| пали | khantibalo - русский
|
Комментарии |
|
308.Tatiyassa paṭhame micchādiṭṭhikoti ayāthāvadiṭṭhiko.
|
|
|
|
Viparītadassanoti tāyeva micchādiṭṭhiyā viparītadassano.
|
|
|
|
Saddhammā vuṭṭhāpetvāti dasakusalakammapathadhammato vuṭṭhāpetvā.
|
|
|
|
Asaddhammepatiṭṭhāpetīti dasaakusalakammapathasaṅkhāte asaddhamme patiṭṭhāpeti.
|
|
|
|
Ekapuggaloti cettha chahi satthārehi saddhiṃ devadatto ca aññe ca evarūpā veditabbā.
|
|
|
|
309.Dutiye sammādiṭṭhikoti yāthāvadiṭṭhiko.
|
|
|
|
Aviparītadassanoti tāyeva sammādiṭṭhiyā aviparītadassano.
|
|
|
|
Asaddhammāti dasaakusalakammapathato.
|
|
|
|
Saddhammeti dasakusalakammapathasaṅkhāte saddhamme.
|
|
|
|
Ekapuggaloti cettha anuppanne buddhe cakkavattī rājā sabbaññubodhisattoti evamādayo labbhanti, uppanne buddhe buddho ceva buddhasāvakā ca.
|
"Одна личность": и здесь при отсутствии будд поворачивающий колесо правитель, бодхисатта для всеведения и прочие под это подпадают, при наличии Будды - Будда и ученики Будды.
|
|
|
310.Tatiye micchādiṭṭhiparamānīti micchādiṭṭhi paramā etesanti micchādiṭṭhiparamāni.
|
|
|
|
Pañca hi ānantariyakammāni mahāsāvajjāni nāma, tehipi micchādiṭṭhiyeva mahāsāvajjatarāti adhippāyo.
|
|
|
|
Kasmā?
|
|
|
|
Tesañhi paricchedo atthi.
|
|
|
|
Cattāri hi ānantariyakammāni niraye nibbattāpentīti vuttāni.
|
|
|
|
Saṅghabhedakammampi niraye kappaṭṭhitikameva hoti.
|
|
|
|
Evametesaṃ paricchedo atthi, koṭi paññāyati.
|
|
|
|
Niyatamicchādiṭṭhiyā pana paricchedo natthi.
|
|
|
|
Sā hi vaṭṭassa mūlaṃ, tāya samannāgatassa bhavato vuṭṭhānaṃ natthi.
|
|
|
|
Ye tassa sotabbaṃ maññanti, tepi vippaṭipādeti.
|
|
|
|
Tāya ca samannāgatassa neva saggo atthi na maggo.
|
|
|
|
Kappavināse mahājane brahmaloke nibbattepi niyatamicchādiṭṭhiko tattha anibbattitvā piṭṭhicakkavāḷe nibbattati.
|
|
|
|
Kiṃ pana piṭṭhicakkavāḷaṃ na jhāyatīti?
|
|
|
|
Jhāyati, tasmiṃ jhāyamānepi esa ākāse ekasmiṃ okāse paccatiyevāti vadanti.
|
|
|
|
311.Catutthe makkhalīti "mā khalī"ti vacanaṃ upādāya evaṃladdhanāmo titthakaro.
|
|
|
|
Nadīmukheti dvinnaṃ nadīnaṃ samāgataṭṭhāne.
|
|
|
|
Desanāmattamevetaṃ, dvinnaṃ kandarānaṃ, dvinnaṃ udakānaṃ, samuddassa ca, loṇiyā ca, samuddassa ca nadiyā cāti etesampi yassa kassaci samāgataṭṭhānaṃ, aññampi tathārūpaṃ udakaṃ.
|
|
|
|
Khipanti kuminaṃ.
|
|
|
|
Uḍḍeyyāti oḍḍeyya.
|
|
|
|
Manussā hi naḷehi vā ucchūhi vā veḷūhi vā palāsantisalākāya vā ekaṃ dve tayo vā kumbhe gaṇhanappamāṇakuminaṃ katvā mukhavaṭṭiyā yottena bandhitvā nadīmukhaṃ netvā dvīsu passesu khāṇuke koṭṭetvā yottehi tattha bandhanti, taṃ sandhāyetaṃ vuttaṃ.
|
|
|
|
Tasmiñhi paviṭṭhassa khuddakassa macchassāpi mokkho natthi.
|
|
|
|
Anayāyāti avaḍḍhiyā.
|
|
|
|
Byāsanāyāti vināsāya.
|
|
|
|
Makkhali moghapurisoti ayaṃ makkhali gosālo tucchapuriso.
