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69. Pātimokkhuddesānujānanā Палийский оригинал
| пали | Khematto Bhikkhu - english | Комментарии |
| 133.Atha kho bhagavato rahogatassa paṭisallīnassa evaṃ cetaso parivitakko udapādi – "yaṃnūnāhaṃ yāni mayā bhikkhūnaṃ paññattāni sikkhāpadāni, tāni nesaṃ pātimokkhuddesaṃ anujāneyyaṃ. | Then, as the Blessed One was alone in seclusion, this train of thought arose in his awareness: “What if I were to allow the monks the recitation of a collection [Mv.II.3.4] of the rules I have laid down for them? | |
| So nesaṃ bhavissati uposathakamma"nti. | That will be their Uposatha transaction.” | |
| Atha kho bhagavā sāyanhasamayaṃ paṭisallānā vuṭṭhito etasmiṃ nidāne etasmiṃ pakaraṇe dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – idha mayhaṃ, bhikkhave, rahogatassa paṭisallīnassa evaṃ cetaso parivitakko udapādi 'yaṃnūnāhaṃ yāni mayā bhikkhūnaṃ paññattāni sikkhāpadāni, tāni nesaṃ pātimokkhuddesaṃ anujāneyyaṃ. | Then, when it was evening, the Blessed One rose from seclusion and, having given a Dhamma talk with regard to this cause, to this incident, addressed the monks: “Monks, just now, as I was alone in seclusion, this train of thought arose in my awareness: ‘What if I were to allow the monks the recitation of a collection of the rules I have laid down for them? | |
| So nesaṃ bhavissati uposathakamma'nti. | That will be their Uposatha transaction.’ | |
| Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, pātimokkhaṃ uddisituṃ. | “Monks, I allow you to recite the Pāṭimokkha.” | |
| Evañca pana, bhikkhave, uddisitabbaṃ. | “And, monks, it should be recited like this: | |
| Byattena bhikkhunā paṭibalena saṅgho ñāpetabbo – | “An experienced and competent monk should inform the Saṅgha: | |
| 134."Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. | “‘Venerable sirs, may the Saṅgha listen to me. | |
| Yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ, saṅgho uposathaṃ kareyya, pātimokkhaṃ uddiseyya. | If the Saṅgha is ready, let it perform the Uposatha, let it recite the Pāṭimokkha. | |
| Kiṃ saṅghassa pubbakiccaṃ? | “‘What is the Saṅgha’s preliminary duty? | |
| Pārisuddhiṃ āyasmanto ārocetha. | “‘Let the venerable ones announce purity1. |
Comm. KT: 1. Any purity that needs to be announced. Все комментарии (1) |
| Pātimokkhaṃ uddisissāmi. | “‘I will recite the Pāṭimokkha. | |
| Taṃ sabbeva santā sādhukaṃ suṇoma manasi karoma. | “‘May all of us who are present listen well and pay attention. | |
| Yassa siyā āpatti, so āvikareyya. | “‘If anyone has an offense, let him reveal it. | |
| Asantiyā āpattiyā tuṇhī bhavitabbaṃ. | Those without offense should remain silent. | |
| Tuṇhībhāvena kho panāyasmante parisuddhāti vedissāmi. | “‘By their silence I will know that the venerable ones are pure. | |
| Yathā kho pana paccekapuṭṭhassa veyyākaraṇaṃ hoti, evamevaṃ [evameva (ka)] evarūpāya parisāya yāvatatiyaṃ anussāvitaṃ hoti. | “‘Just as, when questioned individually, one should answer, the same holds true when in such an assembly (as this), the declaration (at the end of each class of offense) is made three times. | |
| Yo pana bhikkhu yāvatatiyaṃ anussāviyamāne saramāno santiṃ āpattiṃ nāvikareyya, sampajānamusāvādassa hoti. | “‘Should any monk, when the declaration is made up to the third time, remember an existing offense but not reveal it, he has a deliberate lie. | |
| Sampajānamusāvādo kho panāyasmanto antarāyiko dhammo vutto bhagavatā. | “‘And the Blessed One has declared a deliberate lie to be an obstruction. | |
