuṃ, evameva kho, mahārāja, arahattaṃ patto gihī tena liṅgena arahattaṃ dhāretuṃ na sakkoti, tena kāraṇena tasmiṃ yeva divase pabbajati vā parinibbāyati vā"ti. | Or, sire, as a man who is feeble and weak, of lowly birth and of little merit,comes to naught and to ruin the moment he has acquired a great and mighty kingdom, falters and is unable to sustain authority, even so, sire, the householder who has attained arahatship is unable to sustain arahatship because of that attribute of weakness, and for that reason he either goes forth or attains final Nibbāna on that very day.” | ‘Or just, O king, as a poor weak fellow of low birth and little ability, if he came into possession of a great and mighty kingdom, would be unable to support the dignity of it —just so if a layman attains to Arahatship, then is he unable, in that condition, to support it. And that is the reason why he must, on that very day, either enter the Order or die away.’ | Или, например, государь, если слабому, бессильному, худородному, бедному достоинствами человеку достанется вдруг огромное царство, то его тотчас покорежит, поломает, он сдастся, не сможет вынести бремени власти. Вот точно так же, государь, достигший святости мирянин не сможет вынести святость в этом обличье, потому он в тот же день либо примет постриг, либо упокоится. | |
| "Sādhu, bhante nāgasena, evametaṃ tathā sampaṭicchāmī"ti. | “It is good, revered Nāgasena; so it is, therefore do I accept it." | ‘Very good, Nāgasena! That is so, and I accept it as you say.’ | – Отлично, почтенный Нагасена. Да, это так. Я с этим согласен. | |
| Khīṇāsavabhāvapañho dutiyo. | Here ends the dilemma as to the lay Arahat. |