|
|
|
|
Manussakhippaṃ maññe loke uppannoti mahājanassa saggamokkhagamanamagge tattha gamananivāraṇatthaṃ manussakuminaṃ viya loke uppanno.
|
|
|
|
312.Pañcamādīsu durakkhāte, bhikkhave, dhammavinayeti durakkhātadhammavinayo nāma bāhirakasāsanaṃ.
|
|
|
|
Tattha hi satthāpi asabbaññū hoti, dhammopi durakkhāto, gaṇopi duppaṭipanno.
|
|
|
|
Yo ca samādapetīti yo ācariyapuggalo samādapeti.
|
|
|
|
Yañca samādapetīti yaṃ antevāsikaṃ samādapeti.
|
|
|
|
Yo ca samādapito tathattāya paṭipajjatīti yo antevāsiko ācariyena samādapito tassa vacanaṃ karonto tathābhāvāya paṭipajjati.
|
|
|
|
Bahuṃ apuññaṃ pasavantīti samādapako hi pāṇātipātādīsu jaṅghasataṃ samādapento tesaṃ sabbesampi akusalena samakameva akusalaṃ pāpuṇāti.
|
|
|
|
Tenāha – "sabbe te bahuṃ apuññaṃ pasavantī"ti.
|
|
|
|
313.Svākkhāteti suṭṭhu akkhāte sudesite.
|
|
|
|
Evarūpe hi dhammavinaye satthā ca sabbaññū hoti, dhammo ca svākkhāto, gaṇo ca suppaṭipanno.
|
|
|
|
Sabbe te bahuṃ puññaṃ pasavantīti samādapako hi bhikkhū piṇḍāya paviṭṭhe disvā yāgubhattādīni samādapento sabbesampi dāyakānaṃ kusalena samakaṃ kusalaṃ pāpuṇāti.
|
|
|
|
Tena vuttaṃ – "bahuṃ puññaṃ pasavantī"ti.
|
|
|
|
314.Dāyakena mattā jānitabbāti dāyakapuggalena pamāṇaṃ jānitabbaṃ, pamāṇena dātabbaṃ, pūretvā atirekaṃ na dātabbaṃ.
|
|
|
|
Na dātabbanti hi avatvā pamāṇavasena thokaṃ dātabbanti vuttaṃ.
|
|
|
|
Kasmā?
|
|
|
|
Pūretvā atireke dinnepi hi atirekā manussasampatti vā dibbasampatti vā nibbānasampatti vā natthi.
|
|
|
|
No paṭiggāhakenāti paṭiggāhakassa pana mattaṃ jānitvā paṭiggahaṇakiccaṃ nāma natthi.
|
|
|
|
Kasmā?
|
|
|
|
Tassa hi mattaṃ ñatvā pūretabbā mattapaṭiggahaṇamūlikā appicchapaṭipadā nāma natthi.
|
|
|
|
Yattakaṃ pana labhati, tattakaṃ gahetabbaṃ.
|
|
|
|
Atirekaggahaṇamūlaṃ hissa puttadārabharaṇaṃ bhavissati.
|
|
|
|
315.Paṭiggāhakena mattā jānitabbāti paṭiggāhakapuggalena pamāṇaṃ jānitabbaṃ.
|
|
|
|
Kathaṃ?
|
|
|
|
Tena hi dāyakassa vaso veditabbo, deyyadhammassa vaso veditabbo, attano thāmo veditabbo.
|
|
|
|
Yadi hi deyyadhammo bahu hoti, dāyako appaṃ dātukāmo, dāyakassa vasena appaṃ gaṇhitabbaṃ.
|
|
|
|
Deyyadhammo appo, dāyako bahuṃ dātukāmo, deyyadhammassa vasena appaṃ gaṇhitabbaṃ.
|
|
|
|
Deyyadhammopi bahu, dāyakopi bahuṃ dātukāmo, attano thāmaṃ ñatvā pamāṇeneva gaṇhitabbaṃ.
|
|
|
|
Evaṃ mattaṃ ñatvā paṭiggaṇhanto hi appicchapaṭipadaṃ pūreti.
|
|
|
|
Anuppannassa lābho uppajjati, uppanno lābho thāvarova hoti.
|
|
|
|
Appasannā pasīdanti, pasannāpi bhiyyo pasādamāpajjanti, mahājanassa cakkhubhūto hoti, sāsanaṃ ciraṭṭhitikaṃ karoti.
|
|
|
|
Tatrimāni vatthūni – rohaṇajanapade kira kuṭimbiyavihāre eko daharo dubbhikkhasamaye tasmiṃ gāme ekassa kammakārassa gehe bhuñjanatthāya kaṭacchubhattaṃ gahetvā gamanatthāya ca kaṭacchubhattameva labhati.
|
|
|
|
So ekadivasaṃ tasmiṃ gehe ekaṃ āgantukaṃ disvā ekameva kaṭacchubhattaṃ gaṇhi.