| Tasmā, saramānena bhikkhunā āpannena visuddhāpekkhena santī āpatti āvikātabbā; āvikatā hissa phāsu hotī"ti. | “‘Therefore any monk with an offense, on remembering it and aiming at purity, should reveal his existing offense. “‘Having revealed it, he will have peace.’” | |
| 135.Pātimokkhanti ādimetaṃ mukhametaṃ pamukhametaṃ kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ. | ‘Pāṭimokkha’: It is the beginning, the entrance, and the foremost of skillful qualities, | |
| Tena vuccati pātimokkhanti. | therefore it is called ‘Pāṭimokkha’1. |
Comm. KT: 1. The above explanation of the word ‘Pāṭimokkha’ seems to be an example of word-play, similar to the Buddha’s definition of a being as one ... Все комментарии (1) |
| Āyasmantoti piyavacanametaṃ garuvacanametaṃ sagāravasappatissādhivacanametaṃ āyasmantoti. | ‘Āyasmant’: It is a term of endearment, a term of respect, a respectful and deferential term: ‘Āyasmant’ | |
| Uddisissāmīti ācikkhissāmi desessāmi paññapessāmi paṭṭhapessāmi vivarissāmi vibhajissāmi uttāniṃ karissāmi [uttānī karissāmi (sī. syā.)] pakāsessāmi. | ‘I will recite’: I will declare it, teach it, describe it, set it forth, reveal it, explain it, make it plain, and expound it. | |
| Tanti pātimokkhaṃ vuccati. | ‘It’: refers to the Pāṭimokkha. | |
| Sabbeva santāti yāvatikā tassā parisāya therā ca navā ca majjhimā ca, ete vuccanti sabbeva santāti. | ‘All who are present’: To the extent that there are, in the assembly, elder, new (monks), and (monks of) middling (seniority)—these are called, ‘all who are present’. | |
| Sādhukaṃ suṇomāti aṭṭhiṃ katvā manasi katvā sabbacetasā [sabbaṃ cetasā (syā. ka.)] samannāharāma. | ‘May we listen well’: Having paid attention and taken it to heart, may we gather it all in with the mind. | |
| Manasi karomāti ekaggacittā avikkhittacittā avisāhaṭacittā nisāmema. | ‘Pay attention’: We attend to it singleminded1, undistracted, with an undisturbed mind. |
Comm. KT: 1: This shows that ekaggacittā, sometimes translated as ‘one-pointedness of mind’, doesn’t preclude hearing sounds or thinking (as in yoniso... Все комментарии (1) |
| Yassa siyā āpattīti therassa vā navassa vā majjhimassa vā, pañcannaṃ vā āpattikkhandhānaṃ aññatarā āpatti, sattannaṃ vā āpattikkhandhānaṃ aññatarā āpatti. | ‘If anyone has an offense’: A certain offense in the five classes1 of offense or a certain offense in the seven classes of offense, of an elder, a new (monk), or (a monk of) middling (seniority). |
Comm. KT: 1. The five classes of offense are the pārājikas, saṅghādisesas, aniyatas, nisaggiya pācittiyas, and pācittiyas. The seven classes include t... Все комментарии (1) |
| So āvikareyyāti so deseyya, so vivareyya, so uttāniṃ kareyya, so pakāseyya saṅghamajjhe vā gaṇamajjhe vā ekapuggale vā. | ‘Let him reveal it’: Let him show it, reveal it, make it plain, and announce it, either in the midst of the Saṅgha, in the midst of a group, in the presence of a single individual. | |
| Asantī nāma āpatti anajjhāpannā vā hoti, āpajjitvā vā vuṭṭhitā. | ‘One without offense1’ means he hasn’t fallen into (an offense) or, having fallen, he has been rehabilitated (from that offense). |
Comm. KT: 1. Note: the yassa from above (yassa siyā āpatti) seems to be implied here, as a kind of lamp figure, giving ‘one without offense’ rather th... Все комментарии (1) |
| Tuṇhī bhavitabbanti adhivāsetabbaṃ na byāharitabbaṃ. | ‘Should remain silent’: He should consent, and not speak. | |
| Parisuddhāti vedissāmīti jānissāmi dhāressāmi. | ‘I will know that (the venerable ones) are pure’: I will understand and remember. | |
