| пали | E.W. Burlingame, Ānandajoti Bhikkhu - english
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khantibalo - русский
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Комментарии |
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Cattāriṭhānānīti imaṃ dhammadesanaṃ satthā jetavane viharanto anāthapiṇḍikassa bhāgineyyaṃ khemakaṃ nāma seṭṭhiputtaṃ ārabbha kathesi.
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“There are four states,” this Dhamma teaching was given by the Teacher while he was in residence at Jetavana with reference to Khema, a rich man’s son, nephew of Anāthapiṇḍika.
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So kira abhirūpo ahosi, yebhuyyena itthiyo taṃ disvā rāgābhibhūtā sakabhāvena saṇṭhātuṃ nāsakkhiṃsu.
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Khema is said to have been an exceedingly handsome youth. All the women who saw him became so overmastered with desire that they were unable to control themselves.
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Sopi paradārakammābhiratova ahosi.
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Khema was given to running after other men’s wives.
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Atha naṃ rattiṃ rājapurisā gahetvā rañño dassesuṃ.
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One night the king’s men took him prisoner and brought him before the king.
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Rājā mahāseṭṭhissa lajjāmīti taṃ kiñci avatvā vissajjāpesi.
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Thought the king: “I feel shame for the elder rich man.” So without saying a word to him, he let him go.
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So pana neva virami.
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But for all that, Khema did not abandon his wicked ways.
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Atha naṃ dutiyampi tatiyampi rājapurisā gahetvā rañño dassesuṃ.
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A second time and a third time the king’s men took him prisoner and brought him before the king,
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Rājā vissajjāpesiyeva.
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and each time the king just let him go.
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Mahāseṭṭhi, taṃ pavattiṃ sutvā taṃ ādāya satthu santikaṃ gantvā taṃ pavattiṃ ārocetvā, "bhante, imassa dhammaṃ desethā"ti āha.
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When the elder rich man heard what had happened, he went to the Teacher with his son, made him tell his story, and said to the Teacher: “Venerable Sir, teach the Dhamma to this youth.”
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Satthā tassa saṃvegakathaṃ vatvā paradārasevanāya dosaṃ dassento imā gāthā abhāsi –
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Thereupon the Teacher aroused his conscience and showed him the wrong involved in running after other men’s wives by pronouncing the following verses:
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309.
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"Cattāri ṭhānāni naro pamatto,
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There are four states the man who is heedless,
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В четыре беды беспечный человек,
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Āpajjati paradārūpasevī;
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the man who consorts with other men’s wives, undergoes:
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путающийся с чужой женой, попадает:
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Apuññalābhaṃ na nikāmaseyyaṃ,
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demerit, a rough bed,
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обретение неблагого, отсутствие хорошего сна,
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Nindaṃ tatīyaṃ nirayaṃ catutthaṃ.
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blame, and rebirth in Niraya Hell as fourth.
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в третьих - осуждение, в четвёртый - преисподняя.
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310.
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"Apuññalābho ca gatī ca pāpikā,
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Gaining demerit, a bad destiny,
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Обретение неблагого и дурной удел,
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Bhītassa bhītāya ratī ca thokikā;
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and only the very small delight of a scared man with a scared woman
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кратковременная любовь испуганного с испуганной,
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Rājā ca daṇḍaṃ garukaṃ paṇeti,
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, and kings who apply heavy punishment
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и правитель налагает суровое наказание,
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Tasmā naro paradāraṃ na seve"ti.
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– a man should not consort with another man’s wife.
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поэтому пусть мужчина не путается с чужой женой.
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Tattha ṭhānānīti dukkhakāraṇāni.
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Здесь "беды" означает "причины страдания".
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Pamattoti sativossaggena samannāgato.
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"Беспечный": обладающий отсутствием памятования.
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Āpajjatīti pāpuṇāti.
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"Допадает": достигает.
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Paradārūpasevīti paradāraṃ upasevanto uppathacārī.
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"Путающийся с чужой женой": дурно ведёт себя, водясь с чужой женой.
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Apuññalābhanti akusalalābhaṃ.
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"Обретение неблагого": обретение неблаготворного.
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Na nikāmaseyyanti yathā icchati, evaṃ seyyaṃ alabhitvā anicchitaṃ parittakameva kālaṃ seyyaṃ labhati.
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"Отсутствие хорошего сна": не получив тот сон, который желает, обретает лишь нежелательный, ограниченный по времени сон.
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Apuññalābho cāti evaṃ tassa ayañca apuññalābho, tena ca apuññena nirayasaṅkhātā pāpikā gati hoti.
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"Обретение неблагого и": так это обретение неблагого у него происходит, от этого неблагого у него дурной удел, которым является преисподняя.
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Ratī ca thokikāti yā tassa bhītassa bhītāya itthiyā saddhiṃ rati, sāpi thokikā parittā hoti.
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"Кратковременная любовь": любовь того испуганного с той испуганной женщиной коротка и ограниченна.
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Garukanti rājā ca hatthacchedādivasena garukaṃ daṇḍaṃ paṇeti.
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"Суровое": правитель налагает суровое наказание в виде отсечения рук и прочего.
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Tasmāti yasmā paradāraṃ sevanto etāni apuññādīni pāpuṇāti, tasmā paradāraṃ na seveyyāti attho.
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"Поэтому": поскольку тот, кто путается с чужими жёнами, приходит к этому неблагому и прочему, поэтому пусть он не путается с чужой женой.
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Desanāvasāne khemako sotāpattiphale patiṭṭhahi.
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At the end of the teaching Khema was established in the fruition of Stream-entry.
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Tato paṭṭhāya mahājano sukhaṃ vītināmesi.
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С того момента народ стал жить счастливо.
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Kiṃ panassa pubbakammanti?
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What was his former deed?
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So kira kassapabuddhakāle uttamamallo hutvā dve suvaṇṇapaṭākā dasabalassa kañcanathūpe āropetvā patthanaṃ paṭṭhapesi "ṭhapetvā ñātisālohititthiyo avasesā maṃ disvā rajjantū"ti.
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It is said that in the dispensation of the Buddha Kassapa he was a champion wrestler, and that one day he planted two colored banners on the golden shrine of the Buddha, and made the following aspiration: “May all the women who look upon me, except my kinswomen and blood-relatives, fall in love with me.”
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Idamassa pubbakammanti.
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This was his former deed.
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Tena taṃ nibbattanibbattaṭṭhāne disvā paresaṃ itthiyo sakabhāvena saṇṭhātuṃ nāsakkhiṃsūti.
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By reason of this, in the various places where he was reborn, other men’s wives who saw him were unable to control themselves.
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Khemakaseṭṭhiputtavatthu catutthaṃ.
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