|
|
|
|
Athassa "kena kāraṇenā"ti vutte tamatthaṃ vatvā so kulaputto pasīditvā "amhākaṃ kulūpakabhadanto evarūpo nāmā"ti rājadvāre mittāmaccānaṃ kathesi.
|
|
|
|
Te sabbepi tassa appicchaguṇe pasannā ekadivaseneva saṭṭhi dhurabhattāni ṭhapesuṃ.
|
|
|
|
Evaṃ appiccho anuppannalābhaṃ uppādeti.
|
|
|
|
Saddhātissamahārājāpi cūḷupaṭṭhākaṃ tissāmaccaṃ vīmaṃsitvā tena ekaṃ tittiraṃ pacāpetvā āharāpesi.
|
|
|
|
Atha paribhogasamaye "aggaṃ datvā paribhuñjissāmī"ti aṭṭhakasālapariveṇe mahātherassa bhaṇḍaggāhasāmaṇerassa tittiramaṃsaṃ dento tasmiṃ thokaṃyeva paṭiggaṇhante tassa appicchaguṇe pasīditvā "pasannosmi, tāta, aṭṭha te dhurabhattāni demī"ti āha.
|
|
|
|
Mahārāja, upajjhāyassa demīti.
|
|
|
|
Aparānipi aṭṭha demīti.
|
|
|
|
Tāni amhākaṃ ācariyassa demīti.
|
|
|
|
Aparānipi aṭṭha dammīti.
|
|
|
|
Tāni samānupajjhāyānaṃ dammīti.
|
|
|
|
Aparānipi aṭṭha dammīti.
|
|
|
|
Tāni bhikkhusaṅghassa dammīti.
|
|
|
|
Aparānipi aṭṭha dammīti.
|
|
|
|
Sāmaṇero adhivāsesi.
|
|
|
|
Evamassa uppanno lābho thāvaro hoti.
|
|
|
|
Appasannā pasīdantīti etthapi – dīghabrāhmaṇo kira brāhmaṇe bhojento pañca pañca bhattasarakāni datvā santappetuṃ nāsakkhi.
|
|
|
|
Athekadivasaṃ "samaṇā kira nāma appicchā"ti kathaṃ sutvā vīmaṃsanatthāya bhattaṃ gāhāpetvā bhikkhusaṅghassa bhattakiccakaraṇavelāya vihāraṃ gantvā tiṃsamatte bhikkhū bhojanasālāyaṃ bhuñjante disvā ekaṃ bhattasarakaṃ gahetvā saṅghattherassa santikaṃ agamāsi.
|
|
|
|
Thero aṅguliṃ cāletvā thokameva aggahesi.
|
|
|
|
Eteneva niyāmena ekaṃ bhattasarakaṃ sabbesaṃ sampāpuṇi.
|
|
|
|
Tato brāhmaṇo "saccoyeva etesaṃ samaṇānaṃ guṇo"ti appicchatāya pasanno sahassaṃ vissajjetvā tasmiṃyeva vihāre cetiyaṃ kāresi.
|
|
|
|
Evaṃ appasannā pasīdanti.
|
|
|
|
Pasannābhiyyo pasīdantīti ettha vatthunā kiccaṃ natthi.
|
|
|
|
Pasannānañhi appicchaṃ disvā pasādo bhiyyo vaḍḍhatiyeva.
|
|
|
|
Majjhantikatissattherasadise pana appicche disvā mahājano appiccho bhavituṃ maññatīti appiccho mahājanassa cakkhubhūto nāma hoti.
|
|
|
|
"Appicchatā, bhikkhave, saddhammassa ṭhitiyā asammosāya anantaradhānāya saṃvattatī"ti (a. ni. 1.116-129) vacanato pana appiccho sāsanaṃ ciraṭṭhitikaṃ karoti nāma.
|
|
|
|
No dāyakenāti svākkhāte dhammavinaye pana dāyakassa pamāṇaṃ ñatvā dātabbakiccaṃ nāma natthi.
|
|
|
|
Yattako deyyadhammo atthi, tattakaṃ avattharitvā dātuṃ vaṭṭati.
|
|
|
|
Avattharitvā dinnakāraṇā hi esa manussasampattiṃ, dibbasampattiṃ, nibbānasampattiñca avattharitvā uttaruttari paṇītapaṇītameva labhati.
|
|
|
|
316.Yo āraddhavīriyo, so dukkhaṃ viharatīti pañcātapatappanamaruppapātapatanādiccānuparivattana-ukkuṭikappadhānādīni anuyuñjanto diṭṭhe ceva dhamme dukkhaṃ viharati, tasseva bāhirasamaye samādinnassa tapacaraṇassa vipākena niraye uppajjitvā samparāyepi dukkhaṃ viharati.