| Yathā kho pana paccekapuṭṭhassa veyyākaraṇaṃ hotīti yathā ekena eko puṭṭho byākareyya, evameva tassā parisāya jānitabbaṃ maṃ pucchatīti. | ‘Just as, when questioned individually, one should answer’: Just as, when questioned one-on-one, one would answer, in the same way it should be understood of the assembly that, “It [the Saṅgha] is questioning me.” | |
| Evarūpā nāma parisā bhikkhuparisā vuccati. | ‘Such an assembly’: refers to an assembly of monks. | |
| Yāvatatiyaṃ anussāvitaṃ hotīti sakimpi anussāvitaṃ hoti, dutiyampi anussāvitaṃ hoti, tatiyampi anussāvitaṃ hoti. | ‘The declaration is made up to the third time’: There is a single declaration, and then there is the second declaration, and then there is the third declaration. | |
| Saramānoti jānamāno sañjānamāno. | ‘Remembering’: knowing it, perceiving it. | |
| Santī nāma āpatti ajjhāpannā vā hoti, āpajjitvā vā avuṭṭhitā. | ‘An existing (offense)’: He has fallen into an offense, or, having fallen into it, he hasn’t been rehabilitated. | |
| Nāvikareyyāti na deseyya, na vivareyya, na uttāniṃ kareyya, na pakāseyya saṅghamajjhe vā gaṇamajjhe vā ekapuggale vā. | ‘Should he not reveal it’: Should he not show it, reveal it, make it plain, or announce it either in the midst of the Saṅgha, in the midst of a group, or in the presence of one individual. | |
| Sampajānamusāvādassa hotīti. | ‘He has a deliberate lie’: | |
| Sampajānamusāvāde kiṃ hoti? | In the case of a deliberate lie, what is it? | |
| Dukkaṭaṃ hoti. | It’s (an offense of) wrong-doing. [BMC: 12] | |
| Antarāyiko dhammo vutto bhagavatāti. | ‘The Blessed One has declared a deliberate lie to be an obstruction’: | |
| Kissa antarāyiko? | An obstruction to what? | |
| Paṭhamassa jhānassa adhigamāya antarāyiko, dutiyassa jhānassa adhigamāya antarāyiko, tatiyassa jhānassa adhigamāya antarāyiko, catutthassa jhānassa adhigamāya antarāyiko, jhānānaṃ vimokkhānaṃ samādhīnaṃ samāpattīnaṃ nekkhammānaṃ nissaraṇānaṃ pavivekānaṃ kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ adhigamāya antarāyiko. | An obstruction to the attainment of the first jhāna, an obstruction to the attainment of the second jhāna, an obstruction to the attainment of the third jhāna, an obstruction to the attainment of the fourth jhāna, an obstruction to the attainment of the jhānas, liberations, concentrations, attainments, escapes through renunciation, seclusion, and skillful qualities. | |
| Tasmāti taṅkāraṇā. | ‘Therefore’: because of that. | |
| Saramānenāti jānamānena sañjānamānena. | ‘By one remembering’: by one knowing and perceiving. | |
| Visuddhāpekkhenāti vuṭṭhātukāmena visujjhitukāmena. | ‘By one aiming at purity’: By one desiring to be rehabilitated, desiring to be purified. | |
| Santī nāma āpatti ajjhāpannā vā hoti, āpajjitvā vā avuṭṭhitā. | ‘An existing offense’: He has fallen into it, or, having fallen into it, he hasn’t been rehabilitated. | |
| Āvikātabbāti āvikātabbā saṅghamajjhe vā gaṇamajjhe vā ekapuggale vā. | ‘Should reveal’: should reveal it either in the midst of the Saṅgha, in the midst of a group, or in the presence of one individual. | |
| Āvikatā hissa phāsu hotīti. | ‘Having revealed it, he will have peace.’ | |
| Kissa phāsu hoti? | The peace of what? | |
| Paṭhamassa jhānassa adhigamāya phāsu hoti, dutiyassa jhānassa adhigamāya phāsu hoti, tatiyassa jhānassa adhigamāya phāsu hoti, catutthassa jhānassa adhigamāya phāsu hoti, jhānānaṃ vimokkhānaṃ samādhīnaṃ samāpattīnaṃ nekkhammānaṃ nissaraṇānaṃ pavivekānaṃ kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ adhigamāya phāsu hotīti. | He will have the peace of the attainment of the first jhāna, the peace of the attainment of the second jhāna, the peace of the attainment of the third jhāna, the peace of the attainment of the fourth jhāna, the peace of the attainment of the jhānas, liberations, concentrations, attainments, escapes through renunciation, seclusion, and skillful qualities. | |
| 136.Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū – bhagavatā pātimokkhuddeso anuññātoti – devasikaṃ pātimokkhaṃ uddisanti. | Now at that time the monks, (thinking,) “The Blessed One has allowed the Pāṭimokkha to be recited,” recited it daily. | |
| Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. | They reported the matter to the Blessed One. | |
| Na, bhikkhave, devasikaṃ pātimokkhaṃ uddisitabbaṃ. | “Monks, the Pāṭimokkha should not be recited daily. | |
| Yo uddiseyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. | Whoever should recite it daily: an offense of wrong doing. | |
| Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, uposathe pātimokkhaṃ uddisitunti. | “I allow that the Pāṭimokkha be recited on the Uposatha day.” | |
| Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū – bhagavatā uposathe pātimokkhuddeso anuññātoti – pakkhassa tikkhattuṃ pātimokkhaṃ uddisanti, cātuddase pannarase aṭṭhamiyā ca pakkhassa. | Now at that time the monks, (thinking,) “the Blessed One has allowed the Pāṭimokkha to be recited on the Uposatha day,” recited the Pāṭimokkha three times in a fortnight: the fourteenth, fifteenth, and eighth (day) of the fortnight. | |
| Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. | They reported the matter to the Blessed One. | |
| Na, bhikkhave, pakkhassa tikkhattuṃ pātimokkhaṃ uddisitabbaṃ. | “Monks, the Pāṭimokkha should not be recited three times in the fortnight. | |
| Yo uddiseyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. | Whoever should recite it three times in the half-month: an offense of wrong doing. | |
| Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, sakiṃ pakkhassa cātuddase vā pannarase vā pātimokkhaṃ uddisitunti. | “I allow the Pāṭimokkha to be recited once during the fortnight, on the fourteenth or fifteenth day.” | |
| Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū yathāparisāya pātimokkhaṃ uddisanti sakāya sakāya parisāya. | Now at that time the Group-of-six monks recited the Pāṭimokkha by grouping, each with his own grouping. | |
| Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. | They reported the matter to the Blessed One. | |
| Na, bhikkhave, yathāparisāya pātimokkhaṃ uddisitabbaṃ sakāya sakāya parisāya. | “Monks, the Pāṭimokkha should not be recited by grouping, each with his own grouping. | |
| Yo uddiseyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. | [Whoever should recite it by grouping: an offense of wrong doing.] | |
| Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, samaggānaṃ uposathakammanti. | “I allow an Uposatha transaction for those who are united.” | |
| Atha kho bhikkhūnaṃ etadahosi – "bhagavatā paññattaṃ 'samaggānaṃ uposathakamma'nti. | Then the thought occurred to the monks, “The Blessed One has laid down an Uposatha transaction for those who are united. | |
| Kittāvatā nu kho sāmaggī hoti, yāvatā ekāvāso, udāhu sabbā pathavī"ti? | To what extent is there unity? To the extent of one residence (monastery) or of the whole Earth?” | |
| Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. | They reported the matter to the Blessed One. | |
| Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ettāvatā sāmaggī yāvatā ekāvāsoti. | “Monks, I allow that the extent of unity be to the extent of one residence (monastery).” |