|
|
|
|
317.Yo kusīto, so dukkhaṃ viharatīti ayampi diṭṭhe dhamme ceva samparāye ca dukkhaṃ viharati.
|
|
|
|
Kathaṃ?
|
|
|
|
Yassa hi pabbajitakālato paṭṭhāya yoniso manasikāro natthi, buddhavacanaṃ na uggaṇhāti, ācariyupajjhāyavattaṃ na karoti, cetiyaṅgaṇabodhiyaṅgaṇavattaṃ na karoti.
|
|
|
|
Janassa pana saddhādeyyaṃ apaccavekkhitaparibhogena paribhuñjitvā divasaṃ seyyasukhaṃ passasukhaṃ anuyuñjitvā pabuddhakāle tayo vitakke vitakketi.
|
|
|
|
So katipāheneva bhikkhubhāvā cavati?
|
|
|
|
Evaṃ diṭṭhadhamme ca dukkhaṃ viharati.
|
|
|
|
Pabbajitvā pana samaṇadhammassa sammā akatattā ca –
|
|
|
|
"Kuso yathā duggahito, hatthamevānukantati;
|
|
|
|
Sāmaññaṃ dupparāmaṭṭhaṃ, nirayāyupakaḍḍhatī"ti. (dha. pa. 311) –
|
|
|
|
Apāyasmiṃyeva paṭisandhiṃ gaṇhati.
|
|
|
|
Evaṃ samparāyepi dukkhaṃ viharati.
|
|
|
|
318.Yokusīto, so sukhaṃ viharatīti kālena kālaṃ vuttappakāre tapacaraṇe kiñci kiñci tapacaraṇaṃ katvā kālena kālaṃ odātavatthavasano mālāgandhavilepanadharo madhurabhojanaṃ bhuñjanto mudukāsu seyyāsu sayanto diṭṭhe dhamme ceva sukhaṃ viharati samparāye ca.
|
|
|
|
So hi tassa tapacaraṇassa gāḷhaṃ aggahitattā nātibahuṃ niraye dukkhaṃ anubhavati.
|
|
|
|
Tasmā samparāye sukhaṃ viharati nāma.
|
|
|
|
319.Yo āraddhavīriyo, so sukhaṃ viharatīti āraddhavīriyo hi pabbajitakālato paṭṭhāya vattesu paripūrakārī hoti, buddhavacanaṃ uggaṇhāti, yoniso manasikāre kammaṃ karoti.
|
|
|
|
Athassa vattapūraṇañceva uggahitabuddhavacanañca samaṇadhammakiriyañca āvajjentassa cittaṃ pasīdati.
|
|
|
|
Evaṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sukhaṃ viharati.
|
|
|
|
Diṭṭhadhamme pana arahattaṃ pāpuṇituṃ asakkonto nibbattabhave khippābhiñño hotīti samparāyepi sukhaṃ viharati nāma.
|
|
|
|
320.Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, appamattakopi gūtho duggandho hotīti idaṃ suttaṃ aṭṭhuppattiyaṃ vuttaṃ.
|
|
|
|
Kataraaṭṭhuppattiyanti?
|
|
|
|
Navakanipāte (a. ni. 9.12) sattuppādasutta aṭṭhuppattiyaṃ.
|
|
|
|
Tathāgato hi taṃ atthaṃ kathento – "nava puggalā nirayato muttā, tiracchānayonito muttā, pettivisayato muttā"ti kathesi.
|
|
|
|
Athassa etadahosi – "sace kho pana me puttā imaṃ dhammadesanaṃ sutvā khīṇanirayamhā khīṇatiracchānayonikā khīṇapettivisayā khīṇāpāyaduggativinipātāti maññamānā uparimaggaphalatthāya vāyamituṃ na maññeyyuṃ, tesaṃ saṃvegaṃ janessāmī"ti saṃvegajananatthaṃ "seyyathāpi, bhikkhave"ti imaṃ suttamārabhi.
|
|
|
|
Tattha appamattakoti thokamattako parittappamāṇo, antamaso kusaggenapi gahetvā upasiṅghiyamāno duggandhova hoti.
|
|
|
|
Appamattakampi bhavaṃ na vaṇṇemīti appamattakampi kālaṃ bhave paṭisandhiṃ na vaṇṇayāmi.
|
|
|
|
Idānissa upamaṃ dassento āha – antamaso accharāsaṅghātamattampīti.
|
|
|
|
Sabbantimena paricchedena dve aṅguliyo ekato katvā paharaṇamattampi kālanti vuttaṃ hoti.
|
|
|
|
Sesaṃ sabbattha uttānatthamevāti.
|
|
|
|
Tatiyavaggavaṇṇanā.
|
